Android傳統HTTP請求get----post方式提交資料(包含亂碼問題)
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-04
1.模仿登入頁面顯示（使用傳統方式是面向過程的）
使用Apache公司提供的HttpClient API是面向物件的
(文章底部含有原始碼的連線，包含了使用async框架)
（解決中文亂碼的問題，主要是對中文的資料進行URL編碼）
android手機預設的編碼是UTF-8
2.手機截圖Demo
3.伺服器截圖
程式碼如下：
伺服器端的程式碼：
//測試 android裝置登入 public class Login extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String username = request.getParameter("username"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); //對資料進行編碼，解決亂碼問題 username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8"); System.out.println("username--:"+username+"---password:"+password); if(username.equals("admin") && password.equals("123")){ response.getOutputStream().write("登入成功".getBytes("UTF-8")); }else{ response.getOutputStream().write("登入失敗".getBytes("UTF-8")); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); doGet(request, response); } }
Android客戶端
佈局檔案的部分：
//測試 android裝置登入 public class Login extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String username = request.getParameter("username"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); //對資料進行編碼，解決亂碼問題 username = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8"); System.out.println("username--:"+username+"---password:"+password); if(username.equals("admin") && password.equals("123")){ response.getOutputStream().write("登入成功".getBytes("UTF-8")); }else{ response.getOutputStream().write("登入失敗".getBytes("UTF-8")); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); doGet(request, response); } }
Activity程式碼部分：
（注意：android4.0之後訪問網路必須開子執行緒進行訪問，並且涉及到許可權，記得加上訪問網路的許可權
下面的程式碼中，我寫入get和post兩種方式的執行緒請求。。。。。。。。。。。。。慢慢體會
）
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final int SUCCESS = 0; private static final int FAILE = 1; private static final int NET_ERROR = 3; private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; EditText et_username; EditText et_password; TextView show_result; String username; String password; final String path = "http://188.188.7.85/Android_Server/Login"; Handler handler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { int what = msg.what; switch (what) { case SUCCESS: String data = (String) msg.obj; show_result.setText(data); break; case FAILE: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "連線伺服器失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case NET_ERROR: Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "網路出現異常", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; default: break; } } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); et_username = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_username); et_password = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_password); show_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show_result); username = et_username.getText().toString().trim(); password = et_password.getText().toString().trim(); } public void login(View view) { username = et_username.getText().toString().trim(); password = et_password.getText().toString().trim(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)) { Toast.makeText(this, "使用者名稱和密碼不能為空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } //使用傳統get方式的請求伺服器 // new Thread_get().start(); //使用傳統的post方式請求伺服器 new Thread_post().start(); } //傳統的post方式請求伺服器端 class Thread_post extends Thread { @Override public void run() { try { URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //1.設定請求方式 conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); //設定連線的超時事件是5秒 //2.組合資料,一定要將資料進行URL編碼 String commitData = "username="+URLEncoder.encode(username,"UTF-8")+"&password="+URLEncoder.encode(password,"UTF-8"); // 3. 指定content-type -實際上就是指定傳輸的資料型別 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); //4.指定content-length Content-Length: 資料的長度 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", commitData.length() + ""); //5.開啟輸出流，告訴伺服器，我要寫資料了 conn.setDoOutput(true); //6.開始寫資料 OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream(); os.write(commitData.getBytes()); // os.close(); int code = conn.getResponseCode(); //獲取返回的成功程式碼 Log.i(TAG, "code:---" + code); if (code == 200) { //表示連線伺服器成功返回資訊 String data = ServerTools.getInfo(conn.getInputStream()); Log.i(TAG, "data:---" + data); //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = SUCCESS; ms.obj = data; handler.sendMessage(ms); } else { //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = FAILE; handler.sendMessage(ms); } } catch (Exception e) { //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = NET_ERROR; handler.sendMessage(ms); e.printStackTrace(); } } } //傳統的get方式請求伺服器端 class Thread_get extends Thread { @Override public void run() { try { String getPath = path + "?username=" + URLEncoder.encode(username, "UTF-8") + "&password=" + URLEncoder.encode(password, "UTF-8"); URL url = new URL(getPath); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); //設定連線的超時事件是5秒 int code = conn.getResponseCode(); //獲取返回的成功程式碼 Log.i(TAG, "code:---" + code); ; if (code == 200) { //表示連線伺服器成功返回資訊 String data = ServerTools.getInfo(conn.getInputStream()); Log.i(TAG, "data:---" + data); //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = SUCCESS; ms.obj = data; handler.sendMessage(ms); } else { //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = FAILE; handler.sendMessage(ms); } } catch (Exception e) { //使用訊息處理機制，將資料傳遞給主執行緒 Message ms = new Message(); ms.what = NET_ERROR; handler.sendMessage(ms); e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
工具類:
public class ServerTools {
//從服務端獲取流資料進行轉化成文字檔案
public static String getInfo(InputStream in) {
//將資料流寫在記憶體中
ByteArrayOutputStream raf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
String data = null;
try{
byte[] bt = new byte[1024];
int len =0 ;
while((len = in.read(bt)) != -1){
raf.write(bt,0,len);
}
data = raf.toString();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return data;
}
}
Android的原始碼已經放在github中：