1. 程式人生 > >測試過程中常用的linux命令之【查看文件指定行的內容】

測試過程中常用的linux命令之【查看文件指定行的內容】

sed head tail

在開展測試工作的過程中,通常要接觸到服務器,對於linux服務器,總結一些常用的命令。


  • 準備工作

    為了能直觀展示命令結果,使用腳本創建一個文件,在顯示文件內容的同時,也直觀的顯示行號。

#!/bin/bash

FileName=TestFile.log
touch ./$FileName

i=1
while [ $i -le $1 ]
do
        echo "the line number is $i" >> $FileName
        let "i=$i+1"
done


命令選項示例
head-n,顯示行數
[[email protected] scripts]# head -n 5 TestFile.log 
the line number is 1
the line number is 2
the line number is 3
the line number is 4
the line number is 5

#顯示文件的前5行

[[email protected] scripts]# head -n -6 TestFile.log 
the line number is 1
the line number is 2
the line number is 3
the line number is 4
the line number is 5
the line number is 6
the line number is 7
the line number is 8
the line number is 9
the line number is 10
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14

#截去後6行,顯示剩余內容


[[email protected] scripts]# head TestFile.log 
the line number is 1
the line number is 2
the line number is 3
the line number is 4
the line number is 5
the line number is 6
the line number is 7
the line number is 8
the line number is 9
the line number is 10

#當沒有選項參數時,默認顯示前10行

-v ,在首行打印文件名稱
[[email protected] scripts]# head -n 5 -v TestFile.log 
==> TestFile.log <==
the line number is 1
the line number is 2
the line number is 3
the line number is 4
the line number is 5

#在首行打印文件名稱

tail-n,顯示行數
[[email protected] scripts]# tail -n 4 TestFile.log 
the line number is 17
the line number is 18
the line number is 19
the line number is 20

#查看messages文件的最後4行內容


[[email protected] scripts]# tail -n +5 TestFile.log 
the line number is 5
the line number is 6
the line number is 7
the line number is 8
the line number is 9
the line number is 10
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14
the line number is 15
the line number is 16
the line number is 17
the line number is 18
the line number is 19
the line number is 20

#截去前4行,顯示剩余內容


[[email protected] scripts]# tail TestFile.log 
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14
the line number is 15
the line number is 16
the line number is 17
the line number is 18
the line number is 19
the line number is 20

#當沒有選項參數時,默認顯示最後10行

-f

tail -f /var/log/messages

#當文件內容有更新時,動態的顯示最新的內容

-v ,在首行打印文件名稱
[[email protected] scripts]# tail -v -n 3 TestFile.log 
==> TestFile.log <==
the line number is 18
the line number is 19
the line number is 20

#在首行打印文件名稱


[[email protected] scripts]# head -n 15 TestFile.log |tail -n 5
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14
the line number is 15

#查看中間行第11~15行的內容

sed-n,與p一起使用
[[email protected] scripts]# sed -n ‘10p‘ TestFile.log 
the line number is 10
#查看第10行的內容

[[email protected] scripts]# sed -n ‘11,14p‘ TestFile.log 
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14

#查看第11~14行的內容

vi
[[email protected] scripts]# vi +12 TestFile.log

#文件打開後,光標直接定位在第12行

more
[[email protected] scripts]# more -4 TestFile.log 
the line number is 1
the line number is 2
the line number is 3
the line number is 4
--More--(19%)

#顯示前4行


[[email protected] scripts]# more +4 TestFile.log 
the line number is 4
the line number is 5
the line number is 6
the line number is 7
the line number is 8
the line number is 9
the line number is 10
the line number is 11
the line number is 12
the line number is 13
the line number is 14
the line number is 15
the line number is 16
the line number is 17
the line number is 18
the line number is 19
the line number is 20

#截去前3行,顯示剩余內容

less
[[email protected] scripts]# less +4 TestFile.lo

#截去前3行,顯示剩余內容



本文出自 “樂學園” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://2338053.blog.51cto.com/2328053/1970849

測試過程中常用的linux命令之【查看文件指定行的內容】