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[Leetcode]Remove Linked List Elements

Remove all elements from a linked list of integers that have value val.

Example
Given: 1 --> 2 --> 6 --> 3 --> 4 --> 5 --> 6, val = 6
Return: 1 --> 2 --> 3 --> 4 --> 5

Credits:

Special thanks to @mithmatt for adding this problem and creating all test cases.

分析:

1. 對於連結串列,在刪除當前節點時,需要知道當前節點的父節點。

2. 對於非頭節點,刪除操作很方便,對於頭節點需要額外的操作,為了在遍歷的過程中,保持刪除操作的一致性和避免區分頭節點和非頭節點,有兩種方法來避免這種麻煩:

①可以為連結串列設定輔助頭節點(即在原來連結串列前插入頭節點),這樣對具有輔助頭節點的連結串列,在遍歷時就不存在區分頭節點和非頭節點的問題。

The key to solve this problem is using a helper node to track the head of the list.

②從頭節點的下一個節點開始遍歷查詢刪除,遍歷完成後再處理頭節點。

程式一

public class Solution {
    public ListNode removeElements(ListNode head, int val) {
        ListNode helpHead = new ListNode(0);
        helpHead.next = head;
        ListNode cursor = helpHead;
        while (cursor.next != null) {
            if (cursor.next.val == val) {
                cursor.next = cursor.next.next;
            } else {
                cursor = cursor.next;
            } 
        }
        return helpHead.next;
    }
}


程式二

public ListNode removeElements(ListNode head, int val) {
    if (head == null) return null;
    ListNode pointer = head;
    while (pointer.next != null) {
        if (pointer.next.val == val) pointer.next = pointer.next.next;
        else pointer = pointer.next;
    }
    return head.val == val ? head.next : head;
}