《UNIX環境高級編程（第三版）》是一本廣為人知的unix系統編程書籍。

但是，書中的代碼示例，要想正確的編譯運行，要先做好準備工作：

1.下載源代碼

傳送門：http://apuebook.com/code3e.html

2.解壓源代碼

tar xf  src.3e.tar.gz

3.安裝libbsd-devel，不然編譯的時候回報錯

yum install libbsd-devel -y

4.編譯

cd apue.3e/
make
cp ./include/apue.h /usr/include/   
cp ./lib/libapue.a /usr/local/lib/
cp ./lib/libapue.a /usr/lib/
 

5.自定義錯誤頭文件

vim /usr/include/myerr.h

#include <errno.h> /* for definition of errno */
#include <stdarg.h> /* ISO C variable aruments */

static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);

/*
 * Nonfatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message and return.
 */
void
err_ret(const 
 
char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}


/*
 * Fatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void
err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(
 
1);
}


/*
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Error code passed as explict parameter.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void
err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}


/*
 * Fatal error related to a system call.
 * Print a message, dump core, and terminate.
 */
void
err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    abort(); /* dump core and terminate */
    exit(1); /* shouldn‘t get here */
}


/*
 * Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Print a message and return.
 */
void
err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}


/*
 * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
 * Print a message and terminate.
 */
void
err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(1);
}


/*
 * Print a message and return to caller.
 * Caller specifies "errnoflag".
 */
static void
err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
    char buf[MAXLINE];
   vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
   if (errnoflag)
       snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s",
         strerror(error));
   strcat(buf, "\n");
   fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */
   fputs(buf, stderr);
   fflush(NULL); /* flushes all stdio output streams */
}

測試

寫個程序

vim myls.c

#include "apue.h"
#include "myerr.h"
#include <dirent.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    DIR *dp;
    struct dirent *dirp;
    if (argc != 2)
        err_quit("usage: ls directory_name");
    if ((dp = opendir(argv[1])) == NULL)
        err_sys("can’t open %s", argv[1]);
    while ((dirp = readdir(dp)) != NULL)
        printf("%s\n", dirp->d_name);
    closedir(dp);
    exit(0);
}

編譯

gcc myls.c 

執行

./a.out /root

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