1.環境描述

安裝時用的Linux為rhel6.3 x86_64，用的MySQL為mysql5.6.26 x86_64,下載地址：www.oracle.com
安裝方式為rpm二進位制安裝，所需要的兩個mysql rpm安裝包為：
MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
上面的兩個安裝包也可以從以下的地址下載：
http://download.csdn.net/detail/jiaping0424/9503594
http://download.csdn.net/detail/jiaping0424/9503595

2.檢查並解除安裝已經存在的mysql

如果安裝前系統已經存在相關元件，則在安裝時會報衝突相關錯誤，這裡避免報錯先解除安裝與mysql相關的元件。

2.1.檢查

[root@web1 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
[root@web1
 
 ~]# 

2.2.解除安裝

[root@web1 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
[root@web1 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[root@web1 ~]# 

3.安裝mysql server和client

[root@web1 ~]# rpm -hiv MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1
 
f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]
[root@web1 ~]# rpm -hiv MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-client           ########################################### [100%]
[root@web1 ~]# 

4.拷貝並修改配置檔案

[root@web1 ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

5.初始化MySQL及設定密碼

[root@web1 ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@web1 ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.[確定]
[root@web1 ~]#

檢視root賬號密碼

[[email protected] ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Fri Apr 22 00:52:07 2016 (local time): 3IYLCgGex2Y7KWvR
[[email protected] ~]# 

利用上面的密碼登入：

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p3IYLCgGex2Y7KWvR
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

修改密碼為123456：

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

再用新密碼登入：

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

6.允許遠端登陸

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user | password                                  |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| web1      | root | *5B4AC10888F4F9D9A8CD55A78EF1EA2D0322B013 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *5B4AC10888F4F9D9A8CD55A78EF1EA2D0322B013 |
| ::1       | root | *5B4AC10888F4F9D9A8CD55A78EF1EA2D0322B013 |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[[email protected] ~]# 

7.設定開機自啟動

[root@web1 ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@web1 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql           0:關閉  1:關閉  2:啟用  3:啟用  4:啟用  5:啟用  6:關閉
[root@web1 ~]# 

8.MySQL的預設安裝位置

/var/lib/mysql/                 #資料庫目錄
/usr/share/mysql                #配置檔案目錄
/usr/bin                        #相關命令目錄
/etc/init.d/mysql               #啟動指令碼

9.修改字符集和資料儲存路徑

配置/etc/my.cnf檔案、修改資料存放路徑、mysql.sock路徑以及預設編碼utf-8

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]  
password        = 123456  
port            = 3306  
default-character-set=utf8  
[mysqld]  
port            = 3306  
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
#(注意linux下mysql安裝完後是預設：表名區分大小寫，列名不區分大小寫； 0：區分大小寫，1：不區分大小寫)  
lower_case_table_names=1  
#(設定最大連線數，預設為 151，MySQL伺服器允許的最大連線數16384; )  
max_connections=1000  
[mysql]  
default-character-set = utf8  

10.檢視字符集

show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';

注：為了使部落格更加完善，便於更好的分享，請讀者為文章中的錯誤進行指正，博主會定期更正，謝謝！

Keep fighting.
Warrior
2016.4.27
– The End –