【Android】AlertDialog PopupWindow對話方塊
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-05
Android最常見的對話方塊是
AlertDialog彈窗以及PopupWindow浮動對話方塊
一 . AlertDialog對話方塊
-> 帶訊息、帶按鈕的提示對話方塊 -> 帶列表、帶按鈕的列表對話方塊 -> 帶多個單選列表項、N個按鈕的對話方塊 -> 帶多個多選列表項、N個按鈕的對話方塊 另外AlertDialog還可以建立自定義對話方塊 使用AlertDialog建立對話方塊的大致步驟是 1）建立AlertDialog.Builder物件，該物件是AlertDialog的建立器 2）呼叫AlertDialog.Builder的方法設定圖示、標題、內容，以及按鈕 3）呼叫AlertDialog.Builder的create() 方法建立對話方塊 4）呼叫AlertDialog.Builder的show() 方法顯示對話方塊1》顯示提示訊息的對話方塊
Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this); builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); builder.setTitle("訊息對話方塊"); builder.setMessage("一個簡單提示"); builder.setPositiveButton("確定", new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Toast.makeText(DialogActivity.this, "點選了確定",1).show(); } }); builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Toast.makeText(DialogActivity.this, "點選了取消",1).show(); } }); builder.create().show();
2》列表對話方塊
Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this); builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); builder.setTitle("列表對話方塊"); builder.setItems(new String[]{ "紅色","藍色","綠色" }, new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub TextView textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView_show_color); switch(which){ case 0: textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);break; case 1: textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE);break; case 2: textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);break; default: textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK); } } }); builder.create().show();
3》單選對話方塊
int choose=0;
Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
builder.setTitle("列表單選對話方塊");
builder.setSingleChoiceItems(new String[]{ "灰色","孔雀藍","黃色" }, choose,new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
choose=which;
}
});
builder.setPositiveButton("確定", new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
TextView textView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView_show_color);
switch(choose){
case 0:
textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);break;
case 1:
textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);break;
case 2:
textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);break;
default:
textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK);
}
}
});
builder.create().show();4》多選對話方塊
Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
final String myColor[]={ "蘋果","香蕉","橘子" };
final boolean isChoose[]={true,false,true};
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
builder.setTitle("列表多選對話方塊");
builder.setMultiChoiceItems(myColor,isChoose, new OnMultiChoiceClickListener(){
//選中某一選項的監聽事件
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(DialogActivity.this, myColor[which]+isChecked,1).show();
}
});
builder.setPositiveButton("確定", null);
builder.create().show();5》自定義對話方塊
Java程式碼
Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
builder.setTitle("自定義登入對話方塊");
TableLayout loginForm=(TableLayout)getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.login, null);
builder.setView(loginForm);//設定對話方塊為自定義佈局
builder.setPositiveButton("登入", new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
builder.create().show();登入框的佈局檔案R.layout.login, 可自己隨意定義
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TableLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TableRow >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用者名稱："
android:textSize="10pt"/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="請填寫賬號"
android:selectAllOnFocus="true"/>
</TableRow>
<TableRow >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="密碼："
android:textSize="10pt"/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:password="true"/>"
</TableRow>
<TableRow >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="電話號碼："
android:textSize="10pt"/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="填寫電話號碼"
android:phoneNumber="true"
android:selectAllOnFocus="true"/>
</TableRow>
<TableRow >
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="註冊"/>
</TableRow>
</TableLayout>
二. PopupWindow浮動對話方塊
介面上定義一個Button
點選後PopupWindow挨著button出現
View root=this.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.popup, null);
//建立popupWindows物件
final PopupWindow popup=new PopupWindow(root,280,200);
Button button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button_show_popup);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
popup.showAsDropDown(v);//顯示對話方塊
}
});
root.findViewById(R.id.button_close).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
popup.dismiss();//關閉對話方塊
}
});PopupWIndow的佈局R.layout.popup
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#2E2E2E">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Large Text"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
<CheckedTextView
android:id="@+id/checkedTextView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="CheckedTextView" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_close"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="close" />
</LinearLayout>
三. 總結
AlertDialog和PopupWindow基本能滿足Android開發中對話方塊的需求， 另外安卓還提供了DatePickerDialog（日期選擇對話方塊）和TimePickerDialog（時間選擇對話方塊），以及ProgressDialog（進度對話方塊）