今日主要內容
        類與類之間的關係
        依賴關係
            在方法中給方法傳遞一個物件. 此時類與類之間的關係是最輕的

      例    class ZhiWu:
                def __init__(self, name, attack, hp):
                    self.name = name
                    self.attack = attack
                    self.hp = hp

                def fight(self, js):  # 這裡是依賴關係. 想執行這個動作. 必須傳遞一個js
 

                    js.hp -= self.attack  # 傳遞來的物件執行運算的動作

            class JiangShi:
                def __init__(self, name, hp, attack):
                    self.name = name
                    self.hp = hp
                    self.attack = attack

                def chi(self, zhiwu):
                    zhiwu.hp -= self.attack
 


            lvluo = ZhiWu("綠蘿", 20, 10)
            js1 = JiangShi("殭屍一號", 100, 5)
            lvluo.fight(js1)

            js1.chi(lvluo)
            print(lvluo.hp)

            print(js1.hp)


        關聯關係(組合, 聚合)
            def __init__(self, name, xxxList =None):
                self.xxxList = xxxList

            def __init__(self, name, teacher):
 

                self.teacher = teacher

            一對多. 一的一方埋集合
                    多的一方埋實體

        例   class Teacher:
                def __init__(self, name, lst=None):
                    self.name = name
                    if lst == None: # 判斷傳遞過來的引數是否是空
                        self.lst = []
                    else: # 傳遞過來的是一個列表
                        self.lst = lst

                # 新增學生
                def tianjia(self, student):
                    self.lst.append(student)

                def display(self):
                    for s in self.lst: # s 是老師的學生
                        print(s.name)


            class Student:
                def __init__(self, num, name, teacher=None):
                    self.name = name
                    self.num = num
                    self.teacher = teacher

            t = Teacher("大張偉")
            s1 = Student(1, "郭德綱")
            s2 = Student(2, "岳雲鵬")
            s3 = Student(3, "張鶴倫")
            s4 = Student(4, "朱雲峰")

            t.tianjia(s1) # 把學生新增給老師
            t.tianjia(s2)
            t.tianjia(s4)
            #
            t.display()

        簡單的繼承
            self: 誰呼叫的. self就是誰


        建立物件的真正步驟:

      例  class Car:
            def __init__(self, color, pai): # 初始化方法
                print("哪有地呀")
                self.color = color
                self.pai = pai

            # 這裡才是真正的構造方法
            def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
                print("我的天哪")
                # 固定的返回值
                return object.__new__(cls)

        c = Car("紅色", "京A66666") # 先執行__new__ 返回object.__new__(cls).把返回的空物件傳遞給 __init__()

        print(c.color)


        特殊成員
            __init__()
            __call__()
            __getitem__()
            __setitem__()
            __delitem__()
            __enter__()
            __exit__()

            __hash__()  hash(c)
            __len__() len(c)
            __iter__()
            __add__()   +

            __new__() 構造方法. 用來建立物件的. 開闢記憶體

     特殊成員

      例  # class Car:
        #     def __init__(self, color, pai):
        #         self.color = color
        #         self.pai = pai
        #     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        #         print("這裡是call")
        #
        #     def __getitem__(self, item):
        #         print("這裡是getitem, item=", item)
        #
        #     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        #         print(key, value)
        #
        #     def __delitem__(self, key):
        #         print(key)
        #
        #     def __add__(self, other): # 在執行兩個物件相加的時候自動呼叫
        #         print("證明我來過")
        #     def __enter__(self):
        #         print("進來的時候")
        #     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        #         print("這裡是出去")
        #
        #     def __str__(self): # 當前物件的字串表示形式
        #         return "我的車很厲害"
        #
        #     def __repr__(self):  #  一個物件的官方字串表示形式
        #         return "我的車非常非常厲害"
        #
        #     def __iter__(self):
        #         return (i for i in range(10))
        #
        #     # def __hash__(self):
        #     #     return hash(self.pai) + hash(self.color)
        #     __hash__ = None
        #
        #
        # c = Car("紅", "1.5T") # 在建立物件的時候會自動的呼叫__init__()  類名()  ==> init()
        # # c() # 物件()  => __call__()
        # # c["馬化騰"] # 物件[任意引數] => __getitem__(item)
        # # c["胡辣湯"] = "河南開封"
        # # del c['上海小混沌大碗']
        #
        # # c2 = Car("黑色", "1.8T")
        # # cc = c+c2
        #
        # # with c as m: # 裝飾器
        # #     print("哈哈哈")
        # #
        # # print("呵呵呵")
        # # print(c) # 當列印一個物件的時候. 預設的去執行__str__ 根據__str__返回的結果進行列印
        # # print(repr(c))
        #
        # print("%s" % c) # %s __str__
        # print("%r" % c) # %r __repr__
        #
        # # c > c2 # great than
        # # c< c2  # less than
        # # c >= c2 # greate and equals
        #
        # for s in c:
        #     print(s)