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MySQL主主複製+Keepalived 打造高可用MySQL叢集

轉載地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106570.htm


為了響應公司需求,打造出更安全的mysql叢集,能夠實現mysql故障後切換,研究了幾天終於有了成果,一起分享一下。

首先介紹一下這套叢集方案實現的功能

1、mysql伺服器故障後自動轉移,修好後自動切回

2、mysql服務故障自動轉移,修好後自動切回

3、可以實現在幾秒鐘內轉移

以下內容均是實驗環境,請根據實際情況修改響應引數

生產環境MySQL主主同步主鍵衝突處理 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/86890.htm

MySQL + KeepAlived + LVS 單點寫入主主同步高可用架構實驗 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84002.htm

MySQL 主主同步配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/83815.htm

CentOS 6.3下MySQL主從複製筆記 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85983.htm

Linux下的MySQL主主複製 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91683.htm

實驗環境

mysql1 ip:10.1.1.20

mysql2  ip:10.1.1.21

mysql vip:10.1.1.25

三臺機器均安裝centos 6.5 32位(虛擬機器環境)

實驗開始!!!

一、安裝mysql,並打造主主同步。

相信主從同步大家都會做,一樣的道理,主主同步就是兩臺機器互為主的關係,在任何一臺機器上寫入都會同步。

安裝mysql的過程不解釋,yum就好啦

配置主主同步

1.配置 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=binlog  #開啟binlog功能

log-bin-index=binlog.index

sync_binlog=0

server_id = 1    #兩臺機器不能重複,一個1 一個2 就好

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid


2.分別在兩臺機器上配置同步賬號

10.1.1.20機器上:

[[email protected] ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the buffer.

 

mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

10.1.1.21機器上:

[[email protected] ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the buffer.

 

mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


注:由於本文是實驗環境下編寫,所以沒考慮任何安全性問題,同步賬號也是最高許可權,請根據實際情況設定響應許可權!!

3.設定同步

10.1.1.20機器上:

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

mysql> show master status;

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB |Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| binlog.000003 | 365 | | |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

10.1.1.21機器上:

mysql> change master tomaster_host='10.1.1.20', master_port=3306, master_user='ab',master_password='123', master_log_file='binlog.000003',master_log_pos=365;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G  #執行這命令後 注意觀察下面這兩個引數,必須要都是yes才行

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

同樣的 反過來做相同操作

10.1.1.21機器上:

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

mysql> show master status;

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB |Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| binlog.000004 | 207 | | |

+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

10.1.1.20機器上:

 

mysql> change master tomaster_host='10.1.1.21', master_port=3306, master_user='ab',master_password='123', master_log_file='binlog.000004',master_log_pos=207;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G  #執行這命令後 注意觀察下面這兩個引數,必須要都是yes才行

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

介此,主主同步打造完成,可以簡單測試一下,分別在兩個機器上寫資料 看看會不會同步到另一臺機器上

PS:如果報錯  Slave_IO_Running: NO  可以檢查同步的賬號是否建立正常!

二、安裝keepalived 並設定監控

keepalived是安裝在兩臺MySQL伺服器上的

首先安裝keepalived 過程不解釋就正常解壓安裝就好

安裝後配置 vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 內容如下

10.1.1.20的配置檔案

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

  notification_email {

    [email protected]

    [email protected]

    [email protected]

  }

  notification_email_from [email protected]

  smtp_server 127.0.0.1

  smtp_connect_timeout 30

  router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

  state backup      #兩臺配置此處均是BACKUP

  interface eth0

  virtual_router_id 51

  priority 100      #優先順序,另一臺改為90 

  advert_int 1

  nopreempt          #不搶佔,只在優先順序高的機器上設定即可,優先順序低的機器不設定

  authentication {

      auth_type PASS

      auth_pass 1111

  }

  virtual_ipaddress {

      10.1.1.25

  }

}

 

virtual_server 10.1.1.25 3306 {

  delay_loop 6

  lb_algo wrr

  lb_kind DR

  persistence_timeout 50        #會話保持時間 

  protocol TCP

 

real_server 10.1.1.20 3306 {

      weight 3

      notify_down /tmp/nimei.sh    #檢測到mysql服務掛了就執行這個指令碼(指令碼要自己寫哈)

      TCP_CHECK {

      connect_timeout 10        #連線超時時間

      nb_get_retry 3            #重連次數 

      delay_before_retry 3      #重連間隔時間

      connect_port 3306        #健康檢查埠 

        }

      }

}


10.1.1.21 的配置檔案

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

  notification_email {

    [email protected]

    [email protected]

    [email protected]

  }

  notification_email_from [email protected]

  smtp_server 127.0.0.1

  smtp_connect_timeout 30

  router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

  state backup

  interface eth0

  virtual_router_id 51

  priority 90

  advert_int 1

  authentication {

      auth_type PASS

      auth_pass 1111

  }

  virtual_ipaddress {

      10.1.1.25

  }

}

 

virtual_server 10.1.1.25 3306 {

  delay_loop 6

  lb_algo wrr

  lb_kind DR

  persistence_timeout 50

  protocol TCP

 

real_server 10.1.1.21 3306 {

      weight 3

      notify_down /tmp/nimei.sh

      TCP_CHECK {

      connect_timeout 10

      nb_get_retry 3

      delay_before_retry 3

      connect_port 3306

          }

      }

編寫監控mysql服務是否掛了的指令碼,按照上面配置檔案的位置編寫指令碼。

vim /tmp/nimei.sh

#!/bin/sh 

pkill keepalived

指令碼很簡單啊 就一句,目的是當keepalived檢測到mysql服務掛了之後觸發這個指令碼,殺死keepalived程序,讓另一臺機器接管

好 修改後啟動keeplived服務

介此整個叢集搭建完成

三、測試

找一臺機器用虛擬ip連線mysql

[[email protected] html]# mysql -uab  -h 10.1.1.25 -p123

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 736

Server version: 5.1.66-log Source distribution

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

這樣成功連上了,然後你可以任意關閉某臺機器,或者某臺機器的mysql服務,看看還能不能連上!!

謝謝!!