实现一个简单的Tomcat
实现一个简单的Tomcat
1. Tomcat作用
我们的web应用会运行在Tomcat中,那么显然请求必定是先到达Tomcat的,Tomcat对于请求实际上会进行如下的处理:
- 提供Socket服务:Tomcat的启动,必然是Socket服务,支持http协议。
- 进行请求的分发:一个Tomcat可以为多个web应用提供服务,那么就需要把url下发到不同的web应用。
- 需要将请求和响应封装成request和response:我们在写后端代码的时候都是直接使用request和response的,这是因为Tomcat已经做好了。
下面我们就自己来实现这三步。
2. 实现代码
项目结构:
src └─mytomcat BookServlet.java CarServlet.java MyRequest.java MyResponse.java MyServlet.java MyTomcat.java ServletMapping.java ServletMappingConfig.java
2.1 封装http请求和响应
package mytomcat; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; /** * 封装http请求 */ public class MyRequest { private String url; private String method; public MyRequest(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException { String httpRequest = ""; byte[] httpRequestBytes = new byte[1024]; int length = 0; if((length = inputStream.read(httpRequestBytes)) > 0) { httpRequest = new String(httpRequestBytes, 0, length); } String httpHead = httpRequest.split("\n")[0]; url = httpHead.split("\\s")[1]; method = httpHead.split("\\s")[0]; System.out.println(this.toString()); } public String getUrl() { return url; } public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; } public String getMethod() { return method; } public void setMethod(String method) { this.method = method; } @Override public String toString() { return "MyRequest -- url:" + url + ",method:" + method; } }
package mytomcat; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; /** * 封装http响应 */ public class MyResponse { private OutputStream outputStream; public MyResponse (OutputStream outputStream) { this.outputStream = outputStream; } public void write(String content) throws IOException { StringBuffer httpResponse = new StringBuffer(); httpResponse.append("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n") .append("Content-Type: text/html\n") .append("\r\n") .append(content); outputStream.write(httpResponse.toString().getBytes()); outputStream.close(); } }
2.2 实现不同的Servlet
package mytomcat; /** * Servlet抽象类 */ public abstract class MyServlet { public abstract void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse); public abstract void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse); public void service(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { if(myRequest.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("POST")) { doPost(myRequest, myResponse); }else if(myRequest.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("GET")) { doGet(myRequest, myResponse); } } }
package mytomcat; import java.io.IOException; /** * 处理操作'书'的http请求 */ public class BookServlet extends MyServlet { @Override public void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { try { myResponse.write("[get] book..."); }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { try { myResponse.write("[post] book..."); }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
package mytomcat; import java.io.IOException; /** * 处理操作'车'的http请求 */ public class CarServlet extends MyServlet { @Override public void doGet(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { try { myResponse.write("[get] car..."); }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void doPost(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { try { myResponse.write("[post] car..."); }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
2.3 定义Servlet映射POJO类
package mytomcat; public class ServletMapping { private String servletName; private String url; private String className; public ServletMapping(String servletName, String url, String className) { super(); this.servletName = servletName; this.url = url; this.className = className; } public String getServletName() { return servletName; } public void setServletName(String servletName) { this.servletName = servletName; } public String getUrl() { return url; } public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; } public String getClassName() { return className; } public void setClassName(String className) { this.className = className; } }
2.4 配置Servlet映射关系
package mytomcat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * 配置请求url和处理的servlet的对应关系 */ public class ServletMappingConfig { public static List<ServletMapping> servletMappingList = new ArrayList<>();; static { servletMappingList.add(new ServletMapping("Book", "/book", "mytomcat.BookServlet")); servletMappingList.add(new ServletMapping("Car", "/car", "mytomcat.CarServlet")); } }
2.5 主类
package mytomcat; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class MyTomcat { private int port; //保存请求url和处理请求servlet的对应关系 private Map<String, String> urlServletMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); public MyTomcat(int port) { this.port = port; } public void start() { initServletMapping(); ServerSocket serverSocket = null; try { serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port); System.out.println("MyTomcat is start...\n监听端口:" + port); while(true) { System.out.println("等待请求..."); Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream(); OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream(); MyRequest myRequest = new MyRequest(inputStream); MyResponse myResponse = new MyResponse(outputStream); //请求分发 disPatch(myRequest, myResponse); socket.close(); } }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { if(serverSocket != null) { try { serverSocket.close(); }catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } //初始化url和处理的servlet的对应关系 private void initServletMapping() { for(ServletMapping servletMapping: ServletMappingConfig.servletMappingList) { urlServletMap.put(servletMapping.getUrl(), servletMapping.getClassName()); } } //分发处理请求 private void disPatch(MyRequest myRequest, MyResponse myResponse) { String className = urlServletMap.get(myRequest.getUrl()); //反射 try { Class<MyServlet> myServletClass = (Class<MyServlet>) Class.forName(className); MyServlet myServlet = myServletClass.newInstance(); myServlet.service(myRequest, myResponse); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { MyTomcat myTomcat = new MyTomcat(8080); myTomcat.start(); } }
3. 测试
运行MyTomcat主类,然后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/car
,可以看到返回[get] car...
,大功告成。
源码地址:
ofollow,noindex">https://github.com/WangJun-SCU/mytomcat