linux

我們有了一個 VPS 主機以後，為了不浪費 VPS 的強大資源（相比共享主機1000多個站點擠在一臺機器上），往往有想讓 VPS 做點什麽的想法，銀子不能白花啊:)。放置多個網站或者博客是個不錯的想法，可是如何配置 web 服務器才能在一個 VPS 上放置多個網站/博客呢？如何通過一個 IP 訪問多個站點/域名呢？這就是大多數 web 服務器支持的 virtual hosting 功能。這裏將描述如何一步一步如何用 nginx 配置 virtual hosting。

nginx 是一個小巧高效的 web 服務器，由俄羅斯程序員 Igor Sysoev 開發，nginx 雖然體積小，但功能一點也不弱，能和其他的 web 服務器一樣支持 virtual hosting，即一個IP對應多個域名以支持多站點訪問，就像一個IP對應一個站點一樣，所以是”虛擬”的。你想在一個 IP 下面放多少個站點就放多少，只要硬盤夠大就行。

這裏以配置2個站點（2個域名）為例，n 個站點可以相應增加調整，

假設：
IP地址:?202.55.1.100
域名1?example1.com?放在?/www/example1
域名2?example2.com?放在?/www/example2

配置 nginx virtual hosting 的基本思路和步驟如下：
把2個站點?example1.com,?example2.com?放到?nginx?可以訪問的目錄?/www/
給每個站點分別創建一個?nginx?配置文件?example1.com.conf，example2.com.conf,
並把配置文件放到?/etc/nginx/vhosts/
然後在?/etc/nginx.conf?裏面加一句?include?把步驟2創建的配置文件全部包含進來（用?*?號）

重啟?nginx

具體過程?
下面是具體的配置過程：
1、在 /etc/nginx 下創建 vhosts 目錄
mkdir?/etc/nginx/vhosts

2、在 /etc/nginx/vhosts/ 裏創建一個名字為 example1.com.conf 的文件，把以下內容拷進去
server?{
????????listen??80;
????????server_name??example1.com?www.?example1.com;
????????accesslog??/www/access?example1.log??main;
????????location?/?{
????????????root???/www/example1.com;

????????????index??index.php?index.html?index.htm;
????????}
????????error_page???500?502?503?504??/50x.html;
????????location?=?/50x.html?{
????????????root???/usr/share/nginx/html;
????????}
???????#?pass?the?PHP?scripts?to?FastCGI?server?listening?on?127.0.0.1:9000
????????location?~?.php$?{
????????????fastcgi_pass???127.0.0.1:9000;
????????????fastcgi_index??index.php;
????????????fastcgi_param??SCRIPT_FILENAME??/www/example1.com/$fastcgi_script_name;
????????????include????????fastcgi_params;
????????}
????????location?~?/.ht?{
????????????deny??all;
????????}
}

3、在 /etc/nginx/vhosts/ 裏創建一個名字為 example2.com.conf 的文件，把以下內容拷進去
server?{
????????listen??80;
????????server_name??example2.com?www.?example2.com;
????????accesslog??/www/access?example1.log??main;
????????location?/?{
????????????root???/www/example2.com;
????????????index??index.php?index.html?index.htm;
????????}
????????error_page???500?502?503?504??/50x.html;
????????location?=?/50x.html?{
????????????root???/usr/share/nginx/html;
????????}
???????#?pass?the?PHP?scripts?to?FastCGI?server?listening?on?127.0.0.1:9000
????????location?~?.php$?{
????????????fastcgi_pass???127.0.0.1:9000;
????????????fastcgi_index??index.php;
????????????fastcgi_param??SCRIPT_FILENAME??/www/example2.com/$fastcgi_script_name;
????????????include????????fastcgi_params;
????????}
????????location?~?/.ht?{
????????????deny??all;
????????}
}

4、打開 /etc/nginix.conf 文件，在相應位置加入 include 把以上2個文件包含進來
user??nginx;
worker_processes??1;
#?main?server?error?log
error_log???????/var/log/nginx/error.log?;
pid?????/var/run/nginx.pid;
events?{
????????worker_connections??1024;
}
#?main?server?config
http?{
????????include???????mime.types;
????????default_type??application/octet-stream;
????????log_format??main??‘$remote_addr?-?$remote_user?[$time_local]?$request?‘
??????????????????????‘"$status"?$body_bytes_sent?"$http_referer"?‘
??????????????????????‘"$http_user_agent"?"$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
????????sendfile????????on;
????????#tcp_nopush?????on;
????????#keepalive_timeout??0;
????????keepalive_timeout??65;
????????gzip??on;
????????server?{
????????????????listen?????????80;
????????????????servername?????;
????????????????access_log??????/var/log/nginx/access.log?main;
????????????????server_name_in_redirect??off;
????????????????location?/?{
????????????????????????root??/usr/share/nginx/html;
????????????????????????index?index.html;
????????????????}
????????}
????#?包含所有的虛擬主機的配置文件
????include?/usr/local/etc/nginx/vhosts/*;
}

5、重啟 Nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx?restart

nginx_include發布多個web站點