Docker系列之二：Docker 入門
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-17
啟動和停止Docker 服務
sudo service docker stop
systemctl stop docker.service
sudo service docker start
systemctl start docker.service檢視docker 的基本資訊
docker info執行容器，-i表示容器中STDIN是開啟的，-t表示為容器分配一個偽終端，使用 -i -t來申請一個控制檯同容器進行資料互動，-d表示Detached，容器將會執行在後臺模式(Detached mode)，--name表示容器的名稱。
[email protected]:~# docker run -i -t -d -p 5001:80 --name mytest nginx b652f143b1000414507d67e5ca61ef87ec7cdc2497e289be52b40f48396dc5b3[email protected]:~# curl localhost:5001 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
檢視當前執行的的容器，使用docker ps -a 檢視所有的容器，包括停止執行的容器
[email protected]:~# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b652f143b100 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 23 seconds ago Up 22 seconds 0.0.0.0:5001->80/tcp mytest
停止正在執行的容器
[email protected]:~# docker stop mytest
mytest
啟用已經停止的容器
[email protected]:~# docker start mytest
mytest
重新附著到容器的會話上，開啟另一個命令列訪問curl localhost:5001，會看到下面多出一條記錄。
[email protected]:~# docker attach mytest
172.17.0.1 - - [26/Oct/2018:03:44:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
獲取守護式容器的日誌， 使用-f 引數來監控Docker的日誌，這與tail -f命令很相似。-t為每條日誌加上時間戳。
[email protected]:~# docker logs -f mytest
172.17.0.1 - - [26/Oct/2018:03:44:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
[email protected]:~# docker logs -ft mytest
2018-10-26T03:43:07.344823460Z
2018-10-26T03:44:05.704135551Z 172.17.0.1 - - [26/Oct/2018:03:44:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
檢視容器內的所有程序
[email protected]:~# docker top mytest
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 18313 18295 0 11:52 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
systemd+ 18353 18313 0 11:52 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
在容器內執行互動命令
[email protected]:~# docker exec -it mytest /bin/bash
[email protected]:/# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[email protected]:/# hostname
b652f143b100
[email protected]:/# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.2 b652f143b100
[email protected]:/#
從容器中退出，直接輸入exit
自動重啟容器，如果容器因某種錯誤導致容器停止，它會自動重啟該容器。 --restart=on-failure:5 表示嘗試自動重啟該容器，最多重啟5次。
[email protected]:~# docker run --restart=always --name daemon_dave -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
05d4714e972dc927d2df3b38518122fe4d21256f36c795ffcc5baa893b960d1c
檢視容器詳細資訊
[email protected]:~# docker inspect daemon_dave
[
{
"Id": "05d4714e972dc927d2df3b38518122fe4d21256f36c795ffcc5baa893b960d1c",
"Created": "2018-10-26T04:00:58.713053368Z",
"Path": "/bin/sh",
"Args": [
"-c",
"while true;do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 18546,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2018-10-26T04:00:59.092799529Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:452a96d81c30a1e426bc250428263ac9ca3f47c9bf086f876d11cb39cf57aeec",
.......................刪除容器，後面加 -f 強制刪除正在執行的容器。
[email protected]:~# docker rm mytest
mytest
刪除所有容器， -a 表示所有容器，-q表示只返回容器的ID, -f表示強制刪除。
[email protected]:~# docker rm $(docker ps -aq) -f
05d4714e972d
357ed7363dcf
5a1058f58d59