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    對於自動化運維，諸如備份恢復之類的，DBA經常需要將SQL語句封裝到shell指令碼。本文描述了在Linux環境下mysql資料庫中，shell指令碼下呼叫sql語句的幾種方法，供大家參考。對於指令碼輸出的結果美化，需要進一步完善和調整。以下為具體的示例及其方法。

1、將SQL語句直接嵌入到shell指令碼檔案中

--演示環境[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/issueCentOS release 5.9 (Final)Kernel \r on an \[email protected][(none)]> show variables like 'version';+---------------+------------+| Variable_name | Value      |+---------------+------------+
 
| version       | 5.6.12-log |+---------------+------------+[[email protected] ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh #!/bin/bash# Define logTIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.logecho "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}# execute sql statmysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
 
tee /tmp/temp.logdrop database if exists tempdb;create database tempdb;use tempdbcreate table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');select * from tb_tmp;noteequit"echo -e "\n">>${LOG}echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}exit;[[email protected] ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'+------+-------+| id   | val   |+------+-------+|    1 | jack  ||    2 | robin ||    3 | mark  |+------+-------+Outfile disabled.--Author : Leshami--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

2、命令列呼叫單獨的SQL檔案

[[email protected] ~]# more temp.sql tee /tmp/temp.logdrop database if exists tempdb;create database tempdb;use tempdbcreate table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');select * from tb_tmp;notee[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'+------+-------+| id   | val   |+------+-------+|    1 | jack  ||    2 | robin ||    3 | mark  |+------+-------+Outfile disabled.

3、使用管道符呼叫SQL檔案

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sqlLogging to file '/tmp/temp.log'id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.#使用管道符呼叫SQL檔案以及輸出日誌[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log[[email protected] ~]# more /tmp/temp.logLogging to file '/tmp/temp.log'id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.

4、shell指令碼中MySQL提示符下呼叫SQL

[[email protected] ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh#!/bin/bashmysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOFsource /root/temp.sql;select current_date();delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;EOFexit;[[email protected] ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.shLogging to file '/tmp/temp.log'id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.current_date()2014-10-14id      val2       robin

5、shell指令碼中變數輸入與輸出

[[email protected] ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh#!/bin/bashcmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"exit [[email protected] ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Current count is : 3[[email protected] ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s3[[email protected] ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh#!/bin/bashid=1cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"exit [[email protected] ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh Current count is : 1#以上指令碼演示中，作拋磚引玉只用，對於輸出的結果不是很規整友好，需要進一步改善和提高。

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