java生成二維碼（java工具類可以直接呼叫）
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-11
生成二維碼的方法大體分為兩種：1. 展示時候引用Qrcode.js；2.後臺生成二維碼儲存成圖片，前端顯示
1.QRCode.js 是一個用於生成二維碼的 JavaScript 庫。主要是通過獲取 DOM 的標籤,再通過 HTML5 Canvas 繪製而成
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="ko" lang="ko"> <head> <title>Javascript 二維碼生成庫：QRCode</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://static.runoob.com/assets/qrcode/qrcode.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <input id="text" type="text" value="http://www.runoob.com" style="width:80%" /><br /> <div id="qrcode" style="width:100px; height:100px; margin-top:15px;"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var qrcode = new QRCode(document.getElementById("qrcode"), { width : 100, height : 100 }); function makeCode () { var elText = document.getElementById("text"); if (!elText.value) { alert("Input a text"); elText.focus(); return; } qrcode.makeCode(elText.value); } makeCode(); $("#text"). on("blur", function () { makeCode(); }). on("keydown", function (e) { if (e.keyCode == 13) { makeCode(); } }); </script> </body> </html>
2.後臺生成二維碼
必不可少的maven依賴 <!-- 條形碼、二維碼生成 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>core</artifactId> <version>3.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>3.2.1</version> </dependency>
package com.thinkgem.jeesite.common.qrcode; import java.awt.BasicStroke; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; /** * 二維碼 新增 logo圖示 處理的方法, * 模仿微信自動生成二維碼效果，有圓角邊框，logo和二維碼間有空白區，logo帶有灰色邊框 * @author: huxm * @date: 2018年8月29日 下午12:10:35 * @version: v1.0.0 * */ public class LogoConfig { /** * 設定 logo * @param matrixImage 源二維碼圖片 * @return 返回帶有logo的二維碼圖片 * @throws IOException * @author Administrator sangwenhao */ public BufferedImage LogoMatrix(BufferedImage matrixImage) throws IOException{ /** * 讀取二維碼圖片，並構建繪圖物件 */ Graphics2D g2 = matrixImage.createGraphics(); int matrixWidth = matrixImage.getWidth(); int matrixHeigh = matrixImage.getHeight(); /** * 讀取Logo圖片 */ BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(new File("")); //開始繪製圖片 g2.drawImage(logo,matrixWidth/5*2,matrixHeigh/5*2, matrixWidth/5, matrixHeigh/5, null);//繪製 BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke(5,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND); g2.setStroke(stroke);// 設定筆畫物件 //指定弧度的圓角矩形 RoundRectangle2D.Float round = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(matrixWidth/5*2, matrixHeigh/5*2, matrixWidth/5, matrixHeigh/5,20,20); g2.setColor(Color.white); g2.draw(round);// 繪製圓弧矩形 //設定logo 有一道灰色邊框 BasicStroke stroke2 = new BasicStroke(1,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND); g2.setStroke(stroke2);// 設定筆畫物件 RoundRectangle2D.Float round2 = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(matrixWidth/5*2+2, matrixHeigh/5*2+2, matrixWidth/5-4, matrixHeigh/5-4,20,20); g2.setColor(new Color(128,128,128)); g2.draw(round2);// 繪製圓弧矩形 g2.dispose(); matrixImage.flush() ; return matrixImage ; } }
/**
* @Package: com.thinkgem.jeesite.common.qrcode
* @author: huxm
* @date: 2018年8月29日 下午12:10:35
*/
package com.thinkgem.jeesite.common.qrcode;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
/**
* 二維碼的生成需要藉助MatrixToImageWriter類，該類是由Google提供的，可以將該類直接拷貝到原始碼中使用，當然你也可以自己寫個
* 生產條形碼的基類
*/
public class MatrixToImageWriter {
private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000;//用於設定圖案的顏色
private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF; //用於背景色
private MatrixToImageWriter() {
}
public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
int width = matrix.getWidth();
int height = matrix.getHeight();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
image.setRGB(x, y, (matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE));
// image.setRGB(x, y, (matrix.get(x, y) ? Color.YELLOW.getRGB() : Color.CYAN.getRGB()));
}
}
return image;
}
public static void writeToFile(BitMatrix matrix, String format, File file) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
//設定logo圖示
/*LogoConfig logoConfig = new LogoConfig();
image = logoConfig.LogoMatrix(image);*/
if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format + " to " + file);
}else{
System.out.println("圖片生成成功！");
}
}
public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format, OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
//設定logo圖示
/*LogoConfig logoConfig = new LogoConfig();
image = logoConfig.LogoMatrix(image);*/
if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format);
}
}
public static void Encode_QR_CODE(String contents,String format,String path,int width,int height,int encodeHintType) throws IOException, WriterException{
Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
// 指定糾錯等級,糾錯級別（L 7%、M 15%、Q 25%、H 30%）
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
// 內容所使用字符集編碼
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
// hints.put(EncodeHintType.MAX_SIZE, 350);//設定圖片的最大值
// hints.put(EncodeHintType.MIN_SIZE, 100);//設定圖片的最小值
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, encodeHintType);//設定二維碼邊的空度，非負數
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents,//要編碼的內容
//編碼型別，目前zxing支援：Aztec 2D,CODABAR 1D format,Code 39 1D,Code 93 1D ,Code 128 1D,
//Data Matrix 2D , EAN-8 1D,EAN-13 1D,ITF (Interleaved Two of Five) 1D,
//MaxiCode 2D barcode,PDF417,QR Code 2D,RSS 14,RSS EXPANDED,UPC-A 1D,UPC-E 1D,UPC/EAN extension,UPC_EAN_EXTENSION
BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,
width, //條形碼的寬度
height, //條形碼的高度
hints);//生成條形碼時的一些配置,此項可選
// 生成二維碼
File outputFile = new File(path);//指定輸出路徑
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToFile(bitMatrix, format, outputFile);
}
}/**
* @Package: com.thinkgem.jeesite.common.qrcode
* @author: huxm
* @date: 2018年8月29日 下午12:10:35
*/
package com.thinkgem.jeesite.common.qrcode;
import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.path.Path;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
/**
* @Description: 生成二維碼的工具類
*
* @author: huxm
* @date: 2018年8月29日 下午12:10:35
* @version: v1.0.0
*/
public class QRCodeUtil {
private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
// 二維碼尺寸
private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 100;
// LOGO寬度
private static final int WIDTH = 30;
// LOGO高度
private static final int HEIGHT = 30;
/**
* 生成二維碼
* @param content 源內容
* @param imgPath 生成二維碼儲存的路徑
* @param needCompress 是否要壓縮
* @return 返回二維碼圖片
* @throws Exception
*/
private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE,
hints);
int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
}
}
if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
return image;
}
// 插入圖片
QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
return image;
}
/**
* 在生成的二維碼中插入圖片
* @param source
* @param imgPath
* @param needCompress
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
File file = new File(imgPath);
//System.out.println(file+"****************************");
if (!file.exists()) {
System.err.println("" + imgPath + " 該檔案不存在！");
return;
}
Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
int width = src.getWidth(null);
int height = src.getHeight(null);
if (needCompress) { // 壓縮LOGO
if (width > WIDTH) {
width = WIDTH;
}
if (height > HEIGHT) {
height = HEIGHT;
}
Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 繪製縮小後的圖
g.dispose();
src = image;
}
// 插入LOGO
Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
graph.draw(shape);
graph.dispose();
}
/**
* 生成帶logo二維碼，並儲存到磁碟
* @param content 連結或者內容
* @param imgPath logo圖片
* @param destPath 儲存二維碼圖片的檔案路徑
* @param needCompress
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Boolean encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress,String random) throws Exception {
BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
if(image==null){
return false;
}
mkdirs(destPath);
String file = random + ".jpg";//生成隨機檔名
ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath + "/" + file));
return true;
}
public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
File file = new File(destPath);
// 當資料夾不存在時，mkdirs會自動建立多層目錄，區別於mkdir。(mkdir如果父目錄不存在則會丟擲異常)
if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
}
public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)
throws Exception {
BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
}
public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception {
QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);
}
/**
* 從二維碼中，解析資料
* @param file 二維碼圖片檔案
* @return 返回從二維碼中解析到的資料值
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {
BufferedImage image;
image = ImageIO.read(file);
if (image == null) {
return null;
}
BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Result result;
Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
String resultStr = result.getText();
return resultStr;
}
public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));
}
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
private static void createZxing() throws WriterException, IOException {
int width=300;
int hight=300;
String format="png";
String content="www.baidu.com";
HashMap hints=new HashMap();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);//糾錯等級L,M,Q,H
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2); //邊距
BitMatrix bitMatrix=new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, hight, hints);
Path file=(Path) new File("D:/download/imag.png").toPath();
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, (java.nio.file.Path) file);
}
private static void readZxing() throws IOException, NotFoundException {
MultiFormatReader read = new MultiFormatReader();
File file=new File("D:/download/imag.png");
BufferedImage image=ImageIO.read(file);
Binarizer binarizer=new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image));
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap=new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
Result res=read.decode(binaryBitmap);
System.out.println(res.toString());
System.out.println(res.getBarcodeFormat());
System.out.println(res.getText());
}
}
//根據內容生成二維碼
String imgPath = "/static/images/qrcode/";//生成的路徑
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(imgPath);//路徑整合
String code = "xxxxx";//生成的內容（可以是文字數字或者網址）
String imgName= code+".jpg";//生成二維碼圖片的名稱
String pathName = path+imgName;//生成的路徑名（儲存到資料庫的）
FileUtils.deleteFile(pathName);//呼叫檔案操作工具類刪除這個圖片（如果存在）
//呼叫工具類生成圖片（code:生成的內容；"jpg":生成的二維碼圖片格式；pathName:圖片生成的路徑；80：寬，高；1：二維碼周圍白邊的大小，如果不需要設為0，最大為5）
MatrixToImageWriter.Encode_QR_CODE(code, "jpg", pathName,80,80,1);
//如果需要生成帶logo的把工具類中註釋的LogoConfig去除，然後圖片給到