string中包含了處理文本的常量和模板

常量

print(string.whitespace)
print(string.ascii_lowercase)
print(string.ascii_uppercase)
print(string.ascii_letters)
print(string.digits)
print(string.hexdigits)
print(string.octdigits)
print(string.punctuation)
print(string.printable)

"""
     

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
0123456789
0123456789abcdefABCDEF
01234567
!"#$%&‘()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~
0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&‘()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~     


 
"""
# 第一個是幾個空行,Windows輸出有點問題

函數

capwords():每個單詞首字母大寫,可自定義單詞間分隔符

s = ‘This is a dog‘
print(s)
print(string.capwords(s))

s2 = ‘This-is-a-dog‘
print(s2)
print(string.capwords(s2, ‘-‘))

"""
This is a dog
This Is A Dog
This-is-a-dog
This-Is-A-Dog

"""

模板

substitute() 傳入模板變量, 沒有就報錯

safe_substitute() 捕獲異常,原樣輸出
 

values = {‘var‘: ‘boo‘}

t = string.Template("""
    Variable        ：$var
    Excape          : $$
    Variable in text: ${var}iable
""")

print(t.substitute(values))

t2 = string.Template("$var is here but $missing is not provided")

try:
    print(t2.substitute(values))
except KeyError as err:
    
 
print(‘ERROR:‘, str(err))

print(t2.safe_substitute(values))

"""

    Variable        ：boo
    Excape          : $
    Variable in text: booiable

ERROR: ‘missing‘
boo is here but $missing is not provided
"""

$$ 輸出 $

自定義模板類繼承string中的模板類,可自定義變量定界符,和變量查找規則

class MyTemplate(string.Template):
    delimiter = ‘%‘
    idpattern = ‘[a-z]+_[a-z]+‘

Formatter

Python標準庫--string模塊