Spring MVC新手教程（一）
直接幹貨
model 考慮給用戶展示什麽。關註支撐業務的信息構成。構建成模型。
control 調用業務邏輯產生合適的數據以及傳遞數據給視圖用於呈獻；
view怎樣對數據進行布局，以一種優美的方式展示給用戶；
MVC核心思想：業務數據抽取和業務數據呈獻相分離。
看看Spring MVC官網給的圖：http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/html/mvc.html
Spring’sweb MVC framework is, like many other web MVC frameworks, request-driven, designed around a central Servlet that dispatchesrequests to controllers and offers other functionality that facilitates thedevelopment
of web applications.
Therequest processing workflow of the Spring Web MVC DispatcherServlet isillustrated in the following diagram.Thepattern-savvy reader will recognize that the DispatcherServlet is an expressionof the "Front Controller"
design pattern (this is a pattern thatSpring Web MVC shares with many other leading web frameworks).
處理完後，還會返回結果給Front controller。然後前端控制器再去和View交互，最後response給用戶。是不是非常其他MVC框架非常像呢?比方Struts 2.0
當中大概設計到這些概念（看不懂沒關系，後面文章會解釋）：先看個臉熟
DispatchServlet
Controller
HandlerAdapter
HandlerInterceptor
HandlerMapping
HandlerExecutionChain
ModelAndView
ViewResolver
View
好了，是不是已經迫不及待了呢？以下給個高速入門的實例，非常easy，僅僅有一個java文件。兩個配置文件和一個終於的jsp文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?
> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>Spring MVC</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- DispatchServlet相應的上下文配置，默覺得/WEB-INF/$servlet-name$-servlet.xml --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/configs/spring/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- mvc-dispatcher攔截全部的請求 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
然後是：mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<[email protected] @Autowired,JSP250'S @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy @Resource等標註 -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--DispatcherServlet上下文，[email protected] -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xidian.mvcdemo.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!--啟用HandlerMapping標簽 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--ViewResovlver啟用。視圖解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<!--存放jsp文件的目錄位置 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
HelloMvcConntroller.java
package com.xidian.mvcdemo.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
//提示Spring MVC這是一個Controller，以及攔截根文件夾下的hello
public class HelloMvcConntroller {
//host:port/hello/mvc
@RequestMapping("/mvc")
public String helloMvc(){
return "home"; //返回home.jsp
}
}
最後是一個home.jsp頁面：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'home.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
</head>
<body>
Hello Spring MVC <br>
</body>
</html>
能夠這樣理解程序之間的關系：首先在web.xml中我們用servlet攔截了全部請求交給Spring MVC的Dispatcher，然後它去找對應文件夾下的mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml文件（也能夠不設置，會在默認位置載入文件，代碼中有說明，這裏僅僅是幫助養成良好的文件歸檔習慣）。我們在對應的[email protected]
@RequestMapping("/hello") @RequestMapping("/mvc")註解，會告訴Spring MVC這裏是Controller，當前端控制器發送來的請求符合這些要求時。就交給它處理。最後會返回home.jsp，哪裏的home.jsp？
看mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml中的最後一部分，對視圖解析器的配置。
你看會了嗎？歡迎談論 http://blog.csdn.net/code_7
Spring MVC新手教程（一）