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Unity Excel 檔案讀取和寫入

但是在使用的過程中還是碰到了不少的問題,在這裡總結一下,希望能對看到此處的朋友一個幫助。

1.Excel的讀取

Excel檔案

需要新增的名稱空間

using Excel;

讀取方法

using UnityEngine;
using Excel;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ExcelAccess
{
    public static string Excel = "Book";

    //查詢menu表
    public static List<Menu> SelectMenuTable()
    {
        string excelName = Excel + ".xlsx";
        string sheetName = "sheet1";
        DataRowCollection collect = ExcelAccess.ReadExcel(excelName, sheetName);

        List<Menu> menuArray = new List<Menu>();
        for (int i = 1; i < collect.Count; i++)
        {
            if (collect[i][1].ToString() == "") continue;

            Menu menu = new Menu
            {
                m_Id = collect[i][0].ToString(),
                m_level = collect[i][1].ToString(),
                m_parentId = collect[i][2].ToString(),
                m_name = collect[i][3].ToString()
            };
            menuArray.Add(menu);
        }
        return menuArray;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 讀取 Excel ; 需要新增 Excel.dll; System.Data.dll;
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelName">excel檔名</param>
    /// <param name="sheetName">sheet名稱</param>
    /// <returns>DataRow的集合</returns>
    static DataRowCollection ReadExcel(string excelName,string sheetName)
    {
        string path= Application.dataPath + "/" + excelName;
        FileStream stream = File.Open(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
        IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(stream);

        DataSet result = excelReader.AsDataSet();
        //int columns = result.Tables[0].Columns.Count;
        //int rows = result.Tables[0].Rows.Count;

        //tables可以按照sheet名獲取,也可以按照sheet索引獲取
        //return result.Tables[0].Rows;
        return result.Tables[sheetName].Rows;
    }
}

這裡邏輯很簡單,如果有不懂得可以上Excel的文件裡去看,但是這個Excel的庫有一個限制,就是只能讀不能寫,並且只能在編輯器下用,如果打包出來載入時會報空指標異常,原因就不清楚了。

所以建議大家,讓策劃把Excel寫好後,在編輯器下讀取後用Unity 的ScriptableObject 類儲存成Asset檔案,可以在執行時更方便的讀取。

ScriptableObject 使用

下面給出我的實現方式,大家可以根據自己實體類來寫這個BookHolder;

1.編寫BookHolder類

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;

/// <summary>
/// 基於ScriptObject的BookHolder類
/// </summary>
public class BookHolder : ScriptableObject
{
    public List<Menu> menus;
}
/// <summary>
/// 選單實體類
/// </summary>
[System.Serializable]
public class Menu
{
    public string m_Id;
    public string m_level;
    public string m_parentId;
    public string m_name;
}

2.新建編輯器指令碼,製作xxx.asset檔案。

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;

/// <summary>
/// 利用ScriptableObject建立資原始檔
/// </summary>
public class BuildAsset : Editor {

    [MenuItem("BuildAsset/Build Scriptable Asset")]
    public static void ExcuteBuild()
    {
        BookHolder holder = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<BookHolder>();

        //查詢excel表中資料,賦值給asset檔案
        holder.menus = ExcelAccess.SelectMenuTable();

        string path= "Assets/Resources/booknames.asset";

        AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(holder, path);
        AssetDatabase.Refresh();

        Debug.Log("BuildAsset Success!");
    }
}


3.xxx.asset檔案讀取

using UnityEngine;

/// <summary>
/// 讀取booknames的scriptObject檔案
/// 使用Resources直接讀取
/// </summary>
public class ReadHolders : MonoBehaviour {
    readonly string assetName = "booknames";

	void Start ()
    {
        BookHolder asset = Resources.Load<BookHolder>(assetName);
        foreach (Menu gd in asset.menus)
        {
            Debug.Log(gd.m_Id);
            Debug.Log(gd.m_level);
            Debug.Log(gd.m_parentId);
            Debug.Log(gd.m_name);
        }
    }
}


好了,Excel的讀取就到這裡。接下來講一下Excel 的寫入,怎麼生成一個Excel檔案,並把陣列或字典中的資料寫入Excel中呢?

2.Excel 的寫入

使用方法在官方的文件中都有,這裡只貼出我的實現方式。

需要新增的名稱空間

using OfficeOpenXml;

寫入方法

    /// <summary>
    /// 寫入 Excel ; 需要新增 OfficeOpenXml.dll;
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="excelName">excel檔名</param>
    /// <param name="sheetName">sheet名稱</param>
    public static void WriteExcel(string excelName, string sheetName)
    {
        //通過面板設定excel路徑
        //string outputDir = EditorUtility.SaveFilePanel("Save Excel", "", "New Resource", "xlsx");

        //自定義excel的路徑
        string path = Application.dataPath + "/" + excelName;
        FileInfo newFile = new FileInfo(path);
        if (newFile.Exists)
        {
            //建立一個新的excel檔案
            newFile.Delete();
            newFile = new FileInfo(path);
        }

        //通過ExcelPackage開啟檔案
        using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(newFile))
        {
            //在excel空檔案新增新sheet
            ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(sheetName);
            //新增列名
            worksheet.Cells[1, 1].Value = "ID";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 2].Value = "Product";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 3].Value = "Quantity";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 4].Value = "Price";
            worksheet.Cells[1, 5].Value = "Value";

            //新增一行資料
            worksheet.Cells["A2"].Value = 12001;
            worksheet.Cells["B2"].Value = "Nails";
            worksheet.Cells["C2"].Value = 37;
            worksheet.Cells["D2"].Value = 3.99;
            //新增一行資料
            worksheet.Cells["A3"].Value = 12002;
            worksheet.Cells["B3"].Value = "Hammer";
            worksheet.Cells["C3"].Value = 5;
            worksheet.Cells["D3"].Value = 12.10;
            //新增一行資料
            worksheet.Cells["A4"].Value = 12003;
            worksheet.Cells["B4"].Value = "Saw";
            worksheet.Cells["C4"].Value = 12;
            worksheet.Cells["D4"].Value = 15.37;

            //儲存excel
            package.Save();
        }
    }


把上面的資料換成你自己的陣列和字典遍歷就OK 了。好了,今天的課程就到這裡,歡迎大神指教啊

由於大家遇到問題較多,特附上工程地址