Kubernetes相關操作記錄
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-11
跟著學習操作了一遍，還不是很瞭解，先粗糙記錄下 參考並感謝 三臺ubuntu虛擬機器並安裝好了docker，後續的所有操作都是使用root賬戶。 虛擬機器具體資訊如下表：
| 系統型別 | IP地址 | 節點角色 | Hostname |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu16.04 | 168.174.135 | worker | server01 |
| ubuntu16.04 | 168.174.136 | master | server02 |
| ubuntu16.04 | 168.174.137 | worker | server03 |
kubectl version
kubectl get pods
kubectl run kubernetes-bootcamp --image=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1 --port=8080
kubectl get deployments
kubectl get pods -o wide
kubectl describe pods kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx
[email protected]:~# curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/default/pods/kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx/ Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx | v=1
擴縮容
[email protected]:~# kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 1 1 1 1 20m
擴容命令
kubectl scale deploy kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4
[email protected]rver02:~# kubectl scale deploy kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4 deployment "kubernetes-bootcamp" scaled
[email protected]:~# kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 4 4 4 2 21m
ContainerCreating中
[email protected]:~# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-4n9gd 1/1 Running 0 1m
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-c9d6q 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1m
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-txpfz 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1m
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx 1/1 Running 0 22m
[email protected]:~# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-4n9gd 1/1 Running 0 2m 172.20.40.193 192.168.174.137
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-c9d6q 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 2m <none> 192.168.174.135
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-txpfz 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 2m <none> 192.168.174.136
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx 1/1 Running 0 22m 172.20.40.192 192.168.174.137
[email protected]:~# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-4n9gd 1/1 Running 0 8m 172.20.40.193 192.168.174.137
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-c9d6q 1/1 Running 0 8m 172.20.188.0 192.168.174.135
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-txpfz 1/1 Running 0 8m 172.20.6.0 192.168.174.136
kubernetes-bootcamp-6b7849c495-z6mxx 1/1 Running 0 29m 172.20.40.192 192.168.174.137
縮容，則將replica減小即可
kubectl scale deploy kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=2
兩個pods在Terminating中
[email protected]:~# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-6glz5 1/1 Terminating 0 7m 172.20.40.194 192.168.174.137
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-8sb2m 1/1 Terminating 0 7m 172.20.188.2 192.168.174.135
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-ltcrd 1/1 Running 0 7m 172.20.6.1 192.168.174.136
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-psrsf 1/1 Running 0 7m 172.20.188.1 192.168.174.135
完成縮容
[email protected]:~# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-ltcrd 1/1 Running 0 8m 172.20.6.1 192.168.174.136
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-psrsf 1/1 Running 0 8m 172.20.188.1 192.168.174.135
更新映象
kubectl set image deploy kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
[email protected]:~# kubectl set image deploy kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
deployment "kubernetes-bootcamp" image updated
檢視更新結果 kubectl rollout status deploy kubernetes-bootcamp
[email protected]:~# kubectl rollout status deploy kubernetes-bootcamp
Waiting for rollout to finish: 3 of 4 updated replicas are available...
deployment "kubernetes-bootcamp" successfully rolled out
kubectl describe deploy 該命令可以檢視image的版本變為v2
回退更新
kubectl rollout undo deploy kubernetes-bootcamp
通過配置檔案來管理 /root/services/nginx-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.7.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
執行命令建立nginx pod kubectl create -f /root/services/nginx-pod.yaml
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl create -f /root/services/nginx-pod.yaml
pod "nginx" created
檢視;nginx在建立中ContainerCreating
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-ltcrd 1/1 Running 0 19m
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-psrsf 1/1 Running 0 19m
nginx 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 15s
訪問驗證 開啟一個kubectl proxy來訪問：驗證返回nginx的歡迎頁，驗證成功
[email protected]:~# curl http://localhost:8001/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/default/pods/nginx/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
建立一個nginx的deployment /root/services/nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 2
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.7.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl create -f /root/services/nginx-deployment.yaml
deployment "nginx-deployment" created
[email protected]:~/services#
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp 2 2 2 2 1h
nginx-deployment 2 2 2 1 15s
ContainerCreating中
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-ltcrd 1/1 Running 0 34m
kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-psrsf 1/1 Running 0 34m
nginx 1/1 Running 0 15m
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-44ndp 1/1 Running 0 1m
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-6nxww 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 1m
[email protected]:~/services#
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get pods -l app=nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-44ndp 1/1 Running 0 2m
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-6nxww 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 2m
兩個都執行起來了
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get pods -l app=nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-44ndp 1/1 Running 0 4m
nginx-deployment-6c54bd5869-6nxww 1/1 Running 0 4m
kube-proxy 安裝完成後，kubectl get services檢視有哪些服務
[email protected]:~# kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.68.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 3h
檢視這個service的詳細說明
kubectl describe service kubernetes
[email protected]:~# kubectl describe service kubernetes
Name: kubernetes
Namespace: default
Labels: component=apiserver
provider=kubernetes
Annotations: <none>
Selector: <none>
Type: ClusterIP
IP: 10.68.0.1
Port: https 443/TCP
TargetPort: 6443/TCP
Endpoints: 192.168.174.136:6443
Session Affinity: ClientIP
Events: <none>
kube-proxy有什麼方便
kubectl expose deploy kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --target-port=8080 --port=80
[email protected]:~# kubectl expose deploy kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --target-port=8080 --port=80
service "kubernetes-bootcamp" exposed
此時，多了一個service
[email protected]:~# kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.68.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 3h
kubernetes-bootcamp NodePort 10.68.70.33 <none> 80:34824/TCP 37s
[email protected]:~# curl 192.168.174.135:34824
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-ltcrd | v=2
[email protected]:~#
[email protected]:~#
[email protected]:~# curl 192.168.174.137:34824
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-7689dc585d-psrsf | v=2
[email protected]:~#
[email protected]:~# curl 192.168.174.136:34824
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 192.168.174.136 port 34824: Connection refused
指定NodePort nginx-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
spec:
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 80
nodePort: 20000
selector:
app: nginx
type: NodePort
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl create -f /root/services/nginx-service.yaml
service "nginx-service" created
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.68.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 3h
kubernetes-bootcamp NodePort 10.68.70.33 <none> 80:34824/TCP 11m
nginx-service NodePort 10.68.121.152 <none> 8080:20000/TCP 1m
service簡寫svc
[email protected]:~/services# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.68.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 3h
kubernetes-bootcamp NodePort 10.68.70.33 <none> 80:34824/TCP 12m
nginx-service NodePort 10.68.121.152 <none> 8080:20000/TCP 1m
訪問驗證
[email protected]:~# curl 192.168.174.135:20000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>