mysql學習【第3篇】：使用DQL查詢資料

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-10

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mysql學習【第3篇】：使用DQL查詢資料

DQL語言

DQL( Data Query Language 資料查詢語言 )

查詢資料庫資料 , 如SELECT語句
簡單的單表查詢或多表的複雜查詢和巢狀查詢
是資料庫語言中最核心,最重要的語句
使用頻率最高的語句

SELECT語法

/*
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT]
{* | table.* | [table.field1[as alias1][,table.field2[as alias2]][,...]]}
FROM table_name [as table_alias]
    [left | out | inner join table_name2]  #聯合查詢
    [WHERE ...]  #指定結果需滿足的條件
    [GROUP BY ...]  #指定結果按照哪幾個欄位來分組
    [HAVING]  #過濾分組的記錄必須滿足的次要條件
    [ORDER BY ...]  #指定查詢記錄按一個或多個條件排序
    [LIMIT {[offset,]row_count | row_countOFFSET offset}];
    # 指定查詢的記錄從哪條至哪條
 
*/

注意 : [ ] 括號代表可選的 , { }括號代表必須得

提供的素材SQL語句 :

/*
SQLyog Ultimate v10.00 Beta1
MySQL - 5.7.19 : Database - school
*********************************************************************
*/


/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @[email protected] 
@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @[email protected]@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @[email protected]@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @[email protected]@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`school` /* 
!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `school`;

/*Table structure for table `grade` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `grade`;

CREATE TABLE `grade` (
  `GradeID` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '年級編號',
  `GradeName` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '年級名稱',
  PRIMARY KEY (`GradeID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `grade` */

INSERT  INTO `grade`(`GradeID`,`GradeName`) VALUES (1,'大一'),(2,'大二'),(3,'大三'),(4,'大四'),(5,'預科班');

/*Table structure for table `result` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `result`;

CREATE TABLE `result` (
  `StudentNo` INT(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '學號',
  `SubjectNo` INT(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '課程編號',
  `ExamDate` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '考試日期',
  `StudentResult` INT(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '考試成績',
  KEY `SubjectNo` (`SubjectNo`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `result` */

INSERT  INTO `result`(`StudentNo`,`SubjectNo`,`ExamDate`,`StudentResult`) VALUES (1000,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',94),(1000,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',75),(1000,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',76),(1000,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',93),(1000,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',97),(1000,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',87),(1000,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',79),(1000,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',74),(1000,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',69),(1000,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',78),(1000,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',66),(1000,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',82),(1000,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',94),(1000,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',98),(1000,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',70),(1000,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',74),(1001,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',76),(1001,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',93),(1001,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',65),(1001,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',71),(1001,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',98),(1001,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',74),(1001,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',85),(1001,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',69),(1001,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',63),(1001,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',70),(1001,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',62),(1001,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',90),(1001,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',97),(1001,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',89),(1001,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',72),(1001,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',90),(1002,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',61),(1002,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',80),(1002,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',89),(1002,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',88),(1002,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',82),(1002,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',91),(1002,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',63),(1002,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',84),(1002,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',60),(1002,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',71),(1002,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',93),(1002,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',96),(1002,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',83),(1002,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',69),(1002,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',89),(1002,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',83),(1003,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',91),(1003,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',75),(1003,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',65),(1003,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',63),(1003,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',90),(1003,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',96),(1003,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',97),(1003,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',77),(1003,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',62),(1003,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',81),(1003,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',76),(1003,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',61),(1003,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',93),(1003,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',79),(1003,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',78),(1003,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',96),(1004,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',84),(1004,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',79),(1004,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',76),(1004,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',78),(1004,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',81),(1004,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',90),(1004,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',63),(1004,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',89),(1004,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',67),(1004,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',100),(1004,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',94),(1004,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',65),(1004,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',86),(1004,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',77),(1004,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',82),(1004,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',87),(1005,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',82),(1005,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',92),(1005,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',80),(1005,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',92),(1005,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',97),(1005,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',72),(1005,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',84),(1005,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',79),(1005,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',76),(1005,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',87),(1005,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',65),(1005,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',67),(1005,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',63),(1005,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',64),(1005,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',99),(1005,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',97),(1006,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',82),(1006,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',73),(1006,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',79),(1006,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',63),(1006,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',97),(1006,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',83),(1006,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',78),(1006,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',88),(1006,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',89),(1006,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',82),(1006,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',70),(1006,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',69),(1006,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',64),(1006,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',80),(1006,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',90),(1006,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',85),(1007,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',87),(1007,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',63),(1007,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',70),(1007,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',74),(1007,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',79),(1007,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',83),(1007,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',86),(1007,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',76),(1007,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',65),(1007,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',87),(1007,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',69),(1007,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',69),(1007,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',90),(1007,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',84),(1007,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',95),(1007,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',92),(1008,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',96),(1008,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',62),(1008,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',97),(1008,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',84),(1008,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',86),(1008,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',72),(1008,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',67),(1008,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',83),(1008,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',86),(1008,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',60),(1008,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',61),(1008,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',68),(1008,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',99),(1008,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',77),(1008,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',73),(1008,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',78),(1009,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',67),(1009,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',70),(1009,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',75),(1009,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',92),(1009,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',76),(1009,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',90),(1009,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',62),(1009,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',68),(1009,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',70),(1009,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',83),(1009,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',88),(1009,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',65),(1009,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',91),(1009,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',99),(1009,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',65),(1009,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',83),(1010,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',83),(1010,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',87),(1010,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',89),(1010,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',99),(1010,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',91),(1010,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',96),(1010,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',72),(1010,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',72),(1010,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',98),(1010,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',73),(1010,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',68),(1010,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',62),(1010,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',67),(1010,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',69),(1010,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',71),(1010,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',66),(1011,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',62),(1011,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',72),(1011,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',96),(1011,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',64),(1011,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',89),(1011,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',91),(1011,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',95),(1011,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',96),(1011,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',89),(1011,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',73),(1011,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',82),(1011,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',98),(1011,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',66),(1011,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',69),(1011,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',91),(1011,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',69),(1012,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',86),(1012,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',66),(1012,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',97),(1012,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',69),(1012,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',70),(1012,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',74),(1012,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',91),(1012,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',97),(1012,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',84),(1012,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',82),(1012,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',90),(1012,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',91),(1012,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',91),(1012,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',97),(1012,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',85),(1012,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',90),(1013,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',73),(1013,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',69),(1013,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',91),(1013,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',72),(1013,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',76),(1013,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',87),(1013,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',61),(1013,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',77),(1013,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',83),(1013,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',99),(1013,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',91),(1013,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',84),(1013,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',98),(1013,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',74),(1013,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',92),(1013,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',90),(1014,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',64),(1014,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',81),(1014,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',79),(1014,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',74),(1014,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',65),(1014,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',88),(1014,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',86),(1014,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',77),(1014,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',86),(1014,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',85),(1014,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',86),(1014,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',75),(1014,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',89),(1014,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',79),(1014,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',73),(1014,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',68),(1015,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',99),(1015,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',60),(1015,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',60),(1015,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',75),(1015,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',78),(1015,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',78),(1015,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',84),(1015,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',95),(1015,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',93),(1015,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',79),(1015,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',74),(1015,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',65),(1015,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',63),(1015,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',74),(1015,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',67),(1015,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',65),(1016,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',97),(1016,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',90),(1016,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',77),(1016,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',75),(1016,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',75),(1016,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',97),(1016,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',96),(1016,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',92),(1016,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',62),(1016,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',83),(1016,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',98),(1016,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',94),(1016,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',62),(1016,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',97),(1016,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',76),(1016,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',82),(1017,1,'2013-11-11 16:00:00',100),(1017,2,'2012-11-10 10:00:00',88),(1017,3,'2011-12-19 10:00:00',86),(1017,4,'2010-11-18 11:00:00',73),(1017,5,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',96),(1017,6,'2012-09-13 15:00:00',64),(1017,7,'2011-10-16 16:00:00',81),(1017,8,'2010-11-11 16:00:00',66),(1017,9,'2013-11-21 10:00:00',76),(1017,10,'2012-11-11 12:00:00',95),(1017,11,'2011-11-11 14:00:00',73),(1017,12,'2010-11-11 15:00:00',82),(1017,13,'2013-11-11 14:00:00',85),(1017,14,'2012-11-11 15:00:00',68),(1017,15,'2011-12-11 10:00:00',99),(1017,16,'2010-09-11 10:00:00',76);

/*Table structure for table `student` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `StudentNo` INT(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '學號',
  `LoginPwd` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `StudentName` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學生姓名',
  `Sex` TINYINT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別，取值0或1',
  `GradeId` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年級編號',
  `Phone` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '聯絡電話，允許為空，即可選輸入',
  `Address` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '地址，允許為空，即可選輸入',
  `BornDate` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '出生時間',
  `Email` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '郵箱賬號，允許為空，即可選輸入',
  `IdentityCard` VARCHAR(18) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '身份證號',
  PRIMARY KEY (`StudentNo`),
  UNIQUE KEY `IdentityCard` (`IdentityCard`),
  KEY `Email` (`Email`)
) ENGINE=MYISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `student` */

INSERT  INTO `student`(`StudentNo`,`LoginPwd`,`StudentName`,`Sex`,`GradeId`,`Phone`,`Address`,`BornDate`,`Email`,`IdentityCard`) VALUES (1000,'111111','郭靖',1,1,'13500000001','北京海淀區中關村大街1號','1986-12-11 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612111234'),(1001,'123456','李文才',1,2,'13500000002','河南洛陽','1981-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198112311234'),(1002,'111111','李斯文',1,1,'13500000003','天津市和平區','1986-11-30 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198611301234'),(1003,'123456','武松',1,3,'13500000004','上海盧灣區','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612314234'),(1004,'123456','張三',1,4,'13500000005','北京市通州','1989-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311244'),(1005,'123456','張秋麗 ',2,1,'13500000006','廣西桂林市靈川','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311214'),(1006,'123456','肖梅',2,4,'13500000007','地址不詳','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311134'),(1007,'111111','歐陽峻峰',1,1,'13500000008','北京東城區','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311133'),(1008,'111111','梅超風',1,1,'13500000009','河南洛陽','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311221'),(1009,'123456','劉毅',1,2,'13500000011','安徽','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311231'),(1010,'111111','大凡',1,1,'13500000012','河南洛陽','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311044'),(1011,'111111','奧丹斯',1,1,'13500000013','北京海淀區中關村大街*號','1984-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198412311234'),(1012,'123456','多倫',2,3,'13500000014','廣西南寧中央大街','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311334'),(1013,'123456','李梅',2,1,'13500000015','上海盧灣區','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311534'),(1014,'123456','張得',2,4,'13500000016','北京海淀區中關村大街*號','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311264'),(1015,'123456','李東方',1,4,'13500000017','廣西桂林市靈川','1976-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323197612311234'),(1016,'111111','劉奮鬥',1,1,'13500000018','上海盧灣區','1986-12-31 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198612311251'),(1017,'123456','可可',2,3,'13500000019','北京長安街1號','1981-09-10 00:00:00','[email protected]','450323198109108311'),(10066,'','Tom',1,1,'13500000000','','0000-00-00 00:00:00','[email protected]','33123123123123123');

/*Table structure for table `subject` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `subject`;

CREATE TABLE `subject` (
  `SubjectNo` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '課程編號',
  `SubjectName` VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '課程名稱',
  `ClassHour` INT(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '學時',
  `GradeID` INT(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年級編號',
  PRIMARY KEY (`SubjectNo`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=18 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `subject` */

INSERT  INTO `subject`(`SubjectNo`,`SubjectName`,`ClassHour`,`GradeID`) VALUES (1,'高等數學-1',110,1),(2,'高等數學-2',110,2),(3,'高等數學-3',100,3),(4,'高等數學-4',130,4),(5,'C語言-1',110,1),(6,'C語言-2',110,2),(7,'C語言-3',100,3),(8,'C語言-4',130,4),(9,'JAVA第一學年',110,1),(10,'JAVA第二學年',110,2),(11,'JAVA第三學年',100,3),(12,'JAVA第四學年',130,4),(13,'資料庫結構-1',110,1),(14,'資料庫結構-2',110,2),(15,'資料庫結構-3',100,3),(16,'資料庫結構-4',130,4),(17,'C#基礎',130,1);

/*!40101 SET [email protected]_SQL_MODE */;
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mysql學習【第3篇】：使用DQL查詢資料

mysql學習【第3篇】：使用DQL查詢資料

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