[root@test-bench system]# yum check-update

[root@test-bench system]# yum groupinstall "X Window System"

啟動桌面——startx

#startx \\ 啟動xwindow 進入圖形化桌面

設置默認運行級別為圖形化

[root@test-bench Desktop]# systemctl get-default \\查看默認運行級別

multi-user.target

[root@test-bench Desktop]# cat /etc/inittab

# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.

#

# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.

#

# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target

#

# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:

#

# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3 \\運行級別3：多用戶界面

# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5 \\運行級別5：圖形化界面

# # To set a default target, run: # # ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/.target

/etc/systemd/system/default.target #

[root@test-bench system]# systemctl set-default graphical.target \\設置默認圖形化運行級別

rm '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'

ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target' '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'

[root@test-bench Desktop]# systemctl get-default \\查看默認運行級別

graphical.target \\圖形化設置OK

1,安裝VNC packages：

[root@test-bench system]# yum install tigervnc-server -y

2,修改配置信息，在/etc/systemd/system/下建立文件夾vncserver@:1.service 把example config 文件從/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]復制到裏面

[root@test-bench system]# cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]

然後打開這個配置文件/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]替換掉默認用戶名,找到這一行

ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l <USER> -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"

PIDFile=/home/<USER>/.vnc/%H%i.pid

如果是用root用戶登錄，就替換成

ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"

PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid

如果是其他用戶的話比如john替換如下

ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l snp01 -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"

PIDFile=/home/snp01/.vnc/%H%i.pid

3,重加載 systemd

[root@test-bench system]# systemctl daemon-reload

4,為VNC設密碼

[root@test-bench system]# vncpasswd 或

[snp01@test-bench system]# vncpasswd

5,由於我的是Centos 7.4 是用iptable防火墻的所以

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

在合適位置加上

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5900:5903 -j ACCEPT

重啟iptable

service iptables restart

如果是用Centos 7 默認防火墻的可能需要

[root@test-bench ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service vnc-server

[root@test-bench ~]# systemctl restart firewalld.service

第六步，設默認啟動並開啟VNC

[root@test-bench ~]# systemctl enable [email protected]

[root@test-bench ~]# systemctl start [email protected]

或者link 文件

ln -s /etc/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver-snp01@:11.service

ln -s /etc/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver-hru@:12.service

ln -s /etc/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vncserver-mta@:13.service

vnc 啟動報錯：

vncserver-snp01@:11.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2018-06-02 23:32:26 CST; 25s ago

Process: 8384 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l snp01 -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Process: 8377 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || : (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Jun 02 23:32:26 test-bench systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...

Jun 02 23:32:26 test-bench systemd[1]: vncserver-snp01@:11.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1

Jun 02 23:32:26 test-bench systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service (VNC).

Jun 02 23:32:26 test-bench systemd[1]: Unit vncserver-snp01@:11.service entered failed state.

Jun 02 23:32:26 test-bench systemd[1]: vncserver-snp01@:11.service failed.

除了檢查/tmp/.X11-unix .ICE-unix 等目錄是否有用戶文件存在外，還要檢查用戶是否被設置成nologin了

如果設置成了nologin狀態就usermod -s /bin/bash snp01 解開

centos7.4 安裝配置vnc