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先規劃下數據庫的基礎架構，先來個最簡單基礎的。 三臺虛機，各安裝了mysql5.7 用mycat建立邏輯數據庫，建立5個表格，其中一個表格分庫，一個表格做全局表，剩余三個表格每個虛機的數據庫各放一個。 統計信息： 三個虛機的IP分別為: 192.168.211.138 192.168.211.139 192.168.211.142 真實的dataNode就是這三個虛機啦。 mysql的登錄用戶就用root@%，密碼都是:Alex2010@ mycat邏輯庫的名字命名為:hello 五張表格： t1,t2,t3,t4,t5 t1做分庫，t2做全局，t3放到dn1,t4放到dn2,t5放到dn3 預先需要考慮的問題: 分庫的規則是什麽？ 先開始做吧，到哪一步再來思考。 首先配置schema.xml文件 先把配置文件備份一下 [root@mysql1 conf]# cp schema.xml schema.xml.bk2 清空配置文件 [root@mysql1 conf]# echo " " > schema.xml 開始配置： [root@mysql1 conf]# vi schema.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd"> <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/"> 這是定義文件頭,xml格式默認必須有 <schema name="hello" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100"> 定義mycat邏輯庫 <!-- auto sharding by id (long) --> 註釋說明下面是分庫表 <table name="t1" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" /> 定義t1分庫 <!-- global table is auto cloned to all defined data nodes ,so can join with any table whose sharding node is in the same data node --> 註釋說明是全局表 <table name="t2" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" /> 定義t2是全局表 <table name="t3" dataNode="dn1" /> <table name="t4" dataNode="dn2" /> <table name="t5" dataNode="dn3" /> 這裏還需要測試 定義各個分別存放在哪裏 </schema> 結束標簽 <!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743" /> --> <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysql1" database="db1" /> 定義NODE <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="mysql2" database="db2" /> <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="mysql3" database="db3" /> <dataHost name="mysql1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" 定義後端連接的真實數據庫 writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.138:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.138:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> <dataHost name="mysql2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.139:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.139:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> <dataHost name="mysql3" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.142:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.142:3306" user="root" password="Alex2010@"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> </mycat:schema> 結束標簽 配置server.xml <user name="root"> <property name="password">123456</property> <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property> TESTDB改成自己的邏輯庫，我的是hello <!-- 表級 DML 權限設置 --> <!-- <privileges check="false"> <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" > <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table> <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table> </schema> </privileges> --> </user> <user name="user"> <property name="password">user</property> <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property> <property name="readOnly">true</property> </user> 啟動服務 [root@mysql1 conf]# ../bin/mycat start Starting Mycat-server... 登錄看看 [root@mysql1 conf]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P8066 -h 127.0.0.1 稍微等一下登錄，我發現馬上登錄會報錯，說登錄不上去。可以執行： [root@mysql1 conf]# ps -ef |grep mycat 看看進程啟動沒有 操作看看 我這邊登錄成功了，參考信息如下 登錄有兩個端口，9066是管理端口，可以查看監控信息，8066是普通數據庫登錄端口，下面我是用9066端口登錄，檢查信息 [root@mysql1 logs]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P9066 -h 127.0.0.1 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql> show @@help; +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ | STATEMENT | DESCRIPTION | +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ | show @@time.current | Report current timestamp | | show @@time.startup | Report startup timestamp | | show @@version | Report Mycat Server version | | show @@server | Report server status | | show @@threadpool | Report threadPool status | | show @@database | Report databases | | show @@datanode | Report dataNodes | | show @@datanode where schema = ? | Report dataNodes | | show @@datasource | Report dataSources | | show @@datasource where dataNode = ? | Report dataSources | | show @@datasource.synstatus | Report datasource data synchronous | | show @@datasource.syndetail where name=? | Report datasource data synchronous detail | | show @@datasource.cluster | Report datasource galary cluster variables | | show @@processor | Report processor status | | show @@command | Report commands status | | show @@connection | Report connection status | | show @@cache | Report system cache usage | | show @@backend | Report backend connection status | | show @@session | Report front session details | | show @@connection.sql | Report connection sql | | show @@sql.execute | Report execute status | | show @@sql.detail where id = ? | Report execute detail status | | show @@sql | Report SQL list | | show @@sql.high | Report Hight Frequency SQL | | show @@sql.slow | Report slow SQL | | show @@sql.resultset | Report BIG RESULTSET SQL | | show @@sql.sum | Report User RW Stat | | show @@sql.sum.user | Report User RW Stat | | show @@sql.sum.table | Report Table RW Stat | | show @@parser | Report parser status | | show @@router | Report router status | | show @@heartbeat | Report heartbeat status | | show @@heartbeat.detail where name=? | Report heartbeat current detail | | show @@slow where schema = ? | Report schema slow sql | | show @@slow where datanode = ? | Report datanode slow sql | | show @@sysparam | Report system param | | show @@syslog limit=? | Report system mycat.log | | show @@white | show mycat white host | | show @@white.set=?,? | set mycat white host,[ip,user] | | show @@directmemory=1 or 2 | show mycat direct memory usage | | switch @@datasource name:index | Switch dataSource | | kill @@connection id1,id2,... | Kill the specified connections | | stop @@heartbeat name:time | Pause dataNode heartbeat | | reload @@config | Reload basic config from file | | reload @@config_all | Reload all config from file | | reload @@route | Reload route config from file | | reload @@user | Reload user config from file | | reload @@sqlslow= | Set Slow SQL Time(ms) | | reload @@user_stat | Reset show @@sql @@sql.sum @@sql.slow | | rollback @@config | Rollback all config from memory | | rollback @@route | Rollback route config from memory | | rollback @@user | Rollback user config from memory | | reload @@sqlstat=open | Open real-time sql stat analyzer | | reload @@sqlstat=close | Close real-time sql stat analyzer | | offline | Change MyCat status to OFF | | online | Change MyCat status to ON | | clear @@slow where schema = ? | Clear slow sql by schema | | clear @@slow where datanode = ? | Clear slow sql by datanode | +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ 58 rows in set (0.01 sec) 以上是可以使用的監控命令，下面操作幾個看看 mysql> show @@datanode; +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ | NAME | DATHOST | INDEX | TYPE | ACTIVE | IDLE | SIZE | EXECUTE | TOTAL_TIME | MAX_TIME | MAX_SQL | RECOVERY_TIME | +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ | dn1 | mysql1/db1 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | | dn2 | mysql2/db2 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | | dn3 | mysql3/db3 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) 三個datanode，正常。 [root@mysql1 logs]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P8066 -h 127.0.0.1 普通口登錄操作看看 mysql> show databases; +----------+ | DATABASE | +----------+ | hello | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> show tables; +-----------------+ | Tables in hello | +-----------------+ | t1 | | t2 | | t3 | | t4 | | t5 | +-----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc t1; ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.t1' doesn't exist mysql> 報錯，因為實際我們還沒有創建表格 mysql> create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.66 sec) mysql> desc t1; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.08 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)); +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | | dn2 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | | dn3 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.04 sec) 註意t1分庫，三個node都會生成 mysql> create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) mysql> desc t2; +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | money | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.08 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)); +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | | dn2 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | | dn3 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 註意t2全局表，三個node都會生成 mysql> create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> desc t3; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | bu | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.13 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)); +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)) | +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> t3，我們默認是設置放到node dn1上的，實現要求。 mysql> explain create table t4(id int not null,city varchar(10); +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ | dn2 | create table t4(id int not null,city varchar(10) | +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> explain create table t5(id int not null,company varchar(50)); +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ | dn3 | create table t5(id int not null,company varchar(50)) | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> t4放到node dn2 t5放到node dn3 達到了我們設計的要求。

mycat初次簡單配置分庫分表