SpringBoot 入門之一：Configuration 和 Properties
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-28
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>demoPro</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>demoPro</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- MYSQL --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring Boot JDBC --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
Applicatoin.java
package com.test; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; @ImportResource(locations={"classpath:beans.xml"}) // 此處是為了能過通過IOC方式獲取某個bean @SpringBootApplication //@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) public class DemoProApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoProApplication.class, args); } }
application.properties, 注意此處通過啟用方式類引用其他的properties檔案，檔名如 application-testData.properties
spring.profiles.active=testData spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testDB spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.max-idle=10 spring.datasource.max-wait=10000 spring.datasource.min-idle=5 spring.datasource.initial-size=5
application-testData.properties
server.port=8888
person.name=Shawn
person.age=23
person.birth=2018-01-01
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=value2
person.lists=one,two,three
person.dog.name=Godname
person.dog.age=3
Person類
package com.test.JavaBean;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
/*
*
* @ConfigurationProperties 如果，我們有javebean需要和peoperty中的屬性來對映獲值，則用@ConfigurationProperties,預設從全域性檔案中獲取
* @Value 如果我們只是在某個業務邏輯中從peoperty檔案中獲取某個或幾個簡單型別的值，用@Value方式獲取
*/
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:application-testData.properties"}) // 可以指定某個或某些配置檔案，效果同@ConfigurationProperties
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person") // 字首跟properties檔案裡的父節點匹配，對映properties中對應屬性的值到當前javabean，此Bean需要get set方法
@Validated // 此註解可以做JSR303資料驗證，只適用於@ConfigurationProperties 方式注入，@value不適用
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String birth;
private Map<String, Object> maps; // 如果獲取map型別的值，只適用於@ConfigurationProperties 方式注入獲取，@value不適用
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
@Email
@Value("[email protected]") // 此處會驗證email的值，如果格式錯誤 會報錯
private String email;
@Value("${person.name}")
private String tempName; // 此處 用 Value註解方式獲取值
@Value("${person.lists}")
private List tempLists;
@Override
public String toString() {
String personStrt = "Person [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", birth=" + birth + ", maps=" + maps + ", lists=" + lists
+ ", dog=" + dog + "]";
System.out.println(tempName);
System.out.println(email);
System.out.println(tempLists);
return personStrt;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(String birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public List<Object> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Dog getDog() {
return dog;
}
public void setDog(Dog dog) {
this.dog = dog;
}
}
SpringTest 測試類
package com.test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import com.test.JavaBean.Dog;
import com.test.JavaBean.Person;
@Validated
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class DemoProApplicationTests {
@Autowired
Person person1;
@Test
public void contextLoads() { // 通過上下文person物件會在它自己類中從priperties檔案注入值
System.out.println(person1);
}
@Email
@Value("[email protected]") // 此處會驗證email的值，如果格式錯誤 會報錯
private String email;
@Value("${person.lists}") // 此處 用 Value註解方式獲取值
private List tempLists;
@Test
public void getPersonValues(){ // 通過Person類中 @ConfigurationProperties註解類匹配屬性名來獲取值
System.out.println(person1.getName());
System.out.println(person1.getAge());
System.out.println(person1.getBirth());
System.out.println(person1.getMaps());
System.out.println(person1.getLists());
System.out.println(tempLists);
}
@Autowired
ApplicationContext ioc;
@Test
public void testContainsHelloService() {
boolean res = ioc.containsBean("helloService");
System.out.println(res);
}
}
注意：
Application類和Test類所在的包，必須處在其他業務邏輯包的上層，才可以在啟動時順利注入其他類和配置。
