1. 程式人生 > >從原始碼角度解析 - ScrollView巢狀ViewPager不顯示的問題

從原始碼角度解析 - ScrollView巢狀ViewPager不顯示的問題

<ScrollView
        android:id="@+id/scroll_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation
="vertical">
<TextView android:id="@+id/tv_header" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="300dp" android:gravity="center" android:text="Header"/> <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
android:id="@+id/tab_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" app:tabBackground="@android:color/white" app:tabIndicatorColor="@color/colorPrimary" app:tabIndicatorHeight
="1dp" app:tabMode="fixed" app:tabSelectedTextColor="@color/colorPrimary" app:tabTextColor="@android:color/black"/>
<ViewPager android:id="@+id/view_pager" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/> </LinearLayout> </ScrollView>

以上佈局的方式(ScrollView巢狀ViewPager),在預設情況下是達不到我們想要的效果,整個ViewPager是無法顯示的,網上已經有很多解決方案,但很少有文章解釋為什麼要這樣修改,是什麼原因造成ViewPager顯示不了,現在我們從原始碼的角度來分析問題的所在。
既然是無法顯示,那可能是在ViewPager測量過程中出現了異常,可以先從原始碼看下ViewPager在onMeasure方法是如何構成的

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // For simple implementation, our internal size is always 0.
        // We depend on the container to specify the layout size of
        // our view.  We can't really know what it is since we will be
        // adding and removing different arbitrary views and do not
        // want the layout to change as this happens.
        setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(0, widthMeasureSpec),
                getDefaultSize(0, heightMeasureSpec));
      ……………………
      省略
}

在onMeasure方法內中通過setMeasuredDimension方法設定測量的寬高,而View的測量具體值,是在getDefaultSize方法中得到的,接下來看看原始碼

public static int getDefaultSize(int size, int measureSpec) {
        int result = size;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        switch (specMode) {
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            result = size;
            break;
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            result = specSize;
            break;
        }
        return result;
    }

在onMeasure方法中,getDefaultSize傳入兩個引數,一個大小size,另外一個測量規格measureSpec,而傳入的size的值是為0,在getDefaultSize方法內,可以看出在UNSPECIFIED測量模式 下,getDefaultSize返回值是0,而這個返回值就是我們想要的寬或高。所以在此猜測是UNSPECIFIED測量模式而導致的,可能有人會問,我明明在佈局中給ViewPager設定的match_parent屬性,是一個精確測量模式EXACTLY,這麼突然變成了UNSPECIFIED模式了。

我們知道ViewGroup的measure測量過程是一個遞迴過程,它會在父元素中的onMeasure方法中,遍歷所有的子元素進行對子元素逐個measure測量,而父元素的測量規格MeasureSpec同時也會影響到子元素的測量規格MeasureSpec;我們可以從ScrollView的onMeasure原始碼可以看出


    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        if (!mFillViewport) {
            return;
        }

        final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            return;
        }
 ……省略
 }

我們進入super.onMeasure方法中,再去看看具體

 @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        int count = getChildCount();

        final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =
                MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||
                MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
        mMatchParentChildren.clear();

        int maxHeight = 0;
        int maxWidth = 0;
        int childState = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = getChildAt(i);
            if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
              //這個方法很重要,是用測量子view的大小
               measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0);

                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,
                        child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);
                maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,
                        child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
                childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());
                if (measureMatchParentChildren) {
                    if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||
                            lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                        mMatchParentChildren.add(child);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        ……省略
}

從上面的原始碼可以看出,ScrollView的onMeasure方法內通過for迴圈遍歷子view,通過measureChildWithMargins方法來實現子View的測量工作,我們再點進measureChildWithMargins方法內看看細節

protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,
            int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
        final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
                        + widthUsed, lp.width);
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin
                        + heightUsed, lp.height);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

從上面的程式碼可知,會根據父元素的parentWidthMeasureSpec、parentHeightMeasureSpec的測量規格,得到子元素的childWidthMeasureSpec 、childHeightMeasureSpec 測量規格,在其過程中並未改變子元素的測量模式,其實這時候我們看到measureChildWithMargins這個方法是ViewGroup的標準測量過程,而ScrollView已經對measureChildWithMargins方法進行重寫了,接下來看看ScrollView的重寫後的measureChildWithMargins方法

   @Override
    protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
        final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
                        + widthUsed, lp.width);
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(
                lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

從原始碼可知,在構建子元素的高度測量規格childHeightMeasureSpec 時,已經把子元素的測量模式設定成了UNSPECIFIED模式了,由此可知,ViewPager的高度測量模式實際上是UNSPECIFIED,並非我們在佈局上設定match_parent屬性了,此時再去看getDefaultSize方法會很明瞭了,知道問題所在。

解決思路
給ViewPager的設定一個具體的高度值,有兩種方式
1> 通過view.post(runnable)或者ViewTreeObserver方法中設定具體值

 this.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @Override
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                StickHeadScrollView.this.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
                nestedContent.getLayoutParams().height = StickHeadScrollView.this.getHeight() - headView.getHeight();
                nestedContent.requestLayout();

            }
        });

2> 重寫ViewPager的onMeasure方法

 @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {

        int childCount = getChildCount();
        int h=0;
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            //1.測量子View的寬高
            child.measure(widthMeasureSpec,MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED));
            //2.獲取view的高度
            int measuredHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
            //3.取所有的子View中的高度最高的那個
            if (measuredHeight>h){
                h =measuredHeight;
            }

            Log.d(TAG, "onMeasure: "+measuredHeight);
        }
        //4、最後設定高度的測量模式為EXACTLY
        heightMeasureSpec= MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(h,MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }

子元素如果是match_parent屬性,是無法得到子元素的高度值,如果想得到子元素的值,前提必須知道父元素的剩餘空間是多少,而此時父元素的剩餘空間我們是無法獲取的,因為在父元素中onMeasure方法中,還在遍歷測量子元素,子元素都還在測量中,是獲取不到父元素的具體值的。