Java實現帶表單引數的檔案上傳、下載和檔案打包下載
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-02
準備工作
知識準備
- SpringBoot
- Maven
- Spring Data JPA
工具準備
IDE：IDEA
說明
在此專案中， 我將檔案上傳的一些引數（例如上傳路徑、下載路徑、檔名等）儲存在資料庫當中，這樣更加靈活。當專案部署後，只需要更改資料庫中的資料就可以實現不同的操作，不用再重新部署，但我也將不使用資料庫的寫法保留在程式碼中，以供參考
專案結構
實體類
FileConfiguration.java
import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2018/10/23.
* 檔案配置類，配置上傳路徑、下載路徑、檔名等引數
*/ 實體類使用Lombok工具簡化GET、SET方法，不知道的可以直接寫Get、Set方法
特別注意：允許檔案上傳型別uploadFileType和提示資訊tips在資料庫中逗號分隔符要用英文符
Files.java
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2017/12/5.
* 檔案類，儲存上傳檔案的一些引數（上傳日期、上傳路徑等）
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "files")
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class Files implements Serializable {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String url;
private Timestamp date;
}
檔案上傳，資料庫一般是不儲存檔案的，只是將檔案的位置等資訊儲存在資料庫中，根據這些資訊再到系統中去查詢檔案
Member.java
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2018/1/24.
* 物件類
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "member")
@Setter
@Getter
public class Member {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
String username;
String password;
public Member() {}
public Member(String username,String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
}
這是物件類，帶表單引數上傳檔案時使用
DAO層
針對上面的三個實體類建立三個DAO介面，操作資料庫，這裡我使用的持久層資料庫為Jpa
1.
import com.pan.file.entity.Files;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2017/12/5.
*/
public interface FileRepository extends JpaRepository<Files,Long> {
}
2.
import com.pan.file.entity.FileConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2018/10/23.
*/
public interface ConfigurationRepository extends JpaRepository<FileConfiguration, Long> {
@Query("select f.downloadFileName from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findDownloadFileName(Integer id);
@Query("select f.downloadZipFileName from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findDownloadZipFileName(Integer id);
@Query("select f.uploadFileType from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findUploadFileType(Integer id);
@Query("select f.tips from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findTips(Integer id);
@Query("select f.uploadFilePath from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findUploadFilePath(Integer id);
@Query("select f.downLoadFilePath from FileConfiguration f where f.id =?1")
String findDownLoadFilePath(Integer id);
}
3.
import com.pan.file.entity.Member;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
/**
* Created by FantasticPan on 2018/1/24.
*/
public interface MemberRepository extends JpaRepository<Member, Long> {
}
1、檔案上傳
我將上傳方法進行封裝，方便呼叫：
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.File;
/**
* 上傳檔案
*/
public static void uploadFile(String filePath, String fileName, MultipartFile multipartFile) throws Exception {
File file = new File(filePath + fileName);
if (!file.getParentFile().exists()) {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
multipartFile.transferTo(file);
}
第一個引數是要上傳的位置，如果是本地可以是某一個盤下的資料夾路徑，第二個引數是獲取到的檔名字，第三個引數是我們使用 Multipartfile 來實現檔案上傳。
從資料庫中查詢預設查詢主鍵id為1
上傳方法呼叫
@Autowired
private FileRepository fileRepository;
@Autowired
private ConfigurationRepository configurationRepository;
@PostMapping(value = "/submit")
@ResponseBody
public ModelAndView uploadFile(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile multipartFile) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
Long length = multipartFile.getSize();//返回的是位元組，1M=1024KB=1048576位元組 1KB=1024Byte
String fileName = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
//獲取檔案字尾名
String suffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")).toLowerCase().trim();
//獲取檔案字尾名
//String prefix = fileName.substring(0,fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
//String fileType = ".txt,.docx,.doc";
//String[] typeArray = fileType.split(",");
//從資料庫查詢上傳的檔案型別
String fileType = configurationRepository.findUploadFileType(1);
String tips = configurationRepository.findTips(1);
//String information[] = {"檔案內容為空 ！", "檔案大小限制1M ！", "檔案字尾名有誤 ！", "提交成功！", "提交失敗，請與工作人員聯絡"};
String information[] = tips.split(",");
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
if (multipartFile.isEmpty()) {
mav.setViewName("message");
mav.addObject("error", information[0]);
return mav;
} else if (length > 1048576) {
mav.setViewName("message");
mav.addObject("error", information[1]);
return mav;
} else if (!Arrays.asList(fileType.split(",")).contains(suffix)) {
mav.setViewName("message");
mav.addObject("error", information[2]);
return mav;
}
//生成自定義的Files物件
Files files = new Files();
String uploadFilePath = configurationRepository.findUploadFilePath(1);
String filePath = uploadFilePath + "/" + UUID.randomUUID() + "/";
//路徑寫死的方法
//String filePath = "d:/uploadFies" + "/" + UUID.randomUUID() + "/";
//String filePath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "upload/";
String fileUrl = filePath + fileName;
//設定屬性
files.setName(fileName);
files.setUrl(fileUrl);
files.setDate(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
try {
//上傳檔案到伺服器
FileUtil.uploadFile(filePath, fileName, multipartFile);
//資料庫儲存檔案資訊
fileRepository.save(files);
mav.setViewName("message");
mav.addObject("error", information[3]);
return mav;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
mav.setViewName("message");
mav.addObject("error", information[4]);
return mav;
}
}
在這裡我進行了檔案字尾名和大小等一系列的判斷，並將檔案的儲存路徑存到了資料庫，這個在後面壓縮檔案會用到
這裡的@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile multipartFile中的 multipartFile就是前面說的要給上傳方法傳的第三個引數，當然我這裡使用的是自動注入，value = “file”就是表單中file輸入框name屬性的名字，檢視如下：
form.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>file</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--檔案上傳-->
<form action="/submit" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file"/><br/>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
注意：表單要加屬性 enctype="multipart/form-data"
2、檔案下載
下載方法封裝
import java.io.*;
/**
* 下載檔案
*/
public static void downloadFile(File file, OutputStream output) {
FileInputStream fileInput = null;
BufferedInputStream inputStream = null;
try {
fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);
inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(fileInput);
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];//1024*8
int i;
while ((i = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
output.write(buffer,0,i);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (inputStream != null)
inputStream.close();
if (fileInput != null)
fileInput.close();
}catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
方法呼叫
@RequestMapping(value = "/fileDownload")
@ResponseBody
public void downloadFile(HttpServletResponse response) {
//String fileName = "下學期公式表.doc";
String fileName = configurationRepository.findDownloadFileName(1);
//路徑寫死的方法
//String filePath = "/file/";
//String filePath = "D:\\file\\";
//String filePath = "D:/file/";
String filePath = configurationRepository.findDownLoadFilePath(1);
File file = new File(filePath, fileName);
try {
response.reset();
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setHeader("content-type", "application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
OutputStream output = response.getOutputStream();
FileUtil.downloadFile(file, output);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
fileName是要下載檔案的名字，filePath是檔案的位置，使用IO的File類將二者拼裝在一起
3、檔案打包下載
思路：先生成壓縮包，再下載
檔案壓縮方法封裝：
import com.pan.match.entity.Files;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;
/**
* 壓縮檔案
*/
public static void zipFile(File zipPath, List<Files> filesList) {
FileOutputStream fileOutput;
ZipOutputStream zipOutput;
BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutput;
FileInputStream fileInput = null;
BufferedInputStream bufferedInput = null;
try {
fileOutput = new FileOutputStream(zipPath); //輸出流，zipPath是生成的壓縮包所在路徑
bufferedOutput = new BufferedOutputStream(fileOutput);
zipOutput = new ZipOutputStream(bufferedOutput);
for (int i = 0; i < filesList.size(); i++) {
Files files = filesList.get(i);
File filePath = new File(files.getUrl()); // 待壓縮檔案路徑
// 壓縮條目
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(i + "." + filePath.getName());
// 讀取待壓縮的檔案並寫進壓縮包裡
fileInput = new FileInputStream(filePath);
bufferedInput = new BufferedInputStream(fileInput);
zipOutput.putNextEntry(entry);
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];//官方API文件推薦大小8192
int num;
while ((num = bufferedInput.read(buffer)) != -1) {
zipOutput.write(buffer, 0, num);
}
//不能寫成 int i = bufferedInput.read(buffer);while(i != -1);否則形成死迴圈，一直寫入
}
//關閉IO
zipOutput.closeEntry();
fileInput.close();
bufferedInput.close();
zipOutput.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
方法呼叫：
@RequestMapping(value = "/zipDownload")
@ResponseBody
public void downloadZip(HttpServletResponse response) {
List<Files> filesList = fileRepository.findAll();
//路徑寫死的方法
//String zipName = "file.zip";
//String outPath = "/file/";
//String outPath = "D:/file/";
String outPath = configurationRepository.findDownLoadFilePath(1);
String zipName = configurationRepository.findDownloadZipFileName(1);
File zipPath = new File(outPath, zipName);//使用IO的File根據路徑獲取檔案
try {
response.reset();
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setHeader("content-type", "application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(zipName, "UTF-8"));//解決中文名亂碼
OutputStream output = response.getOutputStream();//得到伺服器的輸入流
FileUtil.zipFile(zipPath, filesList);
FileUtil.downloadFile(zipPath, output);
} catch (IOException e) {