Spring Boot學習系列(五)------Thymeleaf
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-12
前言
在Web開發中,頁面是我們和使用者互動的主要方式,在以前SpringMVC的專案裡面,因為有tomcat容器的存在,我們可以使用jsp來返回頁面資料,現在我們使用了Spring Boot,它是預設不支援jsp的,所以我們可以選擇其他的模板引擎來使用,現在市面上,比較常用的模板引擎有:JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf,而Spring Boot官方推薦使用Thymeleaf來渲染頁面,所以本文我們來了解一下Thymeleaf的使用.
正文
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引入Thymeleaf
要在專案中使用Thymeleaf,只需要在pom.xml檔案中引入它的maven座標即可:
<
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Thymeleaf的使用
使用Thymeleaf模板,只要把HTML頁面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自動渲染;
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在HTML頁面中引入Thymeleaf的名稱空間:
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
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使用Thymeleaf的語法來顯示資料:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF‐8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>成功!</h1> <!‐‐th:text 將div裡面的文字內容設定為 ‐‐> <div th:text="${hello}">這是顯示歡迎資訊</div> </body> </html>
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Thymeleaf的語法規則
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th:text
改變當前元素裡面的文字內容,不僅僅是text,只要使用
th:任意HTML元素
都能替換原來原生的屬性值所有的th標籤可以檢視官方文件,這裡值列舉一點:
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表示式
Simple expressions:(表示式語法) Variable Expressions: ${...}:獲取變數值;OGNL; 1)、獲取物件的屬性、呼叫方法 2)、使用內建的基本物件: #ctx : the context object. #vars: the context variables. #locale : the context locale. #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object. ${session.foo} 3)、內建的一些工具物件: #execInfo : information about the template being processed. #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax. #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any). #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc. #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects. #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects. #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc. #objects : methods for objects in general. #bools : methods for boolean evaluation. #arrays : methods for arrays. #lists : methods for lists. #sets : methods for sets. #maps : methods for maps. #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections. #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration). Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:選擇表示式:和${}在功能上是一樣; 補充:配合 th:object="${session.user}: <div th:object="${session.user}"> <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> </div> Message Expressions: #{...}:獲取國際化內容 Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定義URL; @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')} Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表示式 <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div> Literals(字面量) Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,… Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,… Boolean literals: true , false Null literal: null Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,… Text operations:(文字操作) String concatenation: + Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}| Arithmetic operations:(數學運算) Binary operators: + , ‐ , * , / , % Minus sign (unary operator): ‐ Boolean operations:(布林運算) Binary operators: and , or Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not Comparisons and equality:(比較運算) Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le ) Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne ) Conditional operators:條件運算(三元運算子) If‐then: (if) ? (then) If‐then‐else: (if) ? (then) : (else) Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue) Special tokens: No‐Operation: _
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總結
基本上,Thymeaf的常用的標籤和語法,都可以在這裡查到,還有其他的用法,可以檢視官方的文件,可以看到Thymeleaf的功能還是十分強大的,除了Thymeleaf模板,其他的模板使用也是大同小異~