PHP學習練手(十二)
傳送電子郵件
函式:
1、傳送郵件函式: (subject中不能包含換行符;正文中每一行的長度都不能超過70,故用wordwrap函式進行隔斷)
mail(to, subject, body, [headers])
2、字串隔斷函式
wordwrap(string, len)
程式碼:
email.php:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Contact Me</title>
</head >
<body>
<h1>Contact Me</h1>
<?php
if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST')
{
if(!empty($_POST['name']) && !($_POST['email']) && !empty($_POST['comments']))
{
$body = "Name: {$_POST['name']}\n\nComments: {$_POST['comments']}" ;
//字元截斷
$body = Wordwrap($body, 70);
mail('[email protected]', 'Contact From Submission', $body, "From:{$_POST['email']}");
echo '<p><em>Thank you for contacting me. I will reply some day.</em></p>';
$_POST =array() ; //將$_POST清空
}else{
echo '<p style="font-weight: bold; color: #C00"></p>';
}
}
?>
<p>Please fill out this form to contact me.</p>
<form action="email.php" method="post">
<p>Name: <input type="text" name="name" size="30" maxlength="60" value="<?php if(isset($_POST['name'])) echo $_POST['name']; ?>" /></p>
<p>Email Address: <input type="text" name="name" size="30" maxlength="80" value="<?php if(isset($_POST['email'])) echo $_POST['email']; ?>" /></p>
<p>Comments: <textarea name="comments" rows="5" cols="30"><?php if(isset($_POST['comments'])) echo $_POST['comments']; ?></textarea></p>
<p><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Send!" /></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
執行:
處理檔案上傳
準備工作:
必須正確地設定PHP
必須有一個臨時儲存目錄,它具有正確的許可權
- 必須有一個最終儲存目錄,它具有正確的許可權
注:與htdocs在同一級目錄下,這樣更安全
表單必要語法條件:
<form enctype="multipart" action="script.php" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="30000" />
File <input type="file" name="upload" />
</form>
初始表單標籤的enctype部分指示表單能夠處理多種型別的資料,包括檔案。如果想接受檔案上傳,就必須包括enctype! 提交表單必須使用POST方式。MAX_FILE_SIZE 隱藏輸入框是一種表單限制元素,用於限制所選的檔案可以有多大(以位元組為單位),它必須出現在檔案輸入框之前。file輸入框型別將在表單中建立合適的按鈕
函式:
從臨時目錄轉移到永久目錄:
move_uploaded_file()
函式搜尋陣列中是否存在指定的值:
in_array()
檔案超全域性變數:
$_FILES
檢查檔案或目錄是否存在:
file_exists()
查指定的檔名是否是正常的檔案:
is_files()
刪除檔案:
unlink()
程式碼:
upload_image.php:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Upload an Image</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php #Script 11.2 - upload_image.php
if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST')
{
if(isset($_FILES['upload']))
{
//允許的圖片格式
$allowed = array('image/pjpeg', 'image/jpeg', 'image/JPG', 'image/X-PNG', 'image/png', 'image/x-png');
if(in_array($_FILES['upload']['type'], $allowed))
{
$name = $_FILES['upload']['name'];
//解決檔名中文亂碼問題
$name = iconv("UTF-8","gb2312", $name);
if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload']['tmp_name'], "../../../../uploads/$name"))
{
echo '<p><em>The file has been upload!</em></p>';
}
}else{
echo '<p>Please upload a JPEG or PNG image</p>';
}
}
if($_FILES['upload']['error'] > 0)
{
echo '<p style="font-weight: bold; color: #C00">The file could not be uploaded because: <strong>';
switch ($_FILES['upload']['error']) {
case 1:
print 'The file exceeds the upload_max_filesize setting in php.ini';
break;
case 2:
print 'The file exceeds the MAX_FILE_SIZE setting in the HTML form.';
break;
case 3:
print 'The file was only partially upload.';
break;
case 4:
print 'No File was upload.';
break;
case 6:
print 'No temporary folder was available.';
break;
case 7:
print 'Unable to write to the disk.';
break;
case 8:
print 'File upload stopped.';
break;
default:
print 'A system error occurred.';
break;
}
print '</strong></p>';
}
//若臨時檔案依然存在,則刪除臨時檔案
if(file_exists($_FILES['upload']['tmp_name']) && is_file($_FILES['upload']['tmp_name']))
{
unlink($_FILES['upload']['tmp_name']);
}
}
?>
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="upload_image.php" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="534288" />
<fieldset><legend>Select a JPEG or PNG image of 512KB or smaller to be uploaded: </legend>
<p><b>File: </b><input type="file" name="upload" /></p>
</fieldset>
<div align="center"><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" /></div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
執行前uploads資料夾為空:
上傳圖片後:
當載入bmp檔案時:
當不載入任何圖片檔案時:
處理檔案上傳之PHP與JS
函式:
返回一個數組,其中包含指定路徑中的檔案和目錄:
scandir()
返回字串的一部分:
substr()
函式用於獲取影象尺寸,型別等資訊:
getimagesize()
把所有字元轉換為小寫:
strtolower()
返回指定檔案的大小:
filesize()
該函式讀入一個檔案並寫入到輸出緩衝:
readfile()
設定用於一個指令碼中所有日期時間函式的預設時區:
date_default_timezone_set()
函式用於對日期或時間進行格式化:
date()
程式碼:
function.js:
//Script 11.3 - function.js
function create_window(image, width, height)
{
width = width + 10;
height = height + 10;
if(window.popup && window.popup.closed)
{
window.popup.resizeTo(width, height);
}
var specs = "location=no, scrollbars=no, menubars=no, resizeable=yes, left=0, top=0, width=" + width + ", height=" + height;
var url="show_image.php?image="+image;
popup = window.open(url, "ImageWindow", specs);
popup.focus();
}
images.php:
注:此處省略PHP的結束標籤。因為不經意在PHP的結束標籤後面加了多餘的空格或空行時,瀏覽器可能無法顯示圖片(因為瀏覽器接受到與Content-Length頭匹配的X長度的影象資料後,還會多接受一點多餘的資料)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Images</title>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="../JS/function.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<p>Click on an image to view it in a separate window.</p>
<ul>
<?php #Script 11.4 - image.php
$dir = "../../../../uploads";
$files = scandir($dir);
foreach ($files as $image) {
//substr()返回字串的一部分
if(substr($image, 0, 1) != '.')
{
$image_size = getimagesize("$dir/$image");
$image_true_name = iconv("gb2312", "utf-8", $image);
$image_name = urlencode($image_true_name);
echo "<li><a href=\"javascript:create_window('$image_true_name', $image_size[0], $image_size[1])\">$image_true_name</a></li>\n";
}
}
?>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
show_image.php:
<?php
$name = false;
if(isset($_GET['image']))
{
$ext = strtolower(substr($_GET['image'], -4));
if(($ext == '.jpg') OR ($ext == 'jpeg') OR ($ext == '.png'))
{
$image_true_name = iconv("UTF-8","gb2312", $_GET['image']);
$image="../../../../uploads/$image_true_name";
//echo $image;
//$image = "../../../../uploads/{$_GET['image']}";
//echo $image;
if(file_exists($image) && is_file($image))
{
$name = $_GET['image'];
}
}
}
if(!$name)
{
$image = 'images/unavailable.png';
$name = 'unavailable.png';
}
$info = getimagesize($image);
$fs = filesize($image);
//傳送資訊頭:
header ("Content-type: {$info['mime']}\n");
header ("Content-Disposition: inline; filename=\"$name\"\n");
header ("Content-Length: $fs\n");
readfile($image);
執行:
images1.php:(對images.php的增強)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Images</title>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="../JS/function.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<p>Click on an image to view it in a separate window.</p>
<ul>
<?php #Script 11.6 - image1.php
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); //中國標準時間
$dir = "../../../../uploads";
$files = scandir($dir);
foreach ($files as $image) {
//substr()返回字串的一部分
if(substr($image, 0, 1) != '.')
{
$image_size = getimagesize("$dir/$image");
$file_size = round((filesize("$dir/$image")) / 1024)."kb";
$image_date = date("F d, Y H:i:s", filemtime("$dir/$image"));
$image_true_name = iconv("gb2312", "utf-8", $image);
$image_name = urlencode($image_true_name);
echo "<li><a href=\"javascript:create_window('$image_true_name', $image_size[0], $image_size[1])\">$image_true_name</a> $file_size ($image_date)</li>\n";
}
}
?>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
執行: