微服務架構SpringCloud入門

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-16

SpringBoot簡介

定義

Spring Boot是由Pivotal團隊提供的全新框架，其設計目的是用來簡化新Spring應用的初始搭建以及開發過程.Spring Boot現在已經成為Java開發領域的一顆璀璨明珠，它本身是包容永珍的，可以跟各種技術整合。成為SpringBoot全家桶。

特點

建立獨立的春天應用程式
嵌入的Tomcat的，無需部署WAR檔案
簡化Maven的配置
自動配置春天
提供生產就緒型功能，如指標，健康檢查和外部配置

建立第一個SpringBoot例項

1.建立Maven的工程

建立Maven工程，建立簡單專案，型別為jar

修改JDK版本必須1.8以上，springboot基本上廢除了1.6,1.7

2.全新構建方式的pom.xml

傳統構建Maven的專案，POM中的依賴包繁多，升級一個罐子版本時，會引發新的衝突，除錯許久。而SpringBoot接管了罐子的版本，它構建好一套，這套中各罐子的版本已經測試好，開發者再無需去關注每個依賴包的版本及衝突問題。從而簡化開發。

再者，它啟動也非常快，直接執行一個類，使用的tomcat的Maven的外掛。開發除錯時效率提高。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.tedu</groupId>

<artifactId>sc-hello</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<parent>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>

<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

</parent>

<properties>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

<java.version>1.8</java.version>

</properties>



<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</project>

3. 建立的HelloController

使用@RestController替代@Controller和@ResponseBody（返回JSON串）

package com.tedu.controller;


import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController

public class HelloController {

@RequestMapping("hello")

public String hello(){

return "hello springboot";

}

}

4.全新執行方式

注意：必須加@SpringBootApplication註解，同時必須有包名

package com.tedu;



import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;



@SpringBootApplication

public class RunApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(RunApplication.class, args);

}

}

直接執行的jar啟動網路服務

1.修改的pom.xml

在pom.xml中中增加外掛外掛，忘記加會報“清單找不到”異常。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<parent>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>

</parent>

<groupId>com.tedu</groupId>

<artifactId>hello</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>

<plugins>

<plugin>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

</plugin>

</plugins>

</build>

</project>

2.執行的jar包

D：\ java \ ws \ stu \ hello \ target> D：\ java \ env \ jdk1.8 \ bin \ java -jar hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

SpringBoot和MyBatis的整合

系統架構圖

建立資料庫表

建立mybatisdb資料庫，設定UTF-8字符集。

建立使用者表：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (

  `ID` int(11) NOT NULL,

  `NAME` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,

  `BIRTHDAY` datetime DEFAULT NULL,

  `ADDRESS` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

增加資料：

insert  into `user`(`ID`,`NAME`,`BIRTHDAY`,`ADDRESS`) values
(1,'夏言','1573-01-01 00:00:00','桂州村'),
(2,'嚴嵩','1587-01-01 00:00:00','分宜縣城介橋村'),
(3,'徐階','1580-01-01 00:00:00','明松江府華亭縣'),
(4,'高拱','1566-01-01 00:00:00','河南省新鄭市高老莊村'),
(5,'張居正','1558-01-01 00:00:00','江陵');

建立Maven的工程

建立Maven工程，建立簡單專案，型別為jar

pom.xml的檔案上新增依賴

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>



<groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>

<artifactId>sc-mybatis</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<packaging>jar</packaging>



<name>sc-mybatis</name>

<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>



<parent>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>

<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

</parent>

<properties>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

<java.version>1.8</java.version>

</properties>



<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

<version>1.3.0</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

<scope>test</scope>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>mysql</groupId>

<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>

<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>

<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>

<artifactId>jackson-datatype-joda</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>

<artifactId>jackson-module-parameter-names</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!-- alibaba的druid資料庫連線池 -->

<dependency>

<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>

<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

<version>1.1.0</version>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</project>

關係編寫User.java實體類

建立POJO物件

package cn.tedu.model;



import java.util.Date;



public class User {

private Integer id;

private String name;

private Date birthday;

private String address;

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Date getBirthday() {

return birthday;

}

public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {

this.birthday = birthday;

}

public String getAddress() {

return address;

}

public void setAddress(String address) {

this.address = address;

}

}

編輯UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper

PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"

"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">



<!-- namespace名稱空間，唯一特性 -->

<mapper namespace="cn.tedu.mapper.UserMapper">

<select id="find" resultType="User">

select id,name,birthday,address from user

</select>

</mapper>

UserMapper.java介面

package cn.tedu.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import cn.tedu.model.User;


//註解和xml方式混合

public interface UserMapper {

//呼叫xml方式

    public List<User> find();



    //呼叫註解方式

    @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")

public User get(@Param("id") Integer id);

}

UserService.java

package cn.tedu.service;


import java.util.List;
import cn.tedu.model.User;


public interface UserService {

    public List<User> find();

    public User get(Integer id);

}

UserServiceImpl.java

package cn.tedu.service.impl;


import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.tedu.mapper.UserMapper;
import cn.tedu.model.User;
import cn.tedu.service.UserService;


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired

    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public List<User> find() {

        return userMapper.find();

    }

    public User get(Integer id){

        return userMapper.get(id);

    }
}

UserController.java