搭建Linux平臺PHP、MySQL、Apache環境

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-19

`Apache`

簡述

本文主要講述在 vps 主機上部署 apache 伺服器，首先需要購買 vps 主機，其次需要購買域名，再將域名解析到 vps 主機的 ip 地址上，以後就可以使用該域名訪問我們的伺服器了。

軟體下載

進入官網，點選 Download – 2.4.29 (released 2017-10-23) – Source: httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz [ PGP ] [ MD5 ] [ SHA1 ] [ SHA256 ] ，下載後，檔名為：httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz

軟體安裝

安裝必要的庫

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel zlib-deve pcre pcre-devel

將檔案拷貝到 Linux ，解壓縮

[[email protected] apache]# tar xf httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/apache
configure: 
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure: 
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found.  Please read the documentation.

安裝 apr

到官網下載 apr ，檔名為：apr-1.6.3.tar.gz ，解壓縮

[[email protected] apache]# tar xf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/apr
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# make
[[email protected] apr-1.6.3]# make install

繼續編譯

configure: error: APR-util not found. Please read the documentation.

安裝apr-util

到官網下載 apr-util ，檔名為：apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz ，解壓縮

[[email protected] apache]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/apr-util --with-apr=/opt/app/apr/bin/apr-1-config
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make 
xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: error: expat.h: No such file or directory
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install expat-devel
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make 
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make install

繼續…

[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/apache --with-apr=/opt/app/apr/bin/apr-1-config --with-apr-util=/opt/app/apr-util/bin/apu-1-config --enable-so
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# make
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.29]# make install

測試

[[email protected] apache]# /opt/app/apache/bin/apachectl -k start
AH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for host.localdomain
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

配置

開啟 httpd.conf ，對比原始檔，修改為以下內容：

#LoadModule watchdog_module modules/mod_watchdog.so
#LoadModule xml2enc_module modules/mod_xml2enc.so

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/home/sy/XGManager/home"
<Directory "/home/sy/XGManager/home">

`PHP`

軟體下載

進入官網，點選 Downloads ，找到標題：php-7.2.0.tar.gz (sig) [17,849Kb] 下載的檔名：

php-7.2.0.tar.gz

編譯

安裝編譯環境

[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# yum groupinstall "Development tools"
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# yum install libxml2-devel gd-devel libmcrypt-devel libcurl-devel openssl-devel

配置

[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/php/php-7.2.0 --with-apxs2=/opt/app/apache/bin/apxs --disable-cli --enable-shared --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --with-mysqli --enable-opcache --enable-zip --with-zlib-dir --with-pdo-mysql --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-curl --without-pdo-sqlite --without-sqlite3
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# make
cc: Internal error: Killed (program cc1)
Please submit a full bug report.
See <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla> for instructions.
make: *** [ext/fileinfo/libmagic/apprentice.lo] Error 1
原因是記憶體不足，需要使用交換分割槽，增加交換分割槽：
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=64M count=16
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# sudo mkswap /swapfile
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# sudo swapon /swapfile
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# make install
編譯完成，刪除交換分割槽：
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# sudo swapoff /swapfile
[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# sudo rm /swapfile

拷貝配置檔案：

[[email protected] php-7.2.0]# cp php.ini-development /opt/app/php/php-7.2.0/php.ini

關聯 `apache`

開啟 httpd.conf ，對比原始檔，修改為以下內容：

#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so
PHPIniDir "/opt/app/php/php-7.2.0/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .html .htm

配置 `php`

修改 php.ini 為以下內容：

; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside.
; http://php.net/extension-dir
; extension_dir = "./"
; On windows:
; extension_dir = "ext"
extension_dir = "/opt/app/php/php-7.2.0/ext"

extension=curl
extension=gd2
extension=mbstring
extension=mysqli
extension=pdo_mysql
extension=xmlrpc

[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
;date.timezone =
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this
; does not overwrite the process's umask.
; http://php.net/session.save-path
;session.save_path = "/tmp"
session.save_path = "/opt/app/php/PHPSessionTmp"

; Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not
; specified).
; http://php.net/upload-tmp-dir
;upload_tmp_dir =
upload_tmp_dir = "/opt/app/php/PHPFileUploadTmp"

重啟 Apache

[[email protected] apache]# /opt/app/apache/bin/apachectl -k restart

測試

首先，在目錄/home/sy/XGManager/home 放置一個檔案 index.php ，輸入內容：

<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

重新整理網頁，如果能夠看到以下畫面，說明 Apache 已經關聯了 PHP 。

這裡寫圖片描述

`MySQL`

軟體安裝

[[email protected] home]# yum install mysql
[[email protected] home]# yum install mysql-server
[[email protected] home]# yum install mysql-devel
[[email protected] home]# service mysqld restart

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h host.localdomain password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

                                                           [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

插入使用者：

mysql> insert into mysql.user(Host,User,Password) values('@','sy',password('********'));

重啟 Mysql

[[email protected] home]# service mysqld restart

登入新使用者

[[email protected] home]# mysql -u sy -p

`PHPMyAdmin`

軟體下載

進入官網，點選 download ，下載的檔名為：phpMyAdmin-4.7.5-all-languages.zip

軟體安裝

將解壓後的資料夾重新命名為 phpMyAdmin ，放到目錄：C:\Users\SY\Desktop\GIT\Software\PHP\Apache_Workspace\PHP\HOME ，在瀏覽器輸入：連結即可訪問。

測試

修改 index.php 內容：

<?php  
    $connect=mysqli_connect("127.0.0.1","root","10929131");  
    if (!$connect)
        echo "Mysql Connect Error!";  
    else 
        echo "MySQL OK!";  
    mysqli_close($connect);  
?>

看到列印：MySQL OK! ，說明連線資料庫成功！注意 PHP7 以後使用 mysqli 代替 mysql 。

搭建應用程式

apache 預設配置的使用者為 daemon ，我們開啟檔案：/opt/app/apache/conf/httpd.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User daemon
Group daemon

我們修改為：sy ，重啟 apache ，

 [[email protected] /]# /opt/app/apache/bin/apachectl -k restart
 [[email protected] /]# ps -ef | grep apache
  root     23485     1  0 03:03 ?        00:00:00 /opt/app/apache/bin/httpd -k start
  sy       25653 23485  0 04:02 ?        00:00:00 /opt/app/apache/bin/httpd -k start
  sy       25654 23485  0 04:02 ?        00:00:00 /opt/app/apache/bin/httpd -k start
  sy       25655 23485  0 04:02 ?        00:00:00 /opt/app/apache/bin/httpd -k start
  root     25746 20184  0 04:03 pts/0    00:00:00 grep apache

可以看到我們的 uid 變為了 sy 。

當我們向網站上傳檔案時，彈出：unknow:file created in the system's temporatory in Unknown on line 0 警告。

檢視網站目錄的所有者：

[[email protected] /]# ls -al /home/sy/XGManager/
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 30 08:35 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jan  1 09:17 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  169 Dec 30 08:35 .buildpath
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Dec 30 08:35 .git
drwxr-xr-x 9 root   root   4096 Jan  2 03:54 home
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  697 Dec 30 08:35 .project
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   49 Dec 30 08:35 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 30 08:35 .settings

可以看到所有者為 root ，而我們建立的 apache worker 程序的所有者為 sy ，許可權不足，因此報錯。

需要修改為以下內容：

[[email protected] app]# chown -R sy:sy /home/sy/XGManager/home/

再次上傳，遇到問題：Unknown: file created in the system's temporary directory in Unknown on line 0

由於我們配置 [[email protected] /]# vim /opt/app/php/php-7.2.0/php.ini

Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not
specified).
http://php.net/upload-tmp-dir
upload_tmp_dir =
upload_tmp_dir = "opt/app/php/PHPFileUploadTmp"

檔案上傳時，會臨時儲存到 upload_tmp_dir 指定的目錄，因此，該目錄的所有者也應該是 sy

[[email protected] app]# chown -R sy:sy /opt/app/php/PHPFileUploadTmp/

再次測試，上傳成功！

遇到問題：

Warning: session_start(): open(/opt/app/php/PHPSessionTmp/sess_qt1lthvdd2buesvglt0piji5l5, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in /home/sy/XGManager/home/utils/head.php on line 39

修改使用者許可權：

[[email protected] home]# chown sy:sy -R /opt/app/php/PHPSessionTmp/

搭建Linux平臺PHP、MySQL、Apache環境

Apache

簡述

軟體下載

軟體安裝

安裝必要的庫

安裝 apr

安裝apr-util

測試

配置

PHP

軟體下載

編譯

安裝編譯環境

配置

關聯 apache

配置 php

測試

MySQL

軟體安裝

PHPMyAdmin

軟體下載

軟體安裝

測試

搭建應用程式

參考教程

相關推薦

`Apache`

`PHP`

關聯 `apache`

配置 `php`

`MySQL`

`PHPMyAdmin`