這幾天一直研究vim的配置，許多版本總是不盡如人意，網上確實有許多優秀的文章值得參考，我的博客後面會貼上具有參考價值的博客鏈接，本文的將手把手教你配置一個功能詳盡的vim.

首先你要明白的是linux下一切皆文件的思想，因此vim的配置文件.vimrc中的內容就決定了你的vim的功能。對於新手來說首先你要做的是保證你的linux（或者是centOs）能夠連上網。我當時是這樣解決的。

流程如下

1)點擊 VM->Settings Hardware選項卡下面

2）點擊Network Adapter 設置如下圖所示，首先我們在虛擬機中將網絡配置設置成NAT，

3、進入Windows操作系統，然後右鍵點擊我們的電腦，進入到管理界面 計算機-> 管理->服務和應用程序->服務，找到如下服務進程 VMware DHCP Service, VMware NAT Service。 分別點擊右鍵->啟動

二、下載並安裝vim。

從官方網站ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/unix/中選擇一個版本下載，我這裏使用的是vim-7.4.tar.bz2centos安裝vim7.4

系統版本centos6.4;
root權限
su - root

卸載（當然你也可以不用卸載）
$ rpm -qa | grep vim
$ yum remove vim vim-enhanced vim-common vim-minimal

下載、解壓
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/unix/vim-7.4.tar.bz2
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/extra/vim-7.2-extra.tar.gz
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/extra/vim-7.2-lang.tar.gz
$
$ tar jxvf vim-7.4.tar.bz2
$ tar zxvf vim-7.2-extra.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf vim-7.2-lang.tar.gz
$
$ mv vim72 vim74


安裝編譯環境
$ yum install ncurses-devel
$ yum install gcc

編譯安裝
$ cd vim74/src
$ ./configure --enable-multibyte \--with-features=huge \--disable-selinux
$ make
$ make install

測試

$ vim --version
VIM - Vi IMproved 7.4

三、接下來我們開始配置vim

1.下查看~/目錄下有沒有一個.vimrc的文件，如果沒有自己在當前目錄創建一個。

2.需要說明的是在root目錄下的.vimrc對所有用戶生效。你也可以在每個用戶下單獨配置個性化.vimrc.

3.以下是我配置的vim截圖

4.vim的功能實際上是由配置文件和插件共同決定的，這裏我提供一份配置文件源碼。大家復制到自己的.vimrc文件中即可。方法是先復制到剪貼板然後打開cd ~/.vimrc,拷貝進去就好了。保存按：

sheft+: w

退出輸入：q

5.源碼如下：

1. set helplang=cn
2. set encoding=utf-8
3. set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e-
4. nmap <C-_>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
5. nmap <C-_>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
6. nmap <C-_>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
7. nmap <C-_>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
8. nmap <C-_>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
9. nmap <C-_>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>
10. nmap <C-_>i :cs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR>
11. nmap <C-_>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
12. let g:miniBufExplMapCTabSwitchBufs = 1
13. let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
14. let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavArrows = 1
15. nnoremap <silent> <F12> :A<CR>
16. nnoremap <silent> <F3> :Grep<CR>
17. let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=2
18. let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType="<C-X><C-O>"
19. " 自動語法高亮
20. syntax on
21. " 檢測文件類型
22. filetype on
23. " 檢測文件類型插件
24. filetype plugin on
25. " 不設定在插入狀態無法用退格鍵和 Delete 鍵刪除回車符
26. set backspace=indent,eol,start
27. set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
28. " 顯示行號
29. set number
30. " 上下可視行數
31. set scrolloff=6
32. " replace tab with space
33. set expandtab
34. " 設定 tab 長度為 4
35. set tabstop=4
36. " 設置按BackSpace的時候可以一次刪除掉4個空格
37. set softtabstop=4
38. " 設定 << 和 >> 命令移動時的寬度為 4
39. set shiftwidth=4
40. set smarttab
41. set history=1024
42. " 不突出顯示當前行
43. set nocursorline
44. " 覆蓋文件時不備份
45. set nobackup
46. " 自動切換當前目錄為當前文件所在的目錄
47. set autochdir
48. " 搜索時忽略大小寫，但在有一個或以上大寫字母時仍大小寫敏感
49. set ignorecase
50. set smartcase
51. " 搜索到文件兩端時不重新搜索
52. set nowrapscan
53. " 實時搜索
54. set incsearch
55. " 搜索時高亮顯示被找到的文本
56. set hlsearch
57. " 關閉錯誤聲音
58. set noerrorbells
59. set novisualbell
60. "set t_vb=
62. " 不自動換行
63. "set nowrap
64. "How many tenths of a second to blink
65. set mat=2
66. " 允許在有未保存的修改時切換緩沖區，此時的修改由 vim 負責保存
67. set hidden
68. " 智能自動縮進
69. set smartindent
70. " 設定命令行的行數為 1
71. set cmdheight=1
72. " 顯示狀態欄 (默認值為 1, 無法顯示狀態欄)
73. set laststatus=2
74. "顯示括號配對情況
75. set showmatch
77. " 解決自動換行格式下, 如高度在折行之後超過窗口高度結果這一行看不到的問題
78. set display=lastline
79. " 設定配色方案
80. colorscheme evening
81. " 設置在狀態行顯示的信息
82. set statusline=\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\ %y\ %0(%{&fileformat}\ [%{(&fenc==\"\"?&enc:&fenc).(&bomb?\",BOM\":\"\")}]\ %c:%l/%L%)
84. " 顯示Tab符
85. set list
86. set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<
87. "啟動時不顯示 捐贈提示
88. set shortmess=atl
90. "blank 空白
91. "buffers 緩沖區
92. "curdir 當前目錄
93. "folds 折疊
94. "help 幫助
95. "options 選項
96. "tabpages 選項卡
97. "winsize 窗口大小
98. "slash 轉換文件路徑中的\為/以使session文件兼容unix
99. "unix 設置session文件中的換行模式為unix
100. set sessionoptions=blank,buffers,curdir,folds,help,options,tabpages,winsize,slash,unix,resize
102. " 允許backspace和光標鍵跨越行邊界
103. set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
104. " backspace
105. set backspace=eol,start,indent
107. " 可以在buffer的任何地方使用鼠標（類似office中在工作區雙擊鼠標定位）
108. set mouse=a
109. set selection=exclusive
110. set selectmode=mouse,key
112. " 在被分割的窗口間顯示空白，便於閱讀
113. set fillchars=vert:\ ,stl:\ ,stlnc:\
115. " 高亮顯示匹配的括號
116. set showmatch
118. " 匹配括號高亮的時間（單位是十分之一秒）
119. set matchtime=5
121. "編碼設置
122. set enc=utf-8
123. set fencs=utf-8,ucs-bom,shift-jis,gb18030,gbk,gb2312,cp936
125. " set mapleader
126. let mapleader=","
128. nmap J 5j
129. nmap K 5k
131. " Ctrl+a
132. nmap <silent> <C-a> ggvG$
134. " 選中狀態下 Ctrl+c 復制
135. vnoremap <c-c> "+y
137. " Ctrl+v
138. nmap <silent> <C-v> "+p
140. " 窗口切換
141. nnoremap <c-h> <c-w>h
142. nnoremap <c-l> <c-w>l
143. nnoremap <c-j> <c-w>j
144. nnoremap <c-k> <c-w>k
146. " 插入模式下上下左右移動光標
147. inoremap <c-h> <left>
148. inoremap <c-l> <right>
149. inoremap <c-j> <c-o>gj
150. inoremap <c-k> <c-o>gk
152. " Ctrl+s
153. " If the current buffer has never been saved, it will have no name,
154. " call the file browser to save it, otherwise just save it.
155. "nnoremap <silent> <C-S> :if expand("%") == ""<CR>browse confirm w<CR>else<CR>confirm w<CR>endif<CR>
156. "imap <c-s> <c-o><c-s><CR>
157. " Use CTRL-S for saving, also in Insert mode
158. nmap <C-S> :update<CR>
159. vmap <C-S> <C-C>:update<CR>
160. imap <C-S> <C-O>:update<CR>
162. " C++的編譯和運行
163. "map <F6> :call CompileRunGpp()<CR>
164. "func! CompileRunGpp()
165. "exec "w"
166. "exec "!g++ % -o %<"
167. "exec "! ./%<"
168. "endfunc
169. map <F10> :call RunGpp()<cr>
170. func! RunGpp()
171. exec "w"
172. exec "! ./%<"
173. endfunc
175. "vim plugin setting
177. "======================"
178. set tags=tags
179. set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/tags
180. set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/stl-tags
181. set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/sys-tags
182. set autochdir
183. "Update ctags
184. map <silent> <F8> :!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q<cr>
186. """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
187. " Tag list (ctags)
188. """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
189. "if MySys() == "windows" "設定windows系統中ctags程序的位置
190. " let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = ‘ctags‘
191. "elseif MySys() == "linux" "設定Linux系統中ctags程序的位置
192. let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = ‘/home/sphinx/.vim/ctags-5.8/ctags‘
193. "endif
195. let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 "不同時顯示多個文件的tag，只顯示當前文件的
196. let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 "如果taglist窗口是最後一個窗口，則退出vim
197. let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 0 "在右側窗口中顯示taglist窗口
198. let Tlist_OnlyWindow=1
200. "let Tlist_Use_Right_Window=0
201. "let Tlist_Sort_Type=‘name‘
202. "let Tlist_Show_Menu=1
203. "let Tlist_Max_Submenu_Items=10
204. "let Tlist_Max_Tag_length=16 "20
205. "let Tlist_Use_SingleClick=0
206. "let Tlist_Auto_Open=0
207. "let Tlist_Close_On_Select=0
208. "let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close=1
209. "let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen=0
210. "let Tlist_Process_File_Always=1
211. "let Tlist_WinHeight=10
212. "let Tlist_WinWidth=18
213. "let Tlist_Use_Horiz_Window=0
215. let Tlist_Auto_Highlight_Tag = 1
216. "let Tlist_Auto_Open = 1
217. let Tlist_Auto_Update = 1
218. let Tlist_Close_On_Select = 0
219. let Tlist_Compact_Format = 0
220. let Tlist_Display_Prototype = 0
221. let Tlist_Display_Tag_Scope = 1
222. let Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 0
223. let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 0
224. let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 1
225. let Tlist_Hightlight_Tag_On_BufEnter = 1
226. let Tlist_Inc_Winwidth = 0
227. let Tlist_Max_Submenu_Items = 1
228. let Tlist_Max_Tag_Length = 30
229. let Tlist_Process_File_Always = 0
230. let Tlist_Show_Menu = 0
231. let Tlist_Sort_Type = "order"
232. let Tlist_Use_Horiz_Window = 0
233. let Tlist_WinWidth = 31
235. map <F12> :TlistOpen<CR>
237. "OMNI
238. "omnicppcoplete
239. "-- omnicppcomplete setting --
240. set completeopt=menu,menuone
241. let OmniCpp_MayCompleteDot = 1
242. " autocomplete with .
243. let OmniCpp_MayCompleteArrow = 1
244. " autocomplete with ->
245. let OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1
246. " autocomplete with ::
247. let OmniCpp_SelectFirstItem = 2
248. " select first item (but don‘t insert)
249. let OmniCpp_NamespaceSearch = 2
250. " search namespaces in this and included files
251. let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 1
252. " show function prototype in popup window
253. let OmniCpp_GlobalScopeSearch=1
254. let OmniCpp_DisplayMode=1
255. let OmniCpp_DefaultNamespaces=["std"]
256. set nocp
257. filetype plugin on
259. "WinManager
260. let g:winManagerWindowLayout=‘FileExplorer|TagList‘
261. "let g:winManagerWindowLayout=‘FileExplorer|BufExplorer|TagList‘
262. let g:persistentBehaviour=0
263. let g:winManagerWidth=20
264. let g:defaultExplorer=1
265. nmap wm :WMToggle<cr>
267. "QuickFix
268. nmap <F6> :cn<cr>
269. nmap <F7> :cp<cr>
271. "MiniBufExplorer
272. "let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
273. "let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavArrows = 1
274. let g:miniBufExplModSelTarget = 1
275. let g:miniBufExplorerMoreThanOne = 2
276. let g:miniBufExplModSelTarget = 0
277. let g:miniBufExplUseSingleClick = 1
278. let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
279. let g:miniBufExplVSplit = 15 "25
280. let g:miniBufExplSplitBelow=1
282. let g:bufExplorerSortBy = "name"
284. autocmd BufRead,BufNew :call UMiniBufExplorer
286. map <leader>u :TMiniBufExplorer<cr>
289. "AutoClose
290. "let g:AutoClosePairs = {‘(‘: ‘)‘, ‘{‘: ‘}‘, ‘[‘: ‘]‘, ‘"‘: ‘"‘, "‘": "‘"}
291. let g:AutoClosePairs = {‘(‘: ‘)‘, ‘{‘: ‘}‘, ‘[‘: ‘]‘, ‘"‘: ‘"‘, "‘": "‘"}
292. """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
293. " Maintainer:
294. " " Geek SphinX
295. " " [email protected]
296. " "
297. " " Version:
298. " " 1.0 - Thu Nov 1 17:21:44 CST 2012
299. " "
300. " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
302. " Sets how many lines of history VIM has to remember
303. " set history=1024
304. "
305. " " Auto syntax highlight
306. " set syntax=on
307. "
308. " " Check file format
309. " filetype on
310. "
311. " " Enable filetype plugins
312. " filetype plugin on
313. " filetype indent on
314. "
315. " " Sets non VI compatible mode
316. " set nocompatible
317. "
318. " " Set to auto read when a file is changed from the outside
319. " set autoread
320. "
321. " " With a map leader it‘s possible to do extra key combinations
322. " " like <leader>w saves the current file
323. " let mapleader = ","
324. " let g:mapleader = ","
325. "
326. " " Fast saving
327. " nmap <leader>w :w<cr>
328. " nmap <leader>q :q<cr>
329. "
330. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
331. " " => VIM user interface
332. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
333. " " Replace J, K
334. " nmap J 5j
335. " nmap K 5k
336. "
337. " " Ctrl+A to select all content in visual mode
338. " nmap <silent> <C-a> ggvG$
339. "
340. " " Ctrl+C to copy
341. " vnoremap <C-c> "+y
342. "
343. " " Ctrl+V to paste
344. " nmap <silent> <C-v> "+p
345. "
346. " " Set 7 lines to the cursor - when moving vertically using j/k
347. " set so=7
348. "
349. " " Turn on the Wild menu
350. " set wildmenu
351. "
352. " " Ignore compiled files
353. " set wildignore=*.o,*~,*.pyc
354. "
355. " "Always show current position
356. " set ruler
357. "
358. " " Height of the command bar
359. " set cmdheight=2
360. "
361. " " A buffer becomes hidden when it is abandoned
362. " set hid
363. "
364. " " Configure backspace so it acts as it should act
365. " set whichwrap+=<,>
366. " set backspace=indent,eol,start
367. "
368. " " Ignore case when searching
369. " set ignorecase
370. "
371. " " When searching try to be smart about cases
372. " set smartcase
373. "
374. " " Highlight search results
375. " set hlsearch
376. "
377. " " Makes search act like search in modern browsers
378. " set incsearch
379. "
380. " " Don‘t redraw while executing macros (good performance config)
381. " set lazyredraw
382. "
383. " " For regular expressions turn magic on
384. " set magic
385. "
386. " " Show matching brackets when text indicator is over them
387. " set showmatch
388. "
389. " " How many tenths of a second to blink when matching brackets
390. " set mat=2
391. "
392. " " No annoying sound on errors set noerrorbells
393. " set novisualbell
394. " set t_vb=
395. " set tm=500
396. "
397. " " Show line number
398. " set number
399. "
400. " " Highlight over 80 columns
401. " highlight OverLength ctermbg=red ctermfg=white guibg=#592929
402. " match OverLength /\%81v.\+/
403. "
404. " " Show Tab symbol
405. " set list
406. " set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<
407. "
408. " " Switch windows
409. " nnoremap <C-h> <C-w>h
410. " nnoremap <C-l> <C-w>l
411. " nnoremap <C-j> <C-w>j
412. " nnoremap <C-k> <C-w>k
413. "
414. " " Move cursor in insert mode
415. " inoremap <C-h> <C-o>h
416. " inoremap <C-l> <C-o>l
417. " inoremap <C-j> <C-o>j
418. " inoremap <C-k> <C-o>k
419. "
420. "
421. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
422. " " => Colors and Fonts
423. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
424. " " Enable syntax highlighting
425. " syntax enable
426. "
427. " "colorscheme desert
428. " colorscheme molokai
429. " set background=dark
430. "
431. " " Set extra options when running in GUI mode
432. " if has("gui_running"www.wanmeiyuele.cn )
433. " set guioptions-=T
434. " set guioptions+=e
435. " set t_Co=256
436. " set guitablabel=%M\ %t
437. " endif
438. "
439. " " Set utf8 as standard encoding and en_US as the standard
440. " language
441. " set encoding=utf8
442. "
443. " " Use www.senta77.com/ Unix as the standard file type
444. " set ffs=unix,dos,mac
445. "
446. " " Use Inconsolata as the gui font
447. " set guifont=Inconsolata\ 15
448. "
449. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
450. " => Text, tab www.fengshen157.com and indent related
451. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
452. " " Use spaces instead of tabs
453. " set expandtab
454. "
455. " " Be smart when using tabs ;)
456. " set www.567860.cn smarttab
457. "
458. " " 1 tab == 4 spaces
459. " set shiftwidth=4
460. " set tabstop=4
461. "
462. " " Linebreak on 500 characters
463. " set lbr
464. " set tw=500
465. "
466. " set ai "Auto indent
467. " set si "Smart indent
468. " set wrap www.huarenyl.cn/ "Wrap lines
469. "
470. "
471. " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
472. " " => Status line
473. " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
474. " " Always show the status line
475. " set laststatus=2
476. "
477. " " Format the status line
478. " "set statusline=\ www.hjd1956.com/ %{HasPaste()}%F%m%r%h\ %w\ \ CWD:\ %r%{getcwd()}%h\ \ \
479. " Line:\ %l
480. "
481. "
482. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
483. " " => Mouse
484. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
485. " set mouse=a
486. " set selection=www.2636666.cn exclusive
487. " set selectmode=mouse,key
488. "
489. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
490. " " => www.taohuayuan178.com Plugins
491. " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

6.插件的下載與安裝。

在~/.vim文件下有建一個doc 文件夾和plugin的文件夾。一般指導性的幫助文件會放到doc文件夾。插件的源碼等會放到plugin中。

可能用到的插件如下：此鏈接中有各種有用的插件大家可以看教程操作。

插件下載和配置：http://blog.csdn.net/wooin/article/details/1858917

用到的vim命令：http://www.thd178.com/ .net/sys/linux/52704.htm

註意事項：let g:winManagerWindowLayout=‘FileExplorer|TagList‘
nmap wm :WMToggle<www.mhylpt.com/ cr>

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