1.首先我們要判斷資料庫是否存在，需要引用一個類“Microsoft ADO Ext.6.0 for DDL and Security”,用其catalog 物件來判斷資料庫是否存在，如果不存在，直接建立資料庫和資料表，如果存在則刪除

Option Explicit
Sub shifuchunzai()
    Dim con As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim mycat As New ADOX.Catalog
    Dim mydata As String
    Dim sql As String
    mydata = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\成績管理.accdb" '指定資料庫名稱
    Dir (mydata) 'go,去找括號裡的資料庫
   ' MsgBox Dir(mydata)
   '利用dir 函式可以判斷某個檔案是否存在
    If Len(Dir(mydata)) > 0 Then
        MsgBox "資料庫已存在"
       ' kill mydata '刪除資料庫
        Exit Sub
    End If
    mycat.Create "provider=microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0;data source=" & mydata
    With con
        .Provider = "microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0"
        .Open mydata
    End With
    '建立資料表的SQL命令
    'create table 表名(欄位 型別（寬度）約束條件)
    sql = "create table 期中成績(學號 text(10) not null," _
        & " 姓名 text(8) not null,性別 text(1) not null," _
        & " 班級 text(8) not null,語文 single not null," _
        & " 數學 single not null,英語 single not null," _
        & " 物理 single not null,化學 single not null," _
        & " 生物 single not null,總分 single not null)"
     con.Execute sql
     MsgBox "資料庫建立成功", vbInformation, "建立資料庫"
     con.Close
     Set con = Nothing
     Set mycat = Nothing
     
    
End Sub
 

2.在已有的資料庫中建立表格以下有兩種方法，一種是用command方法建立，一種是用SQL語句建立

Option Explicit
Sub 利用command物件建立表()
    On Error Resume Next
    Dim mycmd As New ADODB.Command
    Dim mycat As New ADOX.Catalog
    Dim mydata As String
    Dim mytable As String
    Dim sql As String
    mydata = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\成績管理.accdb"
    mytable = "期末成績"
    '建立資料庫連線
    mycat.ActiveConnection = "provider=microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0;data source=" & mydata
    '刪除已存在的同名數據表
    mycat.Tables.Delete mytable
    '設定資料庫連線，方便接下來建立資料表
    Set mycmd.ActiveConnection = mycat.ActiveConnection
    sql = "create table 期末成績(學號 text(10) not null," _
        & " 姓名 text(8) not null,性別 text(1) not null," _
        & " 班級 text(8) not null,語文 single not null," _
        & " 數學 single not null,英語 single not null," _
        & " 物理 single not null,化學 single not null," _
        & " 生物 single not null,總分 single not null)"
    '利用command 物件的execute 方法執行命令
    With mycmd
        .CommandText = sql
        .Execute , , adCmdText '表示執行一個文字字串命令
    End With
    MsgBox "資料表建立成功", vbInformation, "建立資料表"
    Set mycmd = Nothing
    Set mycat = Nothing
    
End Sub
Sub 利用SQL語言建立資料表()
    Dim con As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim mydata As String
    Dim mytable As String
    Dim sql As String
    mydata = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\成績管理.accdb"
    mytable = "期末成績"
    '建立資料庫連線
    With con
        .Provider = "microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0"
        .Open mydata
    End With
    '刪除已有的同名數據表：drop table 表名
    sql = "drop table " & mytable '注意空格
    con.Execute sql
    '設定建立資料標的SQL語句
    sql = "create table 期末成績(學號 text(10) not null," _
        & " 姓名 text(8) not null,性別 text(1) not null," _
        & " 班級 text(8) not null,語文 single not null," _
        & " 數學 single not null,英語 single not null," _
        & " 物理 single not null,化學 single not null," _
        & " 生物 single not null,總分 single not null)"
    '利用connection物件的execute 方法執行命令
    con.Execute sql
    con.Close
    Set con = Nothing
    MsgBox "資料表建立成功！", vbInformation, "建立資料表"
    

End Sub