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java伺服器端解決跨域問題【工具包系列】

現在很多開發的API都支援ajax直接請求,這樣就會導致跨域的問題,解決跨域的問題一方面可以從前端,另一方面就是伺服器端。
既然是搞伺服器端,做對外的API服務,當然是做到越簡單越好,前端只需要傻傻的使用就好。

目前我接觸來的情況是有2種實現方式,下面直接程式碼,你們根據自己專案情況,選擇或者修改其中的程式碼,所有程式碼都是專案實戰中執行的。
第一種情況,比較簡單,讓所有的controller類繼承自定義的BaseController類,改類中將對返回的頭部做些特殊處理。

public abstract class BaseController
{
/** * description:send the ajax response back to the client side * @param responseObj * @param response */ protected void writeAjaxJSONResponse(Object responseObj, HttpServletResponse response) { response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); response.setHeader("Cache-Control"
, "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate"); // HTTP 1.1 response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); // HTTP 1.0 /** * for ajax-cross-domain request TODO get the ip address from * configration(ajax-cross-domain.properties) */ response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin"
, "*"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); // Proxies. PrintWriter writer = getWriter(response); writeAjaxJSONResponse(responseObj, writer); } /** * * @param response * @return */ protected PrintWriter getWriter(HttpServletResponse response) { if(null == response){ return null; } PrintWriter writer = null; try { writer = response.getWriter(); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("unknow exception", e); } return writer; } /** * description:send the ajax response back to the client side. * * @param responseObj * @param writer * @param writer */ protected void writeAjaxJSONResponse(Object responseObj, PrintWriter writer) { if (writer == null || responseObj == null) { return; } try { writer.write(JSON.toJSONString(responseObj,SerializerFeature.DisableCircularReferenceDetect)); } finally { writer.flush(); writer.close(); } } }

接下來就是我們自己業務的controller了,其中主要是要呼叫 writeAjaxJSONResponse(result, response);這個方法

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/account")
public class AccountController extends BaseController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void addAccount(HttpSession session,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        ViewerResult result = new ViewerResult();
         //實現自己業務邏輯程式碼
        writeAjaxJSONResponse(result, response);
    }

}
    好了,這種簡單的方式就實現了。

    接下來介紹第二種方式,filter。我們在寫springMVC的時候,更喜歡的方式是通過@ResponseBody給返回物件進行封裝直接返回給前端,這樣簡單而且容易。
    如果使用@ResponseBody就不能使用第一種方法了,所有就使用filter給所有的請求都封裝一下跨域,接下來直接實現程式碼:
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HeadersCORSFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse servletResponse,
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
         HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, GET, OPTIONS, DELETE");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "x-requested-with,Authorization");
            response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials","true");
            chain.doFilter(request, servletResponse);

    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

}

好了,filter實現了,然後就是要在web.xml裡面把這個filter運用起來了。
開啟專案的web.xml,填寫下面的幾行程式碼:

    <filter>
      <filter-name>cors</filter-name>
      <filter-class>xxx.xxxx.xxxxx.xxxx.HeadersCORSFilter</filter-class><!--你過濾器的包 -->
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>cors</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/open/*</url-pattern><!-- 你開放的介面字首  -->
    </filter-mapping>
    好了,通過上面的2種方式,可以解決百分之80的跨域問題,也許還有更好的解決方案,可以提出來大家一起學習學習。
    最好的方案是最符合當前需求且易於擴充套件的。