Artificial intelligence, or AI, is an umbrella term for machine learning and deep learning. It is where a machine takes in information from its surroundings and, from that, makes the most optimal decision appropriate to the situation. In machine learning, a machine can take a dataset, analyze it, and make a decision or prediction based on what it has learned. Deep learning is a more complex version of this, where there are several layers of process features and each layer takes some information. These are both based on neural networks, which are algorithms acting similarly to the human brain in that they take an input and provide an output based on what they have learned.