【Java基礎知識】JDBC基本操作
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-09
Jdbc簡介
JDBC(Java Data Base Connectivity )(java 資料庫連線)
可以為多種資料庫提供統一的資料庫訪問。
JDBC使用詳解
JDBC程式設計步驟
1. 載入驅動程式：Class.forName(driverClass)
載入Mysql驅動Class.forName(“com.mysql.jdbc.Driver”);
載入Oracle驅動：Class.forName(“oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver”);
2. 獲得資料庫連線
DriverManager.getConnection(“jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/imooc”,”root”,”root”);
3. 建立Statement物件：conn.createStatement();
例子：簡單MVC模式資料庫操作
1.首先建立我們的資料庫。
2. 模型層M：Godness.java 類，和資料庫欄位相對應CREATE TABLE `imooc_goddess` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `sex` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `birthday` date DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, `mobile` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL, `create_user` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, `create_date` date DEFAULT NULL, `update_user` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, `update_date` date DEFAULT NULL, `isdel` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
3.模型層M：DBUtil.java 獲取資料庫的連線/* * 模型層，建立類對應我們的資料庫 */ public class Godness { private Integer id; private String user_name; private Integer sex; private Integer age; private Date birthday; private String email; private String mobile; private String create_user; private String update_user; private Date create_date; private Date update_date; private Integer isdel; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUser_name() { return user_name; } public void setUser_name(String user_name) { this.user_name = user_name; } public Integer getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(Integer sex) { this.sex = sex; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getMobile() { return mobile; } public void setMobile(String mobile) { this.mobile = mobile; } public String getCreate_user() { return create_user; } public void setCreate_user(String create_user) { this.create_user = create_user; } public String getUpdate_user() { return update_user; } public void setUpdate_user(String update_user) { this.update_user = update_user; } public Date getCreate_date() { return create_date; } public void setCreate_date(Date create_date) { this.create_date = create_date; } public Date getUpdate_date() { return update_date; } public void setUpdate_date(Date update_date) { this.update_date = update_date; } public Integer getIsdel() { return isdel; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public void setIsdel(Integer isdel) { this.isdel = isdel; } @Override public String toString() { return "Godness [id=" + id + ", user_name=" + user_name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", email=" + email + ", mobile=" + mobile + ", create_user=" + create_user + ", update_user=" + update_user + ", create_date=" + create_date + ", update_date=" + update_date + ", isdel=" + isdel + "]"; } }
public class DBUtil {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/jdbcdb";
private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "limeng";
private static Connection conn = null;
static {
// 1.載入驅動程式
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2.獲得資料庫連線
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Connection getConnection() {
return conn;
}
}//增刪改查方法
public class GodnessDao {
public void addGodness(Godness godness) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
String sql = ""+
"insert into imooc_goddess"+
"(user_name,sex,age,birthday,email,mobile,"+
"create_user,create_date,update_user,update_date,isdel)"+
"values("+
"?,?,?,?,?,?,?,current_date(),?,current_date(),?)";
//預編譯sql語句
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ptmt.setString(1, godness.getUser_name());
ptmt.setInt(2, 1);
ptmt.setInt(3, godness.getAge());
ptmt.setDate(4, new Date(godness.getBirthday().getTime()));
ptmt.setString(5, godness.getEmail());
ptmt.setString(6, godness.getMobile());
ptmt.setString(7, godness.getCreate_user());
ptmt.setString(8, godness.getUpdate_user());
ptmt.setInt(9, 0);
ptmt.execute();
}
public void updateGodness(Godness godness) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
String sql = ""+
" update imooc_goddess"+
" set user_name=?,sex=?,age=?,birthday=?,email=?,mobile=?,"+
" create_user=?,update_user=?,update_date=current_date(),isdel=?"+
" where id=?";
//預編譯sql語句
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ptmt.setString(1, godness.getUser_name());
ptmt.setInt(2, 1);
ptmt.setInt(3, godness.getAge());
ptmt.setDate(4, new Date(godness.getBirthday().getTime()));
ptmt.setString(5, godness.getEmail());
ptmt.setString(6, godness.getMobile());
ptmt.setString(7, godness.getCreate_user());
ptmt.setString(8, godness.getUpdate_user());
ptmt.setInt(9, 0);
ptmt.setInt(10, godness.getId());
ptmt.execute();
}
public void delGoddness(Integer id) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
String sql = ""+
" delete from imooc_goddess"+
" where id=?";
//預編譯sql語句
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ptmt.setInt(1, id);
ptmt.execute();
}
//查詢所有的資料
public List<Godness> query() throws SQLException{
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from imooc_goddess");
List<Godness> gs = new ArrayList<Godness>();
Godness g = null;
while (rs.next()) {
g = new Godness();
g.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
g.setUser_name(rs.getString("user_name"));
g.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
g.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
g.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
g.setEmail(rs.getString("email"));
g.setMobile(rs.getString("mobile"));
g.setCreate_date(rs.getDate("create_date"));
g.setCreate_user(rs.getString("create_user"));
g.setUpdate_date(rs.getDate("update_date"));
g.setUpdate_user(rs.getString("update_user"));
g.setIsdel(rs.getInt("isdel"));
gs.add(g);
}
return gs;
}
//根據姓名進行查詢
public List<Godness> query(String name,String mobile,String email) throws SQLException{
List<Godness> result = new ArrayList<Godness>();
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("select * from imooc_goddess ");
sb.append(" where user_name like ? and mobile like ? and email like ?");
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sb.toString());
ptmt.setString(1, "%"+name+"%");
ptmt.setString(2, "%"+mobile+"%");
ptmt.setString(3, "%"+email+"%");
ResultSet rs = ptmt.executeQuery();
Godness g = null;
while (rs.next()) {
g = new Godness();
g.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
g.setUser_name(rs.getString("user_name"));
g.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
g.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
g.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
g.setEmail(rs.getString("email"));
g.setMobile(rs.getString("mobile"));
g.setCreate_date(rs.getDate("create_date"));
g.setCreate_user(rs.getString("create_user"));
g.setUpdate_date(rs.getDate("update_date"));
g.setUpdate_user(rs.getString("update_user"));
g.setIsdel(rs.getInt("isdel"));
result.add(g);
}
return result;
}
public List<Godness> query(List<Map<String,Object >> params) throws SQLException{
List<Godness> result = new ArrayList<Godness>();
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("select * from imooc_goddess where 1=1 ");
if(params != null && params.size()>0){
for(int i = 0; i<params.size();i++){
Map<String, Object> map = params.get(i);
sb.append(" and "+map.get("name")+" "+map.get("rela")+" "+map.get("value"));
}
}
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sb.toString());
ResultSet rs = ptmt.executeQuery();
Godness g = null;
while (rs.next()) {
g = new Godness();
g.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
g.setUser_name(rs.getString("user_name"));
g.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
g.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
g.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
g.setEmail(rs.getString("email"));
g.setMobile(rs.getString("mobile"));
g.setCreate_date(rs.getDate("create_date"));
g.setCreate_user(rs.getString("create_user"));
g.setUpdate_date(rs.getDate("update_date"));
g.setUpdate_user(rs.getString("update_user"));
g.setIsdel(rs.getInt("isdel"));
result.add(g);
}
return result;
}
public Godness get(Integer id) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
String sql = ""+
" select * from imooc_goddess"+
" where id=?";
//預編譯sql語句
PreparedStatement ptmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ptmt.setInt(1, id);
ResultSet rs =ptmt.executeQuery();
Godness g = new Godness();
while(rs.next()){
g = new Godness();
g.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
g.setUser_name(rs.getString("user_name"));
g.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
g.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
g.setBirthday(rs.getDate("birthday"));
g.setEmail(rs.getString("email"));
g.setMobile(rs.getString("mobile"));
g.setCreate_date(rs.getDate("create_date"));
g.setCreate_user(rs.getString("create_user"));
g.setUpdate_date(rs.getDate("update_date"));
g.setUpdate_user(rs.getString("update_user"));
g.setIsdel(rs.getInt("isdel"));
}
return g;
}
}//控制層
public class GodnessAction {
public void add(Godness godness) throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao = new GodnessDao();
dao.addGodness(godness);
}
public Godness get(Integer id) throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao = new GodnessDao();
return dao.get(id);
}
public void edit(Godness godness) throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao = new GodnessDao();
dao.updateGodness(godness);
}
public void del(Integer id) throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao = new GodnessDao();
dao.delGoddness(id);
}
public List<Godness> query() throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao= new GodnessDao();
return dao.query();
}
public List<Godness> query(List<Map<String,Object >> params) throws SQLException{
GodnessDao dao = new GodnessDao();
return dao.query(params);
}
}public class View {
private static final String CONTEXT = "歡迎來到女神禁區:\n" + "功能列表：\n"
+ "[MAIN/M]：主選單\n" + "[QUERY/Q]:檢視全部女神的資訊\n"
+ "[GET/G]:檢視某位女神的詳細資訊\n" + "[ADD/A]:新增女神資訊\n"
+ "[UPDATE/U]:更新女神資訊\n" + "[DELETE/D]:刪除女神資訊\n"
+ "[SEARCH/S]:查詢女神資訊（根據姓名、手機號來查詢）\n" + "[EXIT/E]:退出女神禁區\n"
+ "[BREAK/B]:退出當前功能，返回主選單";
private static final String OPERATION_MAIN = "MAIN";
private static final String OPERATION_QUERY = "QUERY";
private static final String OPERATION_GET = "GET";
private static final String OPERATION_ADD = "ADD";
private static final String OPERATION_UPDATE = "UPDATE";
private static final String OPERATION_DELETE = "DELETE";
private static final String OPERATION_SEARCH = "SEARCH";
private static final String OPERATION_EXIT = "EXIT";
private static final String OPERATION_BREAK = "BREAK";
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(CONTEXT);
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
Godness godness = new Godness();
GodnessAction action = new GodnessAction();
String prenious = null;
Integer step=1;
List<Map<String, Object>> params = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
while (scanner.hasNext()) {
String in = scanner.next().toString();
if (OPERATION_EXIT.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_EXIT.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())) {
System.out.println("你已退出");
break;
}else if (OPERATION_MAIN.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_MAIN.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
||OPERATION_BREAK.equals(in.toUpperCase())
||OPERATION_BREAK.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())){
System.out.println(CONTEXT);
}else if (OPERATION_SEARCH.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_SEARCH.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_SEARCH.equals(prenious)) {
//根據姓名和電話號碼查詢
prenious = OPERATION_SEARCH;
if(step ==1){
System.out.println("請輸入女神的[姓名]");
}else if(step ==2){
Map<String, Object> p = new HashMap<String, Object>();
p.put("name", "user_name");
p.put("rela", "=");
p.put("value","'"+in+"'");
params.add(p);
System.out.println("請輸入女神的[電話]");
}else if(step == 3){
Map<String, Object> p = new HashMap<String, Object>();
p.put("name", "mobile");
p.put("rela", "=");
p.put("value", "'"+in+"'");
params.add(p);
try {
List<Godness> res = action.query(params);
for(Godness g:res){
System.out.println(g.getId() + " , " + g.getUser_name()
+ " , " + g.getSex() + "," + g.getAge() + ","
+ g.getBirthday() + "," + g.getEmail() + ","
+ g.getMobile() + "," + g.getIsdel());
}
step = 1;
prenious = null;
params.clear();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(OPERATION_SEARCH == prenious){
step ++;
}
}else if (OPERATION_UPDATE.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_UPDATE.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_UPDATE.equals(prenious)) {
prenious = OPERATION_UPDATE;
// 更新女神
if(1==step){
System.out.println("請輸入要修改女神的[id]：");
}else if(2==step){
godness.setId(Integer.valueOf(in));
System.out.println("請輸入女神[姓名]");
}else if(3 == step){
godness.setUser_name(in);
System.out.println("請輸入女神[年齡]");
}else if(4 == step){
godness.setAge(Integer.valueOf(in));
System.out.println("請輸入女神[生日]，格式如：yyyy-MM-dd");
}else if(5 == step){
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
Date birthday = null;
try{
birthday = sf.parse(in);
godness.setBirthday(birthday);
System.out.println("請輸入女神[郵箱]");
}catch(ParseException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("你輸入的格式有誤，請重新輸入");
step = 3;
}
}else if(6 == step){
godness.setEmail(in);
System.out.println("請輸入女神的[手機號]");
}else if(7==step){
godness.setMobile(in);
try{
action.edit(godness);
System.out.println("更新女神成功");
step = 1;
prenious = null;
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("更新女神失敗");
}
}
if(OPERATION_UPDATE.equals(prenious)){
step++;
}
}else if (OPERATION_DELETE.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_DELETE.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_DELETE.equals(prenious)) {
prenious = OPERATION_DELETE;
if(step == 1){
step ++;
System.out.println("刪除女神資訊，請輸入ID：");
}else{
try {
action.del(Integer.valueOf(in));
System.out.println("刪除成功！");
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
step --;
prenious = null;
}
}else if (OPERATION_GET.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_GET.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_GET.equals(prenious)) {
prenious = OPERATION_GET;
if(step == 1){
step ++;
System.out.println("獲取女神的詳細資訊，請輸入ID：");
}else{
try {
Godness godness2 = action.get(Integer.valueOf(in));
System.out.println(godness2.getId() + " , " + godness2.getUser_name()
+ " , " + godness2.getSex() + "," + godness2.getAge() + ","
+ godness2.getBirthday() + "," + godness2.getEmail() + ","
+ godness2.getMobile() + "," + godness2.getIsdel());
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
step --;
prenious = null;
}
}else if (OPERATION_QUERY.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_QUERY.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())) {
try {
List<Godness> list = action.query();
for(Godness go : list){
System.out.println(go.getId() +" --姓名："+go.getUser_name());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}else if (OPERATION_ADD.equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_ADD.substring(0, 1).equals(in.toUpperCase())
|| OPERATION_ADD.equals(prenious)) {
prenious = OPERATION_ADD;
// 新增女神
if(1==step){
System.out.println("請輸入女神[姓名]");
}else if(2 == step){
godness.setUser_name(in);
System.out.println("請輸入女神[年齡]");
}else if(3 == step){
godness.setAge(Integer.valueOf(in));
System.out.println("請輸入女神[生日]，格式如：yyyy-MM-dd");
}else if(4 == step){
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
Date birthday = null;
try{
birthday = sf.parse(in);
godness.setBirthday(birthday);
System.out.println("請輸入女神[郵箱]");
}catch(ParseException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("你輸入的格式有誤，請重新輸入");
step = 3;
}
}else if(5 == step){
godness.setEmail(in);
System.out.println("請輸入女神的[手機號]");
}else if(6==step){
godness.setMobile(in);
try{
action.add(godness);
System.out.println("新增女神成功");
step = 1;
prenious = null;
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("新增女神失敗");
}
}
if(OPERATION_ADD.equals(prenious)){
step++;
}
} else {
System.out.println("你輸入的值為：" + in);
}
}
}
}