Nginx伺服器新增sysyemctl和chkconfig管理
將nginx伺服器安裝好後，每次啟動，停止nginx服務均要進入 安裝目錄sbin下進行操作，為了簡化步驟和增加開機自啟動，所以可以將其加入系統服務行列，以便於使用systemctl和chkconfig進行管理。
備註：下面文章中存在的“//”及後面的問你為備忘記錄，在實際應用前請刪除。
方法一：使用systemctl進行管理
1.建立nginx.service
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service //此處位置為固定位置，無需改動
2.編輯如下內容
[Unit] Description=nginx - high performance web server Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/ After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target [Service] Type=forking WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/nginx //此處位置為你的nginx安裝目錄，根據實際情況進行更改 ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //此處位置為你的nginx安裝目錄中的nginx可執行檔案位置，根據實際位置進行更改 ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
3.使檔案生效
systemctl daemon-reload
4.啟動nginx
systemctl start nginx
5.關閉nginx
systemctl stop nginx
6.重啟nginx
systemctl restart nginx
7.開機啟動
systemctl enable nginx
8.問題請看最下備註
方法二：使用chkconfig進行管理
1.建立/etc/init.d/nginx檔案
touch /etc/init.d/nginx
2.為nginx檔案寫入資訊
#!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx" //這裡需要更改為你的安裝位置的nginx可執行檔案的所在位置 prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" //這裡需要更改為你的安裝位置的nginx.conf的所在位置 [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx //無需改動 make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` if [ -n "$user" ]; then if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user fi options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done fi } start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac
3.更改/etc/init.d/nginx許可權
chmod a+x nginx
4.新增nginx服務為系統服務
chkconfif --add nginx
新增成功後就可以執行service nginx start、stop、restart、status等操作了。
5.問題請看下面的備註
備註：
當上面任意一種操作完成後，執行nginx服務的啟動，停止等可能會出現一下報錯：
錯誤1：
執行：systemctl status nginx.service 報錯如下：
● nginx.service - nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Wed 2018-09-19 10:06:18 CST; 4min 47s ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs
Sep 19 10:06:17 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
Sep 19 10:06:17 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Sep 19 10:06:17 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt systemd[1]: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt nginx[32486]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt systemd[1]: Failed to start nginx.service.
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
Sep 19 10:06:18 lt systemd[1]: nginx.service failed.
方案：