Spring 大家都不陌生，企業應用中很流行的一個平臺。從最開始的 Servlet 控制所有，到 MVC 模式的出現。從 SSH （Struts、Spring、Hibernate） 所謂的三劍客 到 SpringMvc、SpringBoot 等等。技術總是不斷在更新，開源框架也越來越多。世界上很多的大公司也慢慢走向了開源的道路，其實這也是必經之路。世界上總有那麽多不斷挑戰權威，不斷挑戰壟斷，不斷改變生活的人。好啦，閑話不說了，我們開始搭建最基本，最小型化的 Spring 應用環境。Spring 核心的概念是控制反轉，依賴註入。控制反轉的意思就是控制權交給 Spring 平臺，依賴註入就是程序依賴於 Spring Bean 通過 Java 反射機制將所需對象註入到程序中。

一、工具

項目管理 Maven，開發工具 Eclipse Kepler，JDK 1.7。

二、Jar 包

spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

三，項目結構

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version
 
="2.5">


    <display-name>mrp</display-name>
    
</web-app>

application.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx
 
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

    
    <bean id="user" class="com.mrp.www.service.User" />

</beans>  

User 類

package com.mrp.www.service;

public class User {
    
    private String name = "xxxx";

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    

}

Test 測試類

package com.mrp.www.service;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

    private static ApplicationContext context;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
        
         User u = (User) context.getBean("user");
         System.out.println(u.getName());
        
    }
    
    
}

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>www.mrp.com</groupId>
    <artifactId>mrp</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>mrp Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <build_path>C:\temp\${project.artifactId}</build_path>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring_webmvc_version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring_webmvc_version>
        <spring_version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring_version>
        <jstl_version>1.2</jstl_version>
        <standard_version>1.0.6</standard_version>
        <jackson_version>1.9.13</jackson_version>
        <spring_test_version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring_test_version>
        <hessian_version>4.0.7</hessian_version>
        <servlet_version>2.5</servlet_version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>mrp</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <uriEncoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</uriEncoding>
                    <port>8017</port>
                    <path>/${project.artifactId}</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                    <compilerVersion>1.6</compilerVersion>
                    <generatedSourcesDirectory>${build_path}</generatedSourcesDirectory>
                    <generatedTestSourcesDirectory>${build_path}</generatedTestSourcesDirectory>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <skipTests>true</skipTests>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Spring 平臺可以集成很多的開源框架，而且 Spring 輕量級，配置簡單，上面的例子僅僅配置了一個 User Bean，現實應用當中可就不止一個 Bean 這麽簡單了。會涉及到 AOP 編程，事務，數據源，緩存，分布式等等一系列的東西。後面在慢慢寫出來吧，希望對大家有所幫助，也讓自己有所收獲。謝謝大家觀看！

Spring【一，環境搭建】