Docker建立mysql映象
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-26
下載檔案
到 Dockerpool 的 github 頁面下載需要的檔案。
$ git clone https://github.com/DockerPool/mysql.git Cloning into 'mysql'... remote: Counting objects: 13, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (13/13), done. remote: Total 13 (delta 1), reused 8 (delta 0) Unpacking objects: 100% (13/13), done. Checking connectivity... done. $ cd mysql $ ls create_db.sh Dockerfile import_sql.sh LICENSE my.cnf mysqld_charset.cnf README.md run.sh
建立映象
根據 Dockerfile 建立映象。（刪除部分輸出內容用...表示）
$ sudo docker build mysql . Sending build context to Docker daemon 95.23 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM sshd ---> 312c93647dc3 Step 1 :MAINTAINER Waitfish <[email protected]> ---> Running in a149f8a7933f ---> edbbfe8b4895 Removing intermediate container a149f8a7933f Step 2 : ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive ---> Running in e80cbb29cadb ---> 81fc6101a236 Removing intermediate container e80cbb29cadb Step 3 :RUN apt-get update && apt-get -yq install mysql-server-5.6 pwgen && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* ---> Running in 5d220fe833c2 ... Removing intermediate container 3c3254e8cc1e Successfully built f008f97bdc14 [email protected]:~/mysql$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE mysql latest f008f97bdc14 About a minute ago 539.1 MB
使用示範：
不新增環境變數，使用預設方式啟動容器，並對映 22 3306埠。
$ sudo docker run -d -P mysql
檢查容器程序啟動情況。
$ sudo docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES eef1632ccd4e mysql:latest "/run.sh" 8 seconds ago Up 8 seconds 0.0.0.0:49153->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49154->3306/tcp angry_einstein $ ssh 127.0.0.1 -p 49153 The authenticity of host '[127.0.0.1]:49153 ([127.0.0.1]:49153)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is db:35:7a:60:2d:11:d5:97:5a:e6:84:a6:95:f0:4f:32. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '[127.0.0.1]:49153' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. Welcome to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.2.0-54-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. [email protected]:~# ps -ef |grep mysql root 1 0 0 20:14 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe mysql 1974 1 0 20:14 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock --port=3306 root 2022 2010 0 20:15 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
Mysql 的 root 使用者預設沒有密碼只能本地訪問。
mysql> select host, user, password from mysql.user; +--------------+-------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +--------------+-------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | | | eef1632ccd4e | root | | | 127.0.0.1 | root | | | ::1 | root | | | localhost | | | | eef1632ccd4e | | | | % | admin | *ADDD6793DD97A040C9B039F72682E5AA31A92C35 | +--------------+-------+-------------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
擁有遠端訪問許可權的 admin 使用者的密碼，可以使用 docker logs + id 來獲取。
$ sudo docker logs eef => An empty or uninitialized MySQL volume is detected in /var/lib/mysql => Installing MySQL ... => Done! => Creating admin user ... => Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying 0/13 ... => Creating MySQL user admin with random password => Done! ======================================================================== You can now connect to this MySQL Server using: mysql -uadmin -pt1FWuDCgQicT -h<host> -P<port> Please remember to change the above password as soon as possible! MySQL user 'root' has no password but only allows local connections ======================================================================== 141106 20:14:21 mysqld_safe Can't log to error log and syslog at the same time. Remove all --log-error configuration options for --syslog to take effect. 141106 20:14:21 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysql/error.log'. 141106 20:14:21 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
上面的 t1FWuDCgQicT 就是 admin 的密碼。
給 admin 使用者指定使用者名稱和密碼
$ sudo docker run -d -P -e MYSQL_PASS="mypass" mysql
1b32444ebb7232f885961faa15fb1a052ca93b81c308cc41d16bd3d276c77d75
將宿主主機的資料夾掛載到容器的資料庫資料夾
預設情況資料庫的資料庫檔案和日誌檔案都會存在容器的 AUFS 層，這不僅使得容器變得越來越臃腫，不便於遷移、備份等管理，而且資料庫的 IOPS 也會受到影響。
$ docker run -d -P -v /opt/mysqldb:/var/lib/mysql mysql
這樣，容器就會將資料檔案和日誌檔案都放到你指定的 主機目錄下面。
$ tree /opt/mysqldb/ /opt/mysqldb/ |-- auto.cnf |-- ib_logfile0 |-- ib_logfile1 |-- ibdata1 |-- mysql | |-- columns_priv.MYD | |-- columns_priv.MYI | |-- columns_priv.frm | |-- db.MYD | |-- db.MYI | |-- db.frm | |-- event.MYD | |-- event.MYI | |-- event.frm | |-- func.MYD | |-- func.MYI | |-- func.frm | |-- general_log.CSM ...
使用主從複製模式
建立一個叫 mysql 的容器。
$ docker run -d -e REPLICATION_MASTER=true -P --name mysql mysql
建立從 mysql 容器，並連線到剛剛建立的主容器。
$ docker run -d -e REPLICATION_SLAVE=true -P --link mysql:mysql mysql
注意：這裡的主 mysql 伺服器的名字必須叫 mysql，否則會提示 `Cannot configure slave, please link it to another MySQL container with alias as 'mysql'！
# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a781d1c74024 mysql:latest "/run.sh" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:49167->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49168->3306/tcp romantic_fermi 38c73b5555aa mysql:latest "/run.sh" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:49165->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:49166->3306/tcp mysql
現在，你就可以通過相應的埠來連線主或者從 mysql 伺服器了。