MySQL5.7.16 gtid復制
《基礎環境準備：》
首先安裝兩臺MySQL5.7.16數據庫，安裝如下步驟即可：
一、系統環境準備：
①：系統yum源配置：
[linux]
name=linux hae
baseurl=file:///media/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
②：掛載Linux7.1系統盤安裝必要的軟件
yum -y install gcc* gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake bison libgcrypt perl
③：卸載系統自帶的MySQL軟件：
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep maria*
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb
④：修改系統參數
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
ulimit -u 65535
ulimit -n 65535
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
[[email protected] ~]# source /etc/profile
⑤：創建安裝MySQL的必要目錄
[[email protected] ~]# useradd mysql
[[email protected]
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql
[[email protected] ~]# chmod -R 755 /mysql
二、開始安裝MySQL5.7.16
①：解壓MySQL軟件
[[email protected] mysql]$ tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[[email protected] mysql]$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
②：編譯MySQL5.7.16
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.16]$ cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/mysql/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysql/data \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/mysql/boost_1_59_0
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.16]$ make -j 4
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.16]$ make install
③：初始化數據庫
/mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/mysql/ --datadir=/mysql/data/
（初始化數據庫後，會生成root用戶的默認密碼，要記住）
④：編輯my.cnf配置文件，啟動數據庫
[[email protected] data]$ vim my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir = /mysql/mysql
datadir = /mysql/data
pid-file =/mysql/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1 ------從庫的編號可以設置 2 不能和主庫一致；
init-connect = ‘SET NAMES utf8mb4‘
character-set-server = utf8mb4
back_log = 300
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log_bin = mysql-bin
expire_logs_days = 30
log_error = /mysql/data/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/mysql-slow.log
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
skip-external-locking
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M
啟動MySQL數據庫：
/mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/data/my.cnf &
⑤：啟動數據庫修改默認密碼
[[email protected] ~]$ mysql -u root -p （使用剛才的密碼）
註意：如果提示密碼過期不讓登陸，可以在my.cnf配置文件加入：
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
然後重啟MySQL，不用輸入密碼就可以登錄數據庫了！
最後修改默認密碼：
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘ ;
mysql> update mysql.user set password_expired=‘N‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> alter user [email protected] identified by ‘123456‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
⑥：創建同步用用戶（在主庫）
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to [email protected] identified by ‘feige‘;
###########################################################################
gtid 復制操作
一、主庫操作
1、編輯主庫的my.cnf配置文件，添加如下：
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = 1
binlog_format = row
skip_slave_start=1
2、重新啟動MySQL主庫；
3、在主庫創建測試用schema和表
mysql> create database zhang;
mysql> use zhang
mysql> show tables;
mysql> create table emp (id int);
mysql> insert into emp values (1);
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 | 738 | | | ac3842d2-ba9a-11e6-9e1b-000c298cd705:1-3 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
註意：我們在主庫開啟了gtid復制，而且創建了測試用schema和表 並且查看狀態可以得知目前的gtid號：1-3
二、從庫操作：
1、編輯從庫的my.cnf配置文件，添加如下：
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = 1
binlog_format = row
skip_slave_start=1
2、重新啟動MySQL主庫；
3、配置主從同步：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.2.100‘, MASTER_USER=‘repl‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘feige‘, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
4、開啟從庫主從同步：
mysql> start slave;
5、開始驗證主從同步狀態：
註意：開啟主從後，主庫剛才創建的測試庫和表都會復制過來，因為在主庫開啟gtid的時候 主庫的每一步操作都會有個gtid號，等著從庫開啟同步後，會把所有記錄的操作都會同步到從庫；
註意：gtid復制 有很多限制：
本文出自 “笨小孩的dba之路” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://fengfeng688.blog.51cto.com/4896812/1928541
MySQL5.7.16 gtid復制