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Mysql rpm安裝

阿新 • • 發佈：2017-07-21
programs 分布 sam accept key call ice flush ffffff

總結下mysql rpm安裝的方式，與一些錯誤

環境
[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux host2 2.6.32-504.3.3.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 01:55:02 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

1,檢查是否安裝

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep --color mysqlMySQL-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar


2,刪除已安裝

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --nodeps
[[email protected] ~]#

3,查驗，這樣刪還是會留下一些東西

[[email protected] ~]# find / -name mysql
[[email protected] ~]# find / -name *mysql*
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/mysql.pp
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sos/plugins/mysql.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sos/plugins/mysql.pyo
/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sos/plugins/mysql.py
/usr/share/vim/vim72/syntax/mysql.vim
/usr/share/selinux/devel/include/services/mysql.if
/usr/share/selinux/targeted/mysql.pp.bz2
/usr/share/doc/rsyslog-5.8.10/rsyslog_mysql.html
/usr/share/doc/rsyslog-5.8.10/ommysql.html
/usr/share/man/man5/mysql_table.5.gz
/usr/lib64/libreoffice/program/libmysqllo.so
/selinux/booleans/allow_user_mysql_connect
/selinux/booleans/mysql_connect_any
/var/lib/yum/yumdb/m/b642f65e3df41063e068158061ae2e08f22e3dad-mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6-x86_64

保證下面安裝順利,最好是將這些文件都刪除

4,查驗有否mysql用戶和組


[[email protected] ~]# nl /etc/group | grep mysql
[[email protected] ~]# nl /etc/shadow | grep mysql


5,解包
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #RHEL兼容包
MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 　 #MySQL客戶端程序
MySQL-shared-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #MySQL的共享庫
MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #MySQL服務端程序
MySQL-test-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #MySQL的測試組件
MySQL-devel-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #MySQL的庫和頭文件
MySQL-embedded-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm #MySQL的嵌入式程序

6,安裝，會自動初始化數據庫

[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]
warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
2015-01-20 13:10:42 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2015-01-20 13:10:42 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-01-20 13:10:43 5645 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.22 started; log sequence number 0
A random root password has been set. You will find it in ‘/root/.mysql_secret‘.
2015-01-20 13:10:44 5645 [Note] Binlog end
2015-01-20 13:10:44 5645 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-01-20 13:10:44 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5645 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977


2015-01-20 13:10:45 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.22 started; log sequence number 1625977
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] Binlog end
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-01-20 13:10:45 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-01-20 13:10:47 5667 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987


A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in ‘/root/.mysql_secret‘.

You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but ‘SET PASSWORD‘ will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the ‘password expired‘ flag.

Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition, you can run:

  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

　

7,RPM安裝方式文件分布

Table 2.6 MySQLInstallation Layout for Linux RPM Packages from the MySQL DeveloperZone

Directory Contentsof Directory
/usr/bin Clientprograms and scripts
/usr/sbin Themysqldserver
/var/lib/mysql Logfiles, databases
/usr/share/info Manualin Info format
/usr/share/man Unixmanual pages
/usr/include/mysql Include(header) files
/usr/lib/mysql Libraries
/usr/share/mysql Miscellaneoussupport files, including error messages, character set files,sample configuration files, SQL for database installation
/usr/share/sql-bench Benchmarks



8,copy配置文件
# 沒有這一步也可以按內置參數
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

9,啟動mysql
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# service mysql status
MySQL is not running [FAILED]
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]

10,檢查進程
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# netstat -anpl | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5924/mysqld
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 76015 5924/mysqld /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

11,安裝客戶端
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]


12,連到mysql並修改
[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# nl /root/.mysql_secret
1 # The random password set for the root user at Tue Jan 20 13:10:43 2015 (local time): F76Wy1A4G9ZuLcaG ---這是初次登錄mysql，root的密碼

[[email protected] mysql_rpm]# mysql -p mysql
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
mysql> 
mysql>  SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456‘); 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> \q
Bye

在啟動過程中，曾遇到這個錯誤（The server quit without updating PID file），相信許多人應該也遇到過，做下總結：
原因：在MySQL的datadir數據目錄下沒有pid文件或者未被授權
解決方式：
（1）一定要給譬如/data/mysql授權
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
（2）如果授權了不好使，你可以自己在/data/mysql下建立一個以主機名命名的pid，如我的主機名是centos-6.3
你可以cd /data/mysql && touch centos-6.3.pid
在裏面隨意寫一個進程中沒有的pid號
（3）如果還是不行，你就需要看看配置文件/etc/my.cnf裏面的配置了，將port、datadir、basedir、 socket前的#去掉

（4）另外的處理方法還有可能是下面的原因導致
　　1>可能是第二次在機器上安裝mysql，有殘余數據影響了服務的啟動。
　　 解決方法：去mysql的數據目錄/data看看，如果存在mysql-bin.index，就趕快把它刪除掉吧，它就是罪魁禍首了

　　2>mysql在啟動時沒有指定配置文件時會使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，請打開這個文件查看在[mysqld]節下有沒有指定數據目錄(datadir)。
　　　　解決方法：請在[mysqld]下設置這一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

　　3>skip-federated字段問題

　　　　解決方法：檢查一下/etc/my.cnf文件中有沒有沒被註釋掉的skip-federated字段，如果有就立即註釋掉吧。

　 4>selinux惹的禍，如果是centos系統，默認會開啟selinux（今天遇到的錯誤就是這個）
　　　　解決方法：關閉它，打開/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改為SELINUX=disabled後存盤退出重啟機器試試。

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