一、制作word模版，${xxxx}是一會要替換的內容，最下面的表格是要插入數據，根據是否以$開頭來判斷是需要替換還是插入數據，

　　註意如果是需要插入數據，制作的表格模版需要一行空行，也只能有一行空行，原因可以看我代碼的邏輯，表格中${header}

　　和${hearder2}是放入需要替換的圖片

二、添加poi所需要的jar包文件，我用的maven對jar包進行管理

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
      <version>3.11</version>
</dependency>

三、由於poi自身bug,會出現圖片無法顯示問題，這裏需要自定義一個類繼承XWPFDocument類，接下來使用的都是我們自己創建的這個類來操作word對象，這個

　　類對XWPFDocument進行了繼承，所以不用擔心會有什麽問題

package com.cccuu.project.myUtils;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
 
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlToken;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTNonVisualDrawingProps;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTPositiveSize2D;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.wordprocessingDrawing.CTInline;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/******************************************* 
 *
 * @Package com.cccuu.project.myUtils
 * @Author duan
 * @Date 2018/3/29 17:55
 * @Version V1.0
 *******************************************/
public class CustomXWPFDocument extends XWPFDocument {

        public CustomXWPFDocument(InputStream in) throws IOException {
                super(in);
        }

        public CustomXWPFDocument() {
                super();
        }

        public CustomXWPFDocument(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {
                super(pkg);
        }

        /**
         * @param id
         * @param width 寬
         * @param height 高
         * @param paragraph  段落
         */
        public void createPicture(int id, int width, int height,XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
        final int EMU = 9525;
        width *= EMU;
        height *= EMU;
        String blipId = getAllPictures().get(id).getPackageRelationship().getId();
        CTInline inline = paragraph.createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline();
        String picXml = ""
        +"<a:graphic xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">"
        +"   <a:graphicData uri=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">"
        +"      <pic:pic xmlns:pic=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">"
        +"         <pic:nvPicPr>" + "            <pic:cNvPr id=\""
        + id
        +"\" name=\"Generated\"/>"
        +"            <pic:cNvPicPr/>"
        +"         </pic:nvPicPr>"
        +"         <pic:blipFill>"
        +"            <a:blip r:embed=\""
        + blipId
        +"\" xmlns:r=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\"/>"
        +"            <a:stretch>"
        +"               <a:fillRect/>"
        +"            </a:stretch>"
        +"         </pic:blipFill>"
        +"         <pic:spPr>"
        +"            <a:xfrm>"
        +"               <a:off x=\"0\" y=\"0\"/>"
        +"               <a:ext cx=\""
        + width
        +"\" cy=\""
        + height
        +"\"/>"
        +"            </a:xfrm>"
        +"            <a:prstGeom prst=\"rect\">"
        +"               <a:avLst/>"
        +"            </a:prstGeom>"
        +"         </pic:spPr>"
        +"      </pic:pic>"
        +"   </a:graphicData>" + "</a:graphic>";

        inline.addNewGraphic().addNewGraphicData();
        XmlToken xmlToken = null;
        try{
        xmlToken = XmlToken.Factory.parse(picXml);
        }catch(XmlException xe) {
        xe.printStackTrace();
        }
        inline.set(xmlToken);

        inline.setDistT(0);
        inline.setDistB(0);
        inline.setDistL(0);
        inline.setDistR(0);

        CTPositiveSize2D extent = inline.addNewExtent();
        extent.setCx(width);
        extent.setCy(height);

        CTNonVisualDrawingProps docPr = inline.addNewDocPr();
        docPr.setId(id);
        docPr.setName("圖片"+ id);
        docPr.setDescr("測試");
        }
}

四、接下來就是導出word的工具類了

package com.cccuu.project.myUtils;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/*******************************************
 * 通過word模板生成新的word工具類
 * @Package com.cccuu.project.myUtils
 * @Author duan
 * @Date 2018/3/29 14:24
 * @Version V1.0
 *******************************************/
public class WordUtils {

    /**
     * 根據模板生成word
     * @param path     模板的路徑
     * @param params   需要替換的參數
     * @param tableList   需要插入的參數
     * @param fileName 生成word文件的文件名
     * @param response
     */
    public void getWord(String path, Map<String, Object> params, List<String[]> tableList, String fileName, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(path);
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        CustomXWPFDocument doc = new CustomXWPFDocument(is);
        this.replaceInPara(doc, params);    //替換文本裏面的變量
        this.replaceInTable(doc, params, tableList); //替換表格裏面的變量
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
        doc.write(os);
        this.close(os);
        this.close(is);

    }

    /**
     * 替換段落裏面的變量
     * @param doc    要替換的文檔
     * @param params 參數
     */
    private void replaceInPara(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params) {
        Iterator<XWPFParagraph> iterator = doc.getParagraphsIterator();
        XWPFParagraph para;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            para = iterator.next();
            this.replaceInPara(para, params, doc);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替換段落裏面的變量
     *
     * @param para   要替換的段落
     * @param params 參數
     */
    private void replaceInPara(XWPFParagraph para, Map<String, Object> params, CustomXWPFDocument doc) {
        List<XWPFRun> runs;
        Matcher matcher;
        if (this.matcher(para.getParagraphText()).find()) {
            runs = para.getRuns();
            int start = -1;
            int end = -1;
            String str = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) {
                XWPFRun run = runs.get(i);
                String runText = run.toString();
                if (‘$‘ == runText.charAt(0) && ‘{‘ == runText.charAt(1)) {
                    start = i;
                }
                if ((start != -1)) {
                    str += runText;
                }
                if (‘}‘ == runText.charAt(runText.length() - 1)) {
                    if (start != -1) {
                        end = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
                para.removeRun(i);
                i--;
                end--;
            }

            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                String key = entry.getKey();
                if (str.indexOf(key) != -1) {
                    Object value = entry.getValue();
                    if (value instanceof String) {
                        str = str.replace(key, value.toString());
                        para.createRun().setText(str, 0);
                        break;
                    } else if (value instanceof Map) {
                        str = str.replace(key, "");
                        Map pic = (Map) value;
                        int width = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("width").toString());
                        int height = Integer.parseInt(pic.get("height").toString());
                        int picType = getPictureType(pic.get("type").toString());
                        byte[] byteArray = (byte[]) pic.get("content");
                        ByteArrayInputStream byteInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArray);
                        try {
                            //int ind = doc.addPicture(byteInputStream,picType);
                            //doc.createPicture(ind, width , height,para);
                            doc.addPictureData(byteInputStream, picType);
                            doc.createPicture(doc.getAllPictures().size() - 1, width, height, para);
                            para.createRun().setText(str, 0);
                            break;
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 為表格插入數據，行數不夠添加新行
     *
     * @param table     需要插入數據的表格
     * @param tableList 插入數據集合
     */
    private static void insertTable(XWPFTable table, List<String[]> tableList) {
        //創建行,根據需要插入的數據添加新行，不處理表頭
        for (int i = 0; i < tableList.size(); i++) {
            XWPFTableRow row = table.createRow();
        }
        //遍歷表格插入數據
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();
        int length = table.getRows().size();
        for (int i = 1; i < length - 1; i++) {
            XWPFTableRow newRow = table.getRow(i);
            List<XWPFTableCell> cells = newRow.getTableCells();
            for (int j = 0; j < cells.size(); j++) {
                XWPFTableCell cell = cells.get(j);
                String s = tableList.get(i - 1)[j];
                cell.setText(s);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 替換表格裏面的變量
     * @param doc    要替換的文檔
     * @param params 參數
     */
    private void replaceInTable(CustomXWPFDocument doc, Map<String, Object> params, List<String[]> tableList) {
        Iterator<XWPFTable> iterator = doc.getTablesIterator();
        XWPFTable table;
        List<XWPFTableRow> rows;
        List<XWPFTableCell> cells;
        List<XWPFParagraph> paras;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            table = iterator.next();
            if (table.getRows().size() > 1) {
                //判斷表格是需要替換還是需要插入，判斷邏輯有$為替換，表格無$為插入
                if (this.matcher(table.getText()).find()) {
                    rows = table.getRows();
                    for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {
                        cells = row.getTableCells();
                        for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {
                            paras = cell.getParagraphs();
                            for (XWPFParagraph para : paras) {
                                this.replaceInPara(para, params, doc);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    insertTable(table, tableList);  //插入數據
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 正則匹配字符串
     *
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private Matcher matcher(String str) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\$\\{(.+?)\\}", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
        return matcher;
    }


    /**
     * 根據圖片類型，取得對應的圖片類型代碼
     *
     * @param picType
     * @return int
     */
    private static int getPictureType(String picType) {
        int res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PICT;
        if (picType != null) {
            if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("dib")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("emf")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EMF;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpg") || picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpeg")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG;
            } else if (picType.equalsIgnoreCase("wmf")) {
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WMF;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }

    /**
     * 將輸入流中的數據寫入字節數組
     *
     * @param in
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] inputStream2ByteArray(InputStream in, boolean isClose) {
        byte[] byteArray = null;
        try {
            int total = in.available();
            byteArray = new byte[total];
            in.read(byteArray);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (isClose) {
                try {
                    in.close();
                } catch (Exception e2) {
                    e2.getStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return byteArray;
    }


    /**
     * 關閉輸入流
     *
     * @param is
     */
    private void close(InputStream is) {
        if (is != null) {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 關閉輸出流
     *
     * @param os
     */
    private void close(OutputStream os) {
        if (os != null) {
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

五、最後就是進行測試了，我是用的是ssm框架，這裏放出測試代碼

@RequestMapping("exportWordData")
    public void exportWordData(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        WordUtils wordUtil=new WordUtils();
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("${position}", "java開發");
        params.put("${name}", "段然濤");
        params.put("${sex}", "男");
        params.put("${national}", "漢族");
        params.put("${birthday}", "生日");
        params.put("${address}", "許昌");
        params.put("${height}", "165cm");
        params.put("${biYeDate}", "1994-02-03");
        params.put("${landscape}", "團員");
        params.put("${zhuanYe}", "社會工作");
        params.put("${xueLi}", "本科");
        params.put("${school}", "江西科技師範大學");
        params.put("${phone}", "177");
        params.put("${eMail}", "157");

        try{
            Map<String,Object> header = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            header.put("width", 100);
            header.put("height", 150);
            header.put("type", "jpg");
            header.put("content", WordUtils.inputStream2ByteArray(new FileInputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/11.jpg"), true));
            params.put("${header}",header);
            Map<String,Object> header2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            header2.put("width", 100);
            header2.put("height", 150);
            header2.put("type", "jpg");
            header2.put("content", WordUtils.inputStream2ByteArray(new FileInputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/22.jpg"), true));
            params.put("${header2}",header2);
            List<String[]> testList = new ArrayList<String[]>();
            testList.add(new String[]{"1","1AA","1BB","1CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"2","2AA","2BB","2CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"3","3AA","3BB","3CC"});
            testList.add(new String[]{"4","4AA","4BB","4CC"});
            String path="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/jar包/mobanFile.docx";  //模板文件位置
            String fileName= new String("測試文檔.docx".getBytes("UTF-8"),"iso-8859-1");    //生成word文件的文件名
            wordUtil.getWord(path,params,testList,fileName,response);

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

六、最後生成的word文檔

使用poi根據模版生成word文檔，支持插入數據和圖片