CMake 編譯靜態庫和動態庫
本帖子適用於初學者，StepByStep的入門CMake，CMake也是一門程式語言，只不過是針對編譯和連結這種程式構建的過程的語言，學習基本語法就可以初步入門，後面需要什麼複雜的功能，進階掌握需要自己去查詢官方文件，後續會給出查閱的一些方式
軟體平臺
- Win 7
- VMware Workstation 12 Pro
- Ubuntu 15.10
- CMake 3.2.2
case 4
目錄結構
+
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
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檔案內容
// /CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
PROJECT(HELLOLIB)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src) - 1
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// /src/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(hellolib)
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// /src/hellolib/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/src HELLOlib_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES - 1
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// /src/hellolib/include/hello.h
# ifndef HELLO_H
# define HELLO_H
# include <iostream>
void HelloFunc();
# endif- 1
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// /src/hellolib/src/hello.cpp
# include "hello.h"
using namespace std;
void HelloFunc(){
cout<<"Hello My Linux !"<<endl;
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語法解釋
ADD_LIBRARY(hello SHARED ${HELLOlib_src})
新增編譯庫命令：
SHARED，動態庫，libhello.so
STATIC，靜態庫，libhello.aSET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH “${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib”)
ELIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH是cmake預設變數，修改它可以把庫檔案的路徑修改，本例子中修改為build/lib
case 5
目錄結構
+
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ include/
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+--- hello.h
/--+ src/
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+--- hello.cpp
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/--+ build/
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/--+ lib/
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+--- libhello.so
+--- libhello.a- 1
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檔案內容
// /src/hellolib/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/src HELLOlib_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include")
ADD_LIBRARY(hello SHARED ${HELLOlib_src})
ADD_LIBRARY(hello_static STATIC ${HELLOlib_src})
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "hello")
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
#SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES VERSION 1.2 SOVERSION 1)- 1
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其餘同case4
語法解釋
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(“${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include”)
標頭檔案目錄包含指令SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME “hello”)
一般我們希望同時編譯出靜態庫和動態庫，並且命名一致，但是cmake的target不允許重名，所以我們把靜態庫命名為hello_static，然後通過上述語句修改其輸出的名字，為hello，這樣就可以在lib目錄下生成libhello.a和lobhello.so。SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
如果執行make後只生成了一種庫，說明生成第二個庫的時候刪除了同名的其他庫。上面的語句可以顯示指定不刪除同名的庫。SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(hello PROPERTIES VERSION 1.2 SOVERSION 1)
一般動態庫會包含一個版本號，使用上述命令可以攜帶版本號：VERSION代表同太苦版本，SOVERSION指代API版本。
case 6
目錄結構
+
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ hellolib/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ include/
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+--- hello.h
/--+ src/
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+--- hello.cpp
/--+ mycmake/
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+--- CMakeLists.txt
/--+ src/
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+--- mycmake.cpp
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/--+ build/
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/--+ lib/
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+--- libhello.so
+--- libhello.a
/--+ bin/
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+--- mycmake- 1
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檔案內容
// /src/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(hellolib)
ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(mycmake)
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// /src/mycmake/CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin")
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/mycmake/src mycmake_src)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/hellolib/include")
LINK_DIRECTORIES("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib")
ADD_EXECUTABLE(mycmake ${mycmake_src})
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.a)
#TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.so)- 1
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其餘同case5
語法解釋
LINK_DIRECTORIES(“${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib”)
庫檔案目錄包含指令TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mycmake libhello.a)
連結指令，連結自己編譯出的靜態/動態庫，或者連結網上下載的外部庫