1. 程式人生 > >Spring學習筆記(五)

Spring學習筆記(五)

schema type 對象 方法名 哪些 finall 回滾 aspect -i

本教程對應視頻課程:http://edu.51cto.com/course/14731.html

1、SpringAOP

1.1、AOP的概念

Aspect oritention programming(面向切面編程),Spring的AOP使用動態代理實現,如果一個類實現了接口,那麽spring就使用JDK的動態代理完成AOP,如果一個類沒有實現接口,那麽spring就是用cglib完成AOP;

AOP當中的概念:

①切入點Pointcut:在哪些類,哪些方法上面切(where);

②通知/增強Advice:在方法的什麽時機(when)做什麽(what);

③切面Aspect:切入點+通知:什麽時間,什麽地點,幹什麽

④織入Weaving:把切面加入到對象,並創建出代理對象的過程(Spring自動搞定)

1.2、xml中配置aop

1、添加jar包

com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar、com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar

2、引入aop的命名空間

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        ">
   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
   <context:component-scan base-package="cn.org.kingdom"/>
</beans>

3、xml配置

<aop:config>
    <!--做什麽 -->
<aop:aspect ref="txManager">
            <!--什麽地點,哪些方法上-->
            <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.org.kingdom.aop_xml.*ServiceImpl.*(..)) " id="txPoint"/> 
            <!--時機:方法前、方法後、方法前後 -->
            <aop:before method="beginTransaction" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
        </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>

註意執行表達式的格式:

execution(modifiers-pattern? ret-type-pattern declaring-type-pattern? name-pattern(param-pattern)throws-pattern?)

modifiers-pattern:修飾符

ret-type-pattern:返回值的類型

declaring-type-pattern:這個方法的類名

name-pattern:方法名

param-pattern:參數

throws-pattern:異常

語法案例:

1.任意公共方法的執行:
execution(public * *(..))
2.任何一個名字以“set”開始的方法的執行:
execution(* set*(..))
3.AccountService接口定義的任意方法的執行:
execution(* com.xyz.service.AccountService.*(..))
4.在service包中定義的任意方法的執行:
execution(* com.xyz.service.*.*(..))
5.在service包或其子包中定義的任意方法的執行:
execution(* com.xyz.service..*.*(..))

1.3、Spring中的各種通知

aop:before(前置通知):在方法執行之前執行增強操作(增強類中的指定增強方法)

<aop:before method="beginTransaction" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/> 

aop:after-returning(後置通知):在方法正常執行完成之後執行增強操作;

<aop:after-returning method="commit" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>

異常通知:在業務方法中出現異常,需要調用的增強操作 throwing="ex":決定方法定義為:public void rollback(Throwable ex):

<aop:after-throwing method="rollback" pointcut-ref="txPoint" throwing="ex"/>

aop:after(最終通知):在方法執行之後執行,相當於在finally裏面執行

<aop:after method="close" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/> 

aop:around(環繞通知):把方法的執行包裹起來,環繞通知有兩個要求

? 1、方法必須要返回一個Object(返回的結果)

? 2、方法的第一個參數必須是ProceedingJoinPoint(可以繼續向下傳遞的切入點)

<aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>

完整代碼

//PersonService
package cn.org.kingdom.service;
public interface PersonService {
    public abstract int add(String msg);
}
//PersonServiceImpl
package cn.org.kingdom.service.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.org.kingdom.service.PersonService;
@Service("personService")
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
    public int add(String msg) {
        System.out.println("執行add操作");
        System.out.println(10/0);
        return 0 ; 
    }
}
//事務管理類
package cn.org.kingdom.ts;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("ts")
public class Transaction {
    public void begin(){
        System.out.println("開啟事務");
    }
    public void commit(){
        System.out.println("提交事務");
    }
    public void rollback(Throwable ex){
        System.out.println("回滾事務");
        System.out.println("發生的異常通知是:"+ex);
    }
    public void closeConnection(){
        System.out.println("關閉連接");
    }
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
        Object value = null ; 
        try{
            begin();
            value = pjp.proceed();
            commit();
        }catch(Throwable e) {
            rollback(e);
        }finally{
            closeConnection();
        }
        return value;
    }
}

xml配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        ">
   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
   <!-- 掃包 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="cn.org.kingdom"/>
   <aop:config>
        <aop:aspect ref="ts">
            <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.org.kingdom.service..*.*(..))" id="mypointcut"/>
            <aop:around method="around" pointcut-ref="mypointcut"/>
        </aop:aspect>
   </aop:config>
</beans>

1.4、aop的註解配置

xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        ">
   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
   <!-- 掃包 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="cn.org.kingdom"/>
   <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>

java配置

package cn.org.kingdom.ts;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("ts")
@Aspect
public class Transaction {
    @Pointcut(value="execution(* cn.org.kingdom.service..*.*(..))")
    public void pointcut(){}
    //註意value為方法名,並且加括號
    @Around(value="pointcut()")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
        Object value = null ; 
        try{
            begin();
            value = pjp.proceed();
            commit();
        }catch(Throwable e) {
            rollback(e);
        }finally{
            closeConnection();
        }
        return value;
    }
    public void begin(){
        System.out.println("開啟事務");
    }
    public void commit(){
        System.out.println("提交事務");
    }
    public void rollback(Throwable ex){
        System.out.println("回滾事務");
        System.out.println("發生的異常通知是:"+ex);
    }
    public void closeConnection(){
        System.out.println("關閉連接");
    }
}

Spring學習筆記(五)