前段時間專案上要用到一個替換word中的字元以及插入圖片並匯出的功能，google了一番發現別人的程式碼跑起來多多少少有些問題，所以就自己照著poi的api寫了一個工具類，在此記錄下來，如果有需要的朋友可以參考下：

以下是原始碼

WordUtil.java

package com.upsoft.util;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import
 
 java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.POIXMLDocument;
import
 
 org.apache.poi.hwpf.HWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.hwpf.usermodel.Range;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import
 
 org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableCell;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableRow;

/**
 * Word工具類(帶匯出)
 * 依賴外部jar ：poi version 3.9
 * 支援 word 2003+
 * @author liyuzhuang
 *
 */
public class WordUtil {

    public static String tempFilePath = "../tempFile/word/";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{           
        Map<String, Object> param = new HashMap<String, Object>();  
        Map<String,Object> header = new HashMap<String, Object>();  
        header.put("width", 100);  
        header.put("height", 50);  
        header.put("type", "jpg");  
        header.put("content", "f:\\test\\head.jpg");  
        param.put("${12}$",header);
        param.put("${1}$", "左側段落");
        param.put("${2}$", "text");
        param.put("${3}$", "such");
        param.put("${4}$", "男");
        param.put("${5}$", "2017/08/04");
        param.put("${6}$", "頭像.jpg");
        param.put("${7}$", "14584df545656");
        param.put("${8}$", "36°");
        param.put("${9}$", "28mol");
        param.put("${10}$", "36mol");
        param.put("${11}$", "78g");  
        param.put("${date}$", "2018"); 
        String result = replaceAndGenerateWord("f:\\test\\pH值分析原始記錄.docx", param, "pH值分析原始記錄333.docx", null, null);         

    }

    /**
     * 替換word中的自定義字串以及圖片（適用於word2003+ 版本）
     * 
     * 注：2003版本word不支援替換圖片，2007版本以上可以替換圖片
     *  
     * @param filePath
     * @param param
     * @param fileName
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     */
    public static String replaceAndGenerateWord(String filePath, Map<String, Object> param, String fileName, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        String[] sp = filePath.split("\\.");
        //判斷檔案是否有後綴名
        if(sp.length > 0){
            try{
                //處理docx文件 2007-2013
                if(sp[sp.length - 1].equalsIgnoreCase("docx")){ 
                    CustomXWPFDocument document = null;
                    OPCPackage pack = POIXMLDocument.openPackage(filePath);  
                    document = new CustomXWPFDocument(pack);  
                    if (param != null && param.size() > 0) {   
                        //處理段落  
                        List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphList = document.getParagraphs();  
                        processParagraphs(paragraphList, param, document);                    
                        //處理表格  
                        Iterator<XWPFTable> it = document.getTablesIterator();  
                        while (it.hasNext()) {  
                            XWPFTable table = it.next();  
                            List<XWPFTableRow> rows = table.getRows();  
                            for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) {  
                                List<XWPFTableCell> cells = row.getTableCells();  
                                for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) {  
                                    List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphListTable =  cell.getParagraphs();  
                                    processParagraphs(paragraphListTable, param, document);  
                                }  
                            }  
                        } 
                        createDir(tempFilePath);
                        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(tempFilePath.concat(fileName)));
                        document.write(fos);
                        fos.flush();
                        fos.close();
                        doExport(fileName, tempFilePath.concat(fileName), request, response);
                        return tempFilePath.concat(fileName);
                    }
                //處理doc文件 97-2003
                }else if(sp[sp.length - 1].equalsIgnoreCase("doc")){
                    HWPFDocument document = null;   
                    document = new HWPFDocument(new FileInputStream(filePath));  
                    Range range = document.getRange();  
                    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : param.entrySet()) {
                        Object value = entry.getValue();
                        if(value instanceof String){
                            range.replaceText(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()); 
                        }else if(value instanceof Map){
                            //TODO word2003暫時不能處理圖片
                        }
                    }
                    createDir(tempFilePath);
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(tempFilePath.concat(fileName)));
                    document.write(fos);
                    fos.flush();
                    fos.close();
                    doExport(fileName, tempFilePath.concat(fileName), request, response);
                    return tempFilePath.concat(fileName);
                }                                       
            }catch(Exception e){
                return "fail";
            }
        }else{
            return "fail";
        }
        return "success";
    }

    /** 
     * 處理段落 
     * @param paragraphList 
     * @throws FileNotFoundException 
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     */  
    public static void processParagraphs(List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphList,Map<String, Object> param,CustomXWPFDocument doc) throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException{  
        if(paragraphList != null && paragraphList.size() > 0){   
            //首選迴圈段落
            for(XWPFParagraph paragraph:paragraphList){ 
                //獲取段落的text
                boolean needDel = false;
                String text = paragraph.getText();                          
                if(text != null){
                    for (Entry<String, Object> entry : param.entrySet()) {  
                        String key = entry.getKey();                       
                        Object value = entry.getValue();
                        //替換                      
                        if(value instanceof String){
                            String text2 = text.replace(key, value.toString());
                            if(!text2.equals(text)){
                                needDel = true;
                            }
                            text = text2;
                        }else if(value instanceof Map){
                            if(text.indexOf(key) != -1){
                                //特殊處理圖片
                                int length = paragraph.getRuns().size();
                                //將原有的Run去掉
                                if (length > 0) {               
                                     for (int i = (length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
                                         paragraph.removeRun(i);
                                     }                                                       
                                 }
                                String imgurl = (String)((Map<?, ?>) value).get("content");
                                String type = (String)((Map<?, ?>) value).get("type");
                                int width = (Integer) ((Map<?, ?>) value).get("width");
                                int height = (Integer) ((Map<?, ?>) value).get("height");
                                String blipId = doc.addPictureData(new FileInputStream(new File(imgurl)), getPictureType(type));
                                doc.createPicture(blipId,doc.getNextPicNameNumber(getPictureType(type)), width, height,paragraph);                          
                            }
                        }
                    }  
                }
                int length = paragraph.getRuns().size();
                //將原有的Run去掉（原因是paragraph將XWPFRun分割成了一個亂七八糟的陣列，例：${1}$，這個獲取出來的是[$,{,1,},$],不能滿足我們替換的要求，這裡進行特殊處理）
                if(needDel){
                     if (length > 0) {               
                         for (int i = (length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
                            paragraph.removeRun(i);
                         }
                         //在段落裡面插入我們替換過後的文字
                         XWPFRun newRun = paragraph.insertNewRun(0);
                         newRun.setText(text, 0);
                         paragraph.addRun(newRun);  
                     }
                }           
            }  
        }  
    }  

    /** 
     * 根據圖片型別，取得對應的圖片型別程式碼 
     * @param picType 
     * @return int 
     */  
    private static int getPictureType(String picType){  
        int res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PICT;  
        if(picType != null){
            if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("dib")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_DIB;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("emf")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_EMF;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpg") || picType.equalsIgnoreCase("jpeg")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG;  
            }else if(picType.equalsIgnoreCase("wmf")){  
                res = CustomXWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_WMF;  
            }  
        }  
        return res;  
    }  

    /**
     * 匯出
     * 
     * @param fileName
     * @param filePath
     * @param request
     * @param response
     */
    public static void doExport(String fileName, String filePath, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        File file = null;
//        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)RpcContext.getContext().getResponse(HttpServletResponse.class); 
        try {
          file = new File(filePath);
//        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest)RpcContext.getContext().getRequest(HttpServletRequest.class);
          request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
          String agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent").toUpperCase();
          if ((agent.indexOf("MSIE") > 0) || ((agent.indexOf("RV") != -1) && (agent.indexOf("FIREFOX") == -1)))
              fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");
          else {
              fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("UTF-8"), "ISO8859-1");
          }
          response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload;");
          response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName);
          response.setHeader("Content-Length", String.valueOf(file.length()));
          bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
          bos = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());

          byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
          int bytesRead;
          while (-1 != (bytesRead = bis.read(buff, 0, buff.length)))
            bos.write(buff, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
//          System.out.println("匯出檔案失敗！");
        } finally {
          try {
            if (bis != null) {
              bis.close();
            }
            if (bos != null) {
              bos.close();
            }
            file.delete();
          } catch (Exception e) {
//            LOGGER.error("匯出檔案關閉流出錯！", e);
          }
        }
    } 

    /**
     * 建立目錄
     * @param basePath
     */
    public static void createDir(String basePath)
    {
      File file = new File(basePath);
      if (!file.exists())
        file.mkdirs();
    }

}

CustomXWPFDocument.java

package com.upsoft.util;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlToken;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTNonVisualDrawingProps;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.main.CTPositiveSize2D;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.wordprocessingDrawing.CTInline;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * 支援word2007+ 插入圖片
 * @author liyuzhuang
 *
 */
public class CustomXWPFDocument extends XWPFDocument
{
    public CustomXWPFDocument(InputStream in) throws IOException {
        super(in);
    }

    public CustomXWPFDocument(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {    
        super(pkg);    
    } 

    public void createPicture(String blipId,int id, int width, int height, XWPFParagraph paragraph)
    {
        final int EMU = 9525;
        width *= EMU;
        height *= EMU;
        //String blipId = getAllPictures().get(id).getPackageRelationship().getId();

//        CTInline inline = createParagraph().createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline(); 
        //給段落插入圖片
        CTInline inline = paragraph.createRun().getCTR().addNewDrawing().addNewInline();

        String picXml = "" +
                "<a:graphic xmlns:a=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main\">" +
                "   <a:graphicData uri=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
                "      <pic:pic xmlns:pic=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture\">" +
                "         <pic:nvPicPr>" +
                "            <pic:cNvPr id=\"" + id + "\" name=\"Generated\"/>" +
                "            <pic:cNvPicPr/>" +
                "         </pic:nvPicPr>" +
                "         <pic:blipFill>" +
                "            <a:blip r:embed=\"" + blipId + "\" xmlns:r=\"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships\"/>" +
                "            <a:stretch>" +
                "               <a:fillRect/>" +
                "            </a:stretch>" +
                "         </pic:blipFill>" +
                "         <pic:spPr>" +
                "            <a:xfrm>" +
                "               <a:off x=\"0\" y=\"0\"/>" +
                "               <a:ext cx=\"" + width + "\" cy=\"" + height + "\"/>" +
                "            </a:xfrm>" +
                "            <a:prstGeom prst=\"rect\">" +
                "               <a:avLst/>" +
                "            </a:prstGeom>" +
                "         </pic:spPr>" +
                "      </pic:pic>" +
                "   </a:graphicData>" +
                "</a:graphic>";

        //CTGraphicalObjectData graphicData = inline.addNewGraphic().addNewGraphicData();
        XmlToken xmlToken = null;
        try
        {
            xmlToken = XmlToken.Factory.parse(picXml);
        }
        catch(XmlException xe)
        {
            xe.printStackTrace();
        }
        inline.set(xmlToken);
        //graphicData.set(xmlToken);

        inline.setDistT(0);
        inline.setDistB(0);
        inline.setDistL(0);
        inline.setDistR(0);

        CTPositiveSize2D extent = inline.addNewExtent();
        extent.setCx(width);
        extent.setCy(height);

        CTNonVisualDrawingProps docPr = inline.addNewDocPr();
        docPr.setId(id);
        docPr.setName("Picture " + id);
        docPr.setDescr("Generated");
    }
}