python 提供了很多的內置函數。

一、數值處理相關函數：

　　1、取絕對值：abs()

def abs(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Return the absolute value of the argument. """
    pass

　　2、轉二進制：bin()

def bin(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
    """
    Return the binary representation of an integer.
    
       >>> bin(2796202)
       ‘0b1010101010101010101010‘
    
 
"""

　　3、轉八進制：oct()

def oct(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
    """
    Return the octal representation of an integer.
    
       >>> oct(342391)
       ‘0o1234567‘
    """

　　4、轉十六進制：hex()

def hex(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 
 

    """
    Return the hexadecimal representation of an integer.
    
       >>> hex(12648430)
       ‘0xc0ffee‘
    """

　　5、取最大值：max()

def max(*args, key=None): # known special case of max
    """
    max(iterable, *[, default=obj, key=func]) -> value
    max(arg1, arg2, *args, *[, key=func]) -> value
    
    With a single iterable argument, return its biggest item. The    使用一個可叠代的參數，返回其中最大值的項
    default keyword-only argument specifies an object to return if
    the provided iterable is empty.
    With two or more arguments, return the largest argument.
    
 
"""

　　6、取最小值：min()

def min(*args, key=None): # known special case of min
    """
    min(iterable, *[, default=obj, key=func]) -> value
    min(arg1, arg2, *args, *[, key=func]) -> value
    
    With a single iterable argument, return its smallest item. The
    default keyword-only argument specifies an object to return if
    the provided iterable is empty.
    With two or more arguments, return the smallest argument.
    """

二、返回是布爾值的函數：

　　1、所有元素為真，函數返回真：all()

def all(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return True if bool(x) is True for all values x in the iterable.
    
    If the iterable is empty, return True.
    """

　　2、有一個元素為真，函數返回真：any（）

def any(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return True if bool(x) is True for any x in the iterable.
    
    If the iterable is empty, return False.
    """

　　3、返回對象是否可調用：callable()

def callable(i_e_, some_kind_of_function): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    Return whether the object is callable (i.e., some kind of function).
    
    Note that classes are callable, as are instances of classes with a
    __call__() method.
    """

三、編譯和執行代碼

　　1、把字符串編譯成python代碼：compile()

s="print(123)"
r=compile(s,‘<string>‘,"exec")
exec(r)

　　2、執行代碼：exec() 和 eval()

　　　　兩者區別：a、exec()可以執行python 代碼，也可以執行表達式，而eval() 只能執行表達式

　　　　　　　　　b、exec()只是執行，沒有返回值，而eval() 有返回值

s="print(123)"
r=compile(s,‘<string>‘,"exec")
exec(r)
exec("print(‘10*10‘)")
r=eval("8*8")
print(r)

python基礎-內置函數(1)