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簡介
Android6.0中對權限分為了一般權限和危險權限。

一般權限：只要在清單文件中註冊即可使用。

危險權限：除了要在清單文件中註冊外，還要對用戶進行請求權限彈窗提醒，才可以使用。

危險權限
關於日歷的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR"/>
關於相機的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>

關於聯系人的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_CONTACTS"/>
關於位置的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
關於電話的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_SIP"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>
關於傳感器的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"/>
關於短信的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS"/>
關於SD卡的權限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
實例說明
先上兩張圖：

x.png

y.png

BasePermissionsActivity.Java

package com.zhoujian.permissions;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**

• Created by zhoujian on 2017/3/5.
  */

public class BasePermissionsActivity extends Activity
{

public static final String TAG = "BasePermissionsActivity";

public static  int REQUEST_CODE = 0;

public void requestPermission(String[] permissions,int requestCode)
{

    this.REQUEST_CODE = requestCode;

    //檢查權限是否授權
    if(checkPermissions(permissions))
    {
        permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE);
    }
    else
    {
        List<String> needPermissions = getPermissions(permissions);
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, needPermissions.toArray(new String[needPermissions.size()]), REQUEST_CODE);
    }
}

private List<String> getPermissions(String[] permissions)
{
    List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String permission : permissions) {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
                PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
            permissionList.add(permission);
        }
    }
    return permissionList;

}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
        if (verificationPermissions(grantResults)) {
            permissinSucceed(REQUEST_CODE);
        } else {
            permissionFailing(REQUEST_CODE);
            showFaiingDialog();
        }
    }
}

private boolean verificationPermissions(int[] results)
{

    for (int result : results) {
        if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;

}

/**
 * 檢測所有的權限是否都已授權
 *
 * @param permissions
 * @return
 */
private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions)
{
    if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT<Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    {
        return true;
    }

    for(String permission:permissions)
    {

        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(BasePermissionsActivity.this,permission)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

private void showFaiingDialog()
{

    new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
            .setTitle("消息")
            .setMessage("當前應用無此權限，該功能暫時無法使用。如若需要，請單擊確定按鈕進行權限授權！")
            .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

                    return;
                }
            })
            .setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    startSettings();
                }
            }).show();

}

private void startSettings() {

    Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
    startActivity(intent);
}

public void permissionFailing(int code) {

    Log.d(TAG, "獲取權限失敗=" + code);
}

public void permissinSucceed(int code) {

    Log.d(TAG, "獲取權限成功=" + code);
}

}
MainActivity.java

package com.zhoujian.permissions;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends BasePermissionsActivity
{

private Intent intent;
private Button mTake_phone;
private Button mTake_photo;

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    initViews();
    clickEvents();
}

private void initViews()
{
    mTake_phone = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_phone);
    mTake_photo = (Button)findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
}

private void clickEvents()
{

    mTake_phone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {

            requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},1);
        }
    });

    mTake_photo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {

            requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},2);
        }
    });

}

/**
 * 權限成功回調函數
 *
 * @param requestCode
 */
@Override
public void permissinSucceed(int requestCode) {
    super.permissinSucceed(requestCode);
    switch (requestCode) {
        case 1:
            intent= new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:15855759639"));
            startActivity(intent);
            break;

        case 2:
            intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
            startActivity(intent);
            break;

    }

}

@Override
public void permissionFailing(int code) {
    super.permissionFailing(code);

}

}
清單文件加上權限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
Andr

Android 權限封裝