2018-04-27 Linux學習
只能代理http
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/load.conf // 寫入如下內容
upstream qq_com
{
ip_hash;
server 61.135.157.156:80;
server 125.39.240.113:80;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.qq.com;
location /
{
proxy_pass http://qq_com;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
upstream來指定多個web server
dig工具
yum -y install bind-utils
[root@linux-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.qq.com
This is default site.
[root@linux-01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/load.confupstream qq
{
ip_hash;
server 14.17.32.211:80;
server 14.17.42.40:80;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.qq.com;
location /
{
proxy_pass http://qq;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
[root@linux-01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@linux-01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [root@linux-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.qq.com //顯示www.qq.com的網頁內容
12.18 ssl原理
SSL工作流程
瀏覽器發送一個https的請求給服務器；
服務器要有一套數字證書，可以自己制作（後面的操作就是阿銘自己制作的證書），也可以向組織申請，區別就是自己頒發的證書需要客戶端驗證通過，才可以繼續訪問，而使用受信任的公司申請的證書則不會彈出>提示頁面，這套證書其實就是一對公鑰和私鑰；
服務器會把公鑰傳輸給客戶端；
客戶端（瀏覽器）收到公鑰後，會驗證其是否合法有效，無效會有警告提醒，有效則會生成一串隨機數，並用收到的公鑰加密；
客戶端把加密後的隨機字符串傳輸給服務器；
服務器收到加密隨機字符串後，先用私鑰解密（公鑰加密，私鑰解密），獲取到這一串隨機數後，再用這串隨機字符串加密傳輸的數據（該加密為對稱加密，所謂對稱加密，就是將數據和私鑰也就是這個隨機字符串>通過某種算法混合在一起，這樣除非知道私鑰，否則無法獲取數據內容）；
服務器把加密後的數據傳輸給客戶端；
客戶端收到數據後，再用自己的私鑰也就是那個隨機字符串解密；12.19 生產ssl密鑰對
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
openssl genrsa -des3 -out tmp.key 2048 //key文件為私鑰
openssl rsa -in tmp.key -out aminglinux.key //轉換key，取消密碼
rm -f tmp.key
openssl req -new -key aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.csr //生成證書請求文件，需要拿這個文件和私鑰一起生產公鑰文件
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in aminglinux.csr -signkey aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.crt //這裏的aminglinux.crt為公鑰
生成過程
[root@linux-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out tmp.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.............................................+++
......................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:
[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl rsa -in tmp.key -out aminglinux.key
Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:
writing RSA key
[root@linux-01 conf]# rm -rf tmp.key
[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl req -new -key aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.‘, the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:11
State or Province Name (full name) []:www
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:sz
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:www
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:www
Common Name (eg, your name or your server‘s hostname) []:wwwhost
Email Address []:[email protected]
Please enter the following ‘extra‘ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:www123456
An optional company name []:wwwchina
[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in aminglinux.csr -signkey aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=11/ST=www/L=sz/O=www/OU=www/CN=wwwhost/[email protected]
Getting Private key12.20 Nginx配置ssl
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/ssl.conf //加入如下內容
server
{
listen 443;
server_name aming.com;
index index.html index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/aming.com;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate aminglinux.crt;
ssl_certificate_key aminglinux.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
}
-t && -s reload //若報錯unknown directive “ssl” ，需要重新編譯nginx，加上--with-http_ssl_module
mkdir /data/wwwroot/aming.com
echo “ssl test page.”>/data/wwwroot/aming.com/index.html
編輯hosts，增加127.0.0.1 aming.com
curl https://aming.com/
操作過程
[root@linux-01 conf]# cd vhost/
[root@linux-01 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/aming.com
[root@linux-01 vhost]# vim ssl.conf
添加上面的配置內容
[root@linux-01 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "ssl" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/ssl.conf:7
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed
[root@linux-01 vhost]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --help |grep -i ssl
--with-http_ssl_module enable ngx_http_ssl_module
--with-mail_ssl_module enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
--with-stream_ssl_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
--with-stream_ssl_preread_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
--with-openssl=DIR set path to OpenSSL library sources
--with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for OpenSSL
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# make
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# make install
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /data/wwwroot/aming.com/
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# vim 1.txt
This is default site.
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:443 https://aming.com/
curl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:443; 拒絕連接
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 aming.com
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# curl https://aming.com/
curl: (7) Failed connect to aming.com:443; 拒絕連接
電腦端直接顯示 This is default site. 有不安全提示2018-04-27 Linux學習