轉自：https://blog.csdn.net/liang19890820/article/details/51822438#原始碼

在 Windows 系統中，根據副檔名來區分檔案型別，比如：.txt（文字檔案）、.exe（可執行程式）、.zip（壓縮檔案），下面，根據副檔名來獲取對應的檔案圖示、型別。

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>

// 獲取檔案圖示
HICON fileIcon(std::string extention)
{
    HICON icon = NULL;
    if (extention.length() > 0)
    {
        LPCSTR name = extention.c_str();

        SHFILEINFOA info;
        if (SHGetFileInfoA(name,
            FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
            &info,
            sizeof(info),
            SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX | SHGFI_ICON | SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES))
        {
            icon = info.hIcon;
        }
    }

    return icon;
}

// 獲取檔案型別
std::string fileType(std::string extention)
{
    std::string type = "";
    if (extention.length() > 0)
    {
        LPCSTR name = extention.c_str();

        SHFILEINFOA info;
        if (SHGetFileInfoA(name,
            FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
            &info,
            sizeof(info),
            SHGFI_TYPENAME | SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES))
        {
            type = info.szTypeName;
        }
    }

    return type;
}

// 獲取資料夾圖示
HICON folderIcon()
{
    std::string str = "folder";
    LPCSTR name = str.c_str();

    HICON icon = NULL;

    SHFILEINFOA info;
    if (SHGetFileInfoA(name,
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY,
        &info,
        sizeof(info),
        SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX | SHGFI_ICON | SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES))
    {
        icon = info.hIcon;
    }

    return icon;
}

// 獲取資料夾型別
std::string folderType()
{
    std::string str = "folder";
    LPCSTR name = str.c_str();

    std::string type;

    SHFILEINFOA info;
    if (SHGetFileInfoA(name,
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY,
        &info,
        sizeof(info),
        SHGFI_TYPENAME | SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES))
    {
        type = info.szTypeName;
    }

    return type;
}