1. 程式人生 > >Hibernate(IDEA) —— 搭建Hibernate專案

Hibernate(IDEA) —— 搭建Hibernate專案

1、新增依賴

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>4.3.18.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
      <!--log4j 日誌包 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.17</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.25</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.25</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--Spring 框架核心庫 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- Spring Web -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- cglib -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>cglib</groupId>
          <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.7</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- aspectJ AOP 織入器 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
          <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.6</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
          <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.5</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--Spring java 資料庫訪問包,主要用於提供資料來源 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- Hibernate -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
          <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
          <version>5.3.6.Final</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
          <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
          <version>5.3.6.Final</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--c3p0 連線池 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
          <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
          <version>0.9.5.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--mysql 資料庫驅動 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.46</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- struts2 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
          <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.17</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
          <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.17</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- servlet-api -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.1</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!-- jsp-api -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.0</version>
          <scope>provided</scope></dependency>
      <!-- jstl -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>

2、新增log4j.properties配置

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console
log4j.logger.org.springframework.beans.factory=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.s=console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.org.apache=INFO

3、新增applicationContext.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--掃描類包以啟動註解驅動的 Bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.etc" />
    <!-- 定義資料來源 -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--掃描基於 JPA 註解實體類包-->
        <property name="packagesToScan">
            <list>
                <value>com.etc.entity</value>
            </list>
        </property><property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssh</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.username">root</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.password">1234</prop>
            <prop key="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.c3p0.internal.C3P0ConnectionProvider</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
    </bean>
    <!--定義 HibernateTemplate-->
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置 Hibernate 事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 開啟註解式事務管理 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

4、建立資料庫表,資料庫名為ssh

create table t_department
(
id bigint not null auto_increment,
dept_name varchar(20) not null,
remark varchar(200) null,
primary key(id)
);
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('總管理部','負責綜合管理工作');
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('開發部','負責軟體的研發工作');
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('人事部','負責人事管理工作');
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('財務部','負責財務管理工作');
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('市場部','負責市場開拓工作');
insert into t_department(dept_name,remark) values('測試部','負責軟體的測試工作');
create table t_user
(
id bigint not null auto_increment,
user_no varchar(20) not null, #賬號
user_name varchar(20) not null, #使用者名稱
password varchar(20) not null,#密碼
birthday date null,#生日
hire_date date null, #入職日期
department_id bigint null, #所在部門
active_flag smallint default 1,#是否有效,預設為有效
primary key(id)
);
-- 增加外來鍵約束
alter table t_user add constraint fk_department_id foreign key (department_id) references
t_department(id)  ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ;
insert into t_user(id,user_no,user_name,password,department_id) values(1,'admin','管理員
','123456',1);

5、IDEA中連線資料庫

單擊“Download”下載驅動,下載驅動後,即可進行連線測試:

 

單擊“OK”,IDEA 右側顯示“database”檢視:

6、反向工程 生成實體類

也可以通過 View->Tool Windows->Persitence,顯示 Persitence 視窗 選擇專案,右鍵-->Add Frameworks Support-->勾選  Hibernate-->勾選Import database schema-->OK

選擇好data source,點選package,建立一個新包,比如 com.etc.entity

選擇資料庫中的表和Session Factory,生成實體類 檢視生成的實體類資訊

JPA 提供的四種標準用法為 TABLE,SEQUENCE,IDENTITY,AUTO。 TABLE:使用一個特定的資料庫表格來儲存主鍵。 SEQUENCE:根據底層資料庫的序列來生成主鍵,條件是資料庫支援序列。 IDENTITY:主鍵由資料庫自動生成(主要是自動增長型)。 AUTO:主鍵由程式控制。 對實體類id新增如下: 

@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

如何再次生成實體類

7、建立 Dao 基類 

package com.etc.dao;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.List;


public class BaseDao<T> {
    private Class<T> entityClass;

    @Autowired
    private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

    //通過反射獲取子類確定的泛型類
    public BaseDao() {
        Type genType = getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
        Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments();
        entityClass = (Class) params[0];
    }

    @Transactional
    public T load(Serializable id) {
        return (T) hibernateTemplate.load(entityClass, id);
    }

    public T get(Serializable id) {
        return (T) hibernateTemplate.get(entityClass, id);
    }

    public List<T> loadAll() {
        return hibernateTemplate.loadAll(entityClass);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void save(T entity) {
        hibernateTemplate.save(entity);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void update(T entity) {
        hibernateTemplate.update(entity);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void saveOrUpdate(T entity) {
        hibernateTemplate.saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void delete(T entity) {
        hibernateTemplate.delete(entity);
    }

    public List find(String hql) {
        return hibernateTemplate.find(hql);
    }

    public List find(String hql, Object... params) {
        return hibernateTemplate.find(hql, params);
    }

    public void initialize(Object entity) {
        hibernateTemplate.initialize(entity);
    }

    public HibernateTemplate getHibernateTemplate() {
        return hibernateTemplate;
    }

}

8、建立 UserDao  

package com.etc.dao;

import com.etc.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class UserDao extends  BaseDao<User> {
    public List<User> queryByUsernoAndPwd(String userNo,String password){
        //String hql = "from User where userNo = ?0 and password = ?1 and activeFlag = 1";
        //在使用者表中通過active_flag欄位來體現使用者是否有效
        String hql = "from User where userNo = ?0 and password = ?1";
        return (List<User>)find(hql,userNo,password);
    }
}

9、測試

package com.etc.dao;

import com.etc.entity.User;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

public class TestUserDao {
    private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Before
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("init is completed");
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        userDao = context.getBean(UserDao.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testQueryByUsernoAndPwd(){
        List<User> users = userDao.queryByUsernoAndPwd("admin","123456");
        System.out.println(users);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoad(){
       User user = userDao.load(1L);
       System.out.println(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet(){
        User user = userDao.get(2L);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testInsert(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserNo("test2");
        user.setUserName("測試人員2");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        userDao.save(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoadAll(){
        List<User> users = userDao.loadAll();
        System.out.println(users);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        //User user = userDao.get(3L);
        //user.setPassword("654321");
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(3L);
        user.setUserNo("test3");
        user.setUserName("測試人員3");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        userDao.update(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSaveOrUpdate(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(10L);
        user.setUserNo("test31");
        user.setUserName("測試人員31");
        user.setPassword("1234567");
        userDao.saveOrUpdate(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete(){
        User user = userDao.get(4L);
        userDao.delete(user);
    }

    @After
    public void after(){
        System.out.println("context is free");
        context.close();
    }
}