ElasticSearch實踐系列(二)：探索叢集
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-12
前言
為了方便ELK的逐步搭建，我們本篇文章先安裝Kibana,然後用Kibana的DevTols執行命令。也可以安裝elasticsearch-head執行命令。
安裝Kibana
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-6.4.1-x86_64.rpm
sudo rpm --install kibana-6.4.1-x86_64.rpm
更新配置資訊
vi /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
將elasticsearch.url: "http://127.0.0.1:9200"
sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable kibana.service
sudo systemctl start kibana.service
sudo systemctl stop kibana.service
sudo systemctl status kibana
狀態資訊Active是：active (running) 的時候，就是成功了。
[[email protected] /]# systemctl status kibana
● kibana.service - Kibana
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/kibana.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-09-28 18:35:41 CST; 20h ago
Main PID: 1474 (node)
CGroup: /system.slice/kibana.service
└─1474 /usr/share/kibana/bin/../node/bin/node --no-warnings /usr/share/kibana/bin/../src/cli -c /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
Sep 29 15:23:52 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:23:52Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:24:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:24:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:24:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:24:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r.../plain, */
Sep 29 15:24:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:24:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:25:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:25:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:25:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:25:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r.../plain, */
Sep 29 15:25:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:25:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:26:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:26:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:26:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:26:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r...plain, */*
Sep 29 15:26:53 izwz9fwifc2eniq3lbdzmgz kibana[1474]: {"type":"response","@timestamp":"2018-09-29T07:26:53Z","tags":[],"pid":1474,"method":"post","statusCode":200,"r.../plain, */
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
探索叢集
群集健康
要檢查叢集執行情況，我們可以使用_catApi工具。通過使用curl或其他HTTP Restful客戶端工具可以執行執行。
[[email protected] /]# curl http://localhost:9200/_cat/health?v
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1538204636 15:03:56 elasticsearch yellow 1 1 16 16 0 0 15 0 - 51.6%
或者通過Kibana控制檯
image.png
檢查叢集時，我們會獲得三個狀態：
- 綠色 - 一切都很好（叢集功能齊全）
- 黃色 - 所有資料均可用，但尚未分配一些副本（群集功能齊全）
- 紅色 - 某些資料由於某種原因不可用（群集部分功能）
注意：當群集為紅色時，它將繼續提供來自可用分片的搜尋請求，但您可能需要儘快修復它，因為存在未分配的分片
節點
Get /_cat/nodes?v
[[email protected] kibana]# curl http://localhost:9200/_cat/nodes
172.18.235.220 12 97 1 0.00 0.01 0.05 mdi * JRtCfH7
這裡我們看到JRtCfH7的單節點，它是我們叢集中當前的單個節點。
建立索引
利用Kibana的DevTools輸入指令
PUT /best3?pretty
#! Deprecation: the default number of shards will change from [5] to [1] in 7.0.0; if you wish to continue using the default of [5] shards, you must manage this on the create index request or with an index template
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "best3"
}
列出所有索引
Get /_cat/indices?v
green open .kibana qCbYeswVT2WCogz_E9Y3Ag 1 0 1 0 4kb 4kb
yellow open index 3BGZ895tTNa8qtM_nA3YmA 5 1 1 0 4.4kb 4.4kb
yellow open customer2 VyIXSBK6R9yHNYNDlsni3A 5 1 0 0 1.2kb 1.2kb
yellow open customerc Nbglz5hbRO28jyt_XyPNTA 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open cust xuYth97RShixNtgNpbyxBA 5 1 1 0 4.4kb 4.4kb
yellow open customer x57uWBR3Rg-w2_Dz7Djduw 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open customerf osKgtSLxTPKblJW7mrmO0Q 5 1 1 0 5.1kb 5.1kb
yellow open customerb 80DoY8e3RtinVNV4VGU4Cg 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open customer3 101ZzeNmRuCn9d_NOx5oZg 5 1 0 0 1.2kb 1.2kb
yellow open customere p2BWLci9Qz-1VnOh0vSSQA 5 1 2 0 7.6kb 7.6kb
yellow open best3 1PDN1mjCTCuq3zfHu2kA0g 5 1 0 0 1.1kb 1.1kb
索引和查詢文件
Elasticsearch在您將文件編入索引之前不需要先顯式建立索引,如果索引不存在，則會自動建立索引。我們建立一個簡單的文件，索引到best3索引中，Id為1，如下：
PUT /best3/_doc/1?pretty{"name": "John Doe"}
返回：
{
"_index": "best3",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
查詢：
GET /best3/_doc/1?
返回：
{
"_index": "best3",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"name": "John Doe"
}
}
刪除索引
DELETE /best3?pretty
GET /_cat/indices?v
返回：
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green open .kibana qCbYeswVT2WCogz_E9Y3Ag 1 0 1 0 4kb 4kb
yellow open index 3BGZ895tTNa8qtM_nA3YmA 5 1 1 0 4.4kb 4.4kb
yellow open customer2 VyIXSBK6R9yHNYNDlsni3A 5 1 0 0 1.2kb 1.2kb
yellow open customerc Nbglz5hbRO28jyt_XyPNTA 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open cust xuYth97RShixNtgNpbyxBA 5 1 1 0 4.4kb 4.4kb
yellow open customer x57uWBR3Rg-w2_Dz7Djduw 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open customerf osKgtSLxTPKblJW7mrmO0Q 5 1 1 0 5.1kb 5.1kb
yellow open customerb 80DoY8e3RtinVNV4VGU4Cg 5 1 1 0 4.5kb 4.5kb
yellow open customer3 101ZzeNmRuCn9d_NOx5oZg 5 1 0 0 1.2kb 1.2kb
yellow open customere p2BWLci9Qz-1VnOh0vSSQA 5 1 2 0 7.6kb 7.6kb
修改資料
使用Put指定相同的ID時，Es會用新資料覆蓋原有資料。不同ID時，則會對新文件編制索引，並且索引中已有的現有文件保持不變。不指定ID時，需要使用Post,Es會自動生成隨機ID。
POST /best3/_doc?pretty{"name": "Jane Doe"}
更新文件
POST /best3/_doc/1/_update?pretty{"doc": { "name": "Jane Doe", "age": 20 }}
根據指令碼更新
POST /best3/_doc/1/_update?pretty{"script" : "ctx._source.age += 5"}
刪除文件
DELETE /best3/_doc/2?pretty
批量處理
POST /best3/_doc/_bulk?pretty{"index":{"_id":"1"}}{"name": "John Doe" }{"index":{"_id":"2"}}{"name": "Jane Doe" }參考批量處理
總結
本篇依據官網，實踐叢集的基本命令。感謝觀看。有興趣的朋友，可以在 http://www.weixinhe.cn:5601 試驗。