1. 程式人生 > >C# RSA加密、解密、加簽、驗籤、支援JAVA格式公鑰私鑰、PEM格式公鑰私鑰、.NET格式公鑰私鑰、一般模式【支援公鑰加密,私鑰解密】(一)

C# RSA加密、解密、加簽、驗籤、支援JAVA格式公鑰私鑰、PEM格式公鑰私鑰、.NET格式公鑰私鑰、一般模式【支援公鑰加密,私鑰解密】(一)

2017-12-04日更新:增加支援微信支付。程式碼註釋中//☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆的別用,那個不對。

RSA非對稱加密。簡明扼要吧,直說乾貨。(在此特別感謝下貳進位制,提供JAVA版的公鑰私鑰)

C#RSA加簽解籤加密比較常見,一般遇到的問題是非.NET程式碼的加簽驗籤、加密解密。以下就是解決此類問題的。

一般情況下是【公鑰加密,私鑰解密。】

     * 重要的事情說三遍,不懂的自己惡補去。
     * RSA加密解密:私鑰解密,公鑰加密。
     * RSA數字簽名-俗稱加簽驗籤:私鑰加簽,公鑰驗籤。 
     * RSA加密解密:私鑰解密,公鑰加密。
     * RSA數字簽名-俗稱加簽驗籤:私鑰加簽,公鑰驗籤。 
     * RSA加密解密:私鑰解密,公鑰加密。
     * RSA數字簽名-俗稱加簽驗籤:私鑰加簽,公鑰驗籤。 

關於hashAlgorithm引數值有:MD5、SHA1、SHA256、SHA384、SHA512。其它的自己試吧,可能這個不全。

在這裡提醒下各位對接其他它非.NET對接時注意事項吧。下面是自己總結的一些方法。

【注意簡單的地方,越是簡單的地方越容易陰溝裡翻船】。

1、首先測試的時候,先給對方提供一整套公私鑰,或者問對方要一套,以便方便自己和對方測試使用。因為跟你對接的兄弟多半跟你不在一個頻道上,你說的他不明白。他也不明白你說的。

2、對方是否使用safeurl,請問清楚。如沒有請忽略以下程式碼。

        public static string ConvertEncodeBase64URLSafe(string data)
        {
            return data.Replace("=", String.Empty).Replace('+', '-').Replace('/', '_');
        }
        public static string ConvertDecodeBase64URLSafe(string data)
        {
            data = data.Replace('-', '+').Replace('_', '/');
            int len = data.Length % 4;
            if (len > 0)
            {
                data += "====".Substring(0, 4 - len);
            }
            return data;
        }

3、對方是否使用MD5withRas。請看加簽、驗籤。

4、一些單元測試及使用方法,都在

5、rsa.KeySize / 8-11是可加密的長度,RSA是本意是加密部分及其重要的資料,如果超過,多半是你自己的設計有問題。請改進,網上有分段加密解密超長資料的方法。不建議採用,改進自己的設計去。

6、【注意雙方的編碼格式。】

      【注意雙方的編碼格式。】

      【注意雙方的編碼格式。】

7、【注意本文的加密、加簽結果都是Base64的。】

      【注意本文的加密、加簽結果都是Base64的。】

      【注意本文的加密、加簽結果都是Base64的。】

byte[] dataBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(data);
string base64Str = Convert.ToBase64String(signer.GenerateSignature());

10、JAVA 使用PEM的為PKCS8,轉換命令如下

PKCS8轉換為普通的PKCS1,本示列使用普通PEM私鑰

openssl pkcs8 -in private_key_pkcs8.pem -nocrypt -out private_key.pem

11、微信RSA支付。必須使用.NET4.6以上版本 。

使用如下程式碼。

https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/tools/mch_pay.php?chapter=24_7&index=4

public static string DecryptPEMByWeiXin(string privateKeyPEM, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.LoadPrivateKeyPEM(privateKeyPEM);
            var padding = System.Security.Cryptography.RSAEncryptionPadding.Pkcs1;
            cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(data), padding);
          
            return Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetString(cipherbytes);
        }

以下是RSA的幫助類:

加簽:

        #region 加簽

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA簽名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyJava">私鑰</param>
        /// <param name="data">待簽名的內容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSASignJava(string data, string privateKeyJava, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromPrivateKeyJavaString(privateKeyJava);//載入私鑰
            //RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(rsa);
            ////設定簽名的演算法為MD5 MD5withRSA 簽名
            //RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm(hashAlgorithm);


            var dataBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            var HashbyteSignature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, hashAlgorithm);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(HashbyteSignature);

            //byte[] HashbyteSignature = ConvertToRgbHash(data, encoding);

            //byte[] dataBytes =Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            //HashbyteSignature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, hashAlgorithm);
            //return Convert.ToBase64String(HashbyteSignature);
            //執行簽名 
            //EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature);
            //return Convert.ToBase64String(RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature));
            //return result.Replace("=", String.Empty).Replace('+', '-').Replace('/', '_');
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA簽名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyPEM">私鑰</param>
        /// <param name="data">待簽名的內容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSASignPEM(string data, string privateKeyPEM, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.LoadPrivateKeyPEM(privateKeyPEM);//載入私鑰   
            var dataBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            var HashbyteSignature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, hashAlgorithm);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(HashbyteSignature);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA簽名CSharp
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyCSharp">私鑰</param>
        /// <param name="data">待簽名的內容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSASignCSharp(string data, string privateKeyCSharp, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromXmlString(privateKeyCSharp);//載入私鑰   
            var dataBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            var HashbyteSignature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, hashAlgorithm);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(HashbyteSignature);
        }

        #endregion

驗籤:

       #region 驗籤

        /// <summary> 
        /// 驗證簽名-方法一
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="signature"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool VerifyJava(string data, string publicKeyJava, string signature, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            //匯入公鑰,準備驗證簽名
            rsa.FromPublicKeyJavaString(publicKeyJava);
            //返回資料驗證結果
            byte[] Data = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(signature);

            return rsa.VerifyData(Data, hashAlgorithm, rgbSignature);

            //return SignatureDeformatter(publicKeyJava, data, signature);

            //return CheckSign(publicKeyJava, data, signature);

            //return rsa.VerifyData(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), "MD5", Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(signature));
        }
        /// <summary> 
        /// 驗證簽名PEM
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="signature"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool VerifyPEM(string data, string publicKeyPEM, string signature, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            //匯入公鑰,準備驗證簽名
            rsa.LoadPublicKeyPEM(publicKeyPEM);
            //返回資料驗證結果
            byte[] Data = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(signature);

            return rsa.VerifyData(Data, hashAlgorithm, rgbSignature);
        }

        /// <summary> 
        /// 驗證簽名CSharp
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="signature"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool VerifyCSharp(string data, string publicKeyCSharp, string signature, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            //匯入公鑰,準備驗證簽名
            rsa.LoadPublicKeyPEM(publicKeyCSharp);
            //返回資料驗證結果
            byte[] Data = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(signature);

            return rsa.VerifyData(Data, hashAlgorithm, rgbSignature);
        }

        #region 簽名驗證-方法二
        /// <summary>
        /// 簽名驗證
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKey">公鑰</param>
        /// <param name="p_strHashbyteDeformatter">待驗證的使用者名稱</param>
        /// <param name="signature">註冊碼</param>
        /// <returns>簽名是否符合</returns>
        public static bool SignatureDeformatter(string publicKey, string data, string signature, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5")
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] rgbHash = ConvertToRgbHash(data);
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                //匯入公鑰,準備驗證簽名
                rsa.FromPublicKeyJavaString(publicKey);

                RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter deformatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(rsa);
                deformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5");
                byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(signature);
                if (deformatter.VerifySignature(rgbHash, rgbSignature))
                {
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 簽名資料轉化為RgbHash
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] ConvertToRgbHash(string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            using (MD5 md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider())
            {
                byte[] bytes_md5_in = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
                return md5.ComputeHash(bytes_md5_in);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 簽名驗證-方法三
        /// <summary>
        /// 驗證簽名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">原始資料</param>
        /// <param name="sign">簽名</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CheckSign(string publicKey, string data, string sign, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {

            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromPublicKeyJavaString(publicKey);
            MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();

            byte[] Data = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
            byte[] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(sign);
            if (rsa.VerifyData(Data, md5, rgbSignature))
            {
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
        #endregion
        #endregion

加密:

      #region  加密


        /// <summary>
        /// RSA加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKeyJava"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string EncryptJava(string publicKeyJava, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.FromPublicKeyJavaString(publicKeyJava);

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //HashAlgorithmName hashName = new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm);
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA512;//RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(hashName);//.NET 4.6以後特有               
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), false);
           
            return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKeyCSharp"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string EncryptCSharp(string publicKeyCSharp, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.FromXmlString(publicKeyCSharp);

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //HashAlgorithmName hashName = new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm);
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA512;//RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(hashName);//.NET 4.6以後特有               
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), false);

            return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA加密PEM祕鑰
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKeyPEM"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string EncryptPEM(string publicKeyPEM, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.LoadPublicKeyPEM(publicKeyPEM);

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //HashAlgorithmName hashName = new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm);
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA512;//RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(hashName);//.NET 4.6以後特有               
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), false);

            return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);
        }
        #endregion

解密:

        #region 解密


        /// <summary>
        /// RSA解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyJava"></param>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string DecryptJava(string privateKeyJava, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.FromPrivateKeyJavaString(privateKeyJava);
            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm));//.NET 4.6以後特有        
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(data), false);

            return Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetString(cipherbytes);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyCSharp"></param>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string DecryptCSharp(string privateKeyCSharp, string data, string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.FromXmlString(privateKeyCSharp);
            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm));//.NET 4.6以後特有        
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(data), false);

            return Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetString(cipherbytes);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyPEM"></param>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string DecryptPEM(string privateKeyPEM, string data,  string encoding = "UTF-8")
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] cipherbytes;
            rsa.LoadPrivateKeyPEM(privateKeyPEM);
            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆
            //RSAEncryptionPadding padding = RSAEncryptionPadding.CreateOaep(new System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName(hashAlgorithm));//.NET 4.6以後特有        
            //cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data), padding);
            //☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

            //☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以前請用此段程式碼☆☆☆☆
            cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(data), false);

            return Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetString(cipherbytes);
        }
        #endregion

RSA擴充套件方法:

  public static class RSAExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///  把java的私鑰轉換成.net的xml格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="rsa"></param>
        /// <param name="privateJavaKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertToXmlPrivateKey(this RSA rsa, string privateJavaKey)
        {
            RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(privateJavaKey));
            string xmlPrivateKey = string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                         Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
            return xmlPrivateKey;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// RSA載入JAVA  PrivateKey
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateJavaKey">java提供的第三方私鑰</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static void FromPrivateKeyJavaString(this RSA rsa, string privateJavaKey)
        {
            string xmlPrivateKey = rsa.ConvertToXmlPrivateKey(privateJavaKey);
            rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 把java的公鑰轉換成.net的xml格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKey">java提供的第三方公鑰</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertToXmlPublicJavaKey(this RSA rsa, string publicJavaKey)
        {
            RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicJavaKey));
            string xmlpublicKey = string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
              Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
              Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
            return xmlpublicKey;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 把java的私鑰轉換成.net的xml格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKey">java提供的第三方公鑰</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static void FromPublicKeyJavaString(this RSA rsa, string publicJavaKey)
        {
            string xmlpublicKey = rsa.ConvertToXmlPublicJavaKey(publicJavaKey);
            rsa.FromXmlString(xmlpublicKey);
        }
        ///// <summary>
        ///// RSA公鑰格式轉換,java->.net
        ///// </summary>
        ///// <param name="publicKey">java生成的公鑰</param>
        ///// <returns></returns>
        //private static string ConvertJavaPublicKeyToDotNet(this RSA rsa,string publicKey)
        //{           
        //    RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicKey));
        //    return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
        //        Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        //        Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        //}

        /// <summary>Extension method for initializing a RSACryptoServiceProvider from PEM data string.</summary>

            #region Methods

            /// <summary>Extension method which initializes an RSACryptoServiceProvider from a DER public key blob.</summary>
            public static void LoadPublicKeyDER(this RSACryptoServiceProvider provider, byte[] DERData)
            {
                byte[] RSAData = GetRSAFromDER(DERData);
                byte[] publicKeyBlob = GetPublicKeyBlobFromRSA(RSAData);
                provider.ImportCspBlob(publicKeyBlob);
            }

            /// <summary>Extension method which initializes an RSACryptoServiceProvider from a DER private key blob.</summary>
            public static void LoadPrivateKeyDER(this RSACryptoServiceProvider provider, byte[] DERData)
            {
                byte[] privateKeyBlob = GetPrivateKeyDER(DERData);
                provider.ImportCspBlob(privateKeyBlob);
            }

            /// <summary>Extension method which initializes an RSACryptoServiceProvider from a PEM public key string.</summary>
            public static void LoadPublicKeyPEM(this RSACryptoServiceProvider provider, string sPEM)
            {
                byte[] DERData = GetDERFromPEM(sPEM);
                LoadPublicKeyDER(provider, DERData);
            }

            /// <summary>Extension method which initializes an RSACryptoServiceProvider from a PEM private key string.</summary>
            public static void LoadPrivateKeyPEM(this RSACryptoServiceProvider provider, string sPEM)
            {
                byte[] DERData = GetDERFromPEM(sPEM);
                LoadPrivateKeyDER(provider, DERData);
            }

            /// <summary>Returns a public key blob from an RSA public key.</summary>
            internal static byte[] GetPublicKeyBlobFromRSA(byte[] RSAData)
            {
                byte[] data = null;
                UInt32 dwCertPublicKeyBlobSize = 0;
                if (CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING,
                    new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.RSA_CSP_PUBLICKEYBLOB), RSAData, (UInt32)RSAData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE,
                    data, ref dwCertPublicKeyBlobSize))
                {
                    data = new byte[dwCertPublicKeyBlobSize];
                    if (!CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING,
                        new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.RSA_CSP_PUBLICKEYBLOB), RSAData, (UInt32)RSAData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE,
                        data, ref dwCertPublicKeyBlobSize))
                        throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                }
                else
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                return data;
            }

            /// <summary>Converts DER binary format to a CAPI CRYPT_PRIVATE_KEY_INFO structure.</summary>
            internal static byte[] GetPrivateKeyDER(byte[] DERData)
            {
                byte[] data = null;
                UInt32 dwRSAPrivateKeyBlobSize = 0;
                IntPtr pRSAPrivateKeyBlob = IntPtr.Zero;
                if (CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.PKCS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY),
                    DERData, (UInt32)DERData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE, data, ref dwRSAPrivateKeyBlobSize))
                {
                    data = new byte[dwRSAPrivateKeyBlobSize];
                    if (!CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.PKCS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY),
                        DERData, (UInt32)DERData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE, data, ref dwRSAPrivateKeyBlobSize))
                        throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                }
                else
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                return data;
            }

            /// <summary>Converts DER binary format to a CAPI CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO structure containing an RSA key.</summary>
            internal static byte[] GetRSAFromDER(byte[] DERData)
            {
                byte[] data = null;
                byte[] publicKey = null;
                CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO info;
                UInt32 dwCertPublicKeyInfoSize = 0;
                IntPtr pCertPublicKeyInfo = IntPtr.Zero;
                if (CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.X509_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO),
                    DERData, (UInt32)DERData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE, data, ref dwCertPublicKeyInfoSize))
                {
                    data = new byte[dwCertPublicKeyInfoSize];
                    if (CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.X509_ASN_ENCODING | CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS.PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, new IntPtr((int)CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES.X509_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO),
                        DERData, (UInt32)DERData.Length, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS.NONE, data, ref dwCertPublicKeyInfoSize))
                    {
                        GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(data, GCHandleType.Pinned);
                        try
                        {
                            info = (CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO));
                            publicKey = new byte[info.PublicKey.cbData];
                            Marshal.Copy(info.PublicKey.pbData, publicKey, 0, publicKey.Length);
                        }
                        finally
                        {
                            handle.Free();
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                }
                else
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                return publicKey;
            }

            /// <summary>Extracts the binary data from a PEM file.</summary>
            internal static byte[] GetDERFromPEM(string sPEM)
            {
                UInt32 dwSkip, dwFlags;
                UInt32 dwBinarySize = 0;

                if (!CryptStringToBinary(sPEM, (UInt32)sPEM.Length, CRYPT_STRING_FLAGS.CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER, null, ref dwBinarySize, out dwSkip, out dwFlags))
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

                byte[] decodedData = new byte[dwBinarySize];
                if (!CryptStringToBinary(sPEM, (UInt32)sPEM.Length, CRYPT_STRING_FLAGS.CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER, decodedData, ref dwBinarySize, out dwSkip, out dwFlags))
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                return decodedData;
            }

            #endregion Methods

            #region P/Invoke Constants

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_ACQUIRE_CONTEXT_FLAGS : uint
            {
                CRYPT_NEWKEYSET = 0x8,
                CRYPT_DELETEKEYSET = 0x10,
                CRYPT_MACHINE_KEYSET = 0x20,
                CRYPT_SILENT = 0x40,
                CRYPT_DEFAULT_CONTAINER_OPTIONAL = 0x80,
                CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT = 0xF0000000
            }

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_PROVIDER_TYPE : uint
            {
                PROV_RSA_FULL = 1
            }

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS : uint
            {
                NONE = 0,
                CRYPT_DECODE_ALLOC_FLAG = 0x8000
            }

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS : uint
            {
                PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING = 0x00010000,
                X509_ASN_ENCODING = 0x00000001,
            }

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_OUTPUT_TYPES : int
            {
                X509_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO = 8,
                RSA_CSP_PUBLICKEYBLOB = 19,
                PKCS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY = 43,
                PKCS_PRIVATE_KEY_INFO = 44
            }

            /// <summary>Enumeration derived from Crypto API.</summary>
            internal enum CRYPT_STRING_FLAGS : uint
            {
                CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER = 0,
                CRYPT_STRING_BASE64 = 1,
                CRYPT_STRING_BINARY = 2,
                CRYPT_STRING_BASE64REQUESTHEADER = 3,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEX = 4,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEXASCII = 5,
                CRYPT_STRING_BASE64_ANY = 6,
                CRYPT_STRING_ANY = 7,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEX_ANY = 8,
                CRYPT_STRING_BASE64X509CRLHEADER = 9,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEXADDR = 10,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEXASCIIADDR = 11,
                CRYPT_STRING_HEXRAW = 12,
                CRYPT_STRING_NOCRLF = 0x40000000,
                CRYPT_STRING_NOCR = 0x80000000
            }

            #endregion P/Invoke Constants

            #region P/Invoke Structures

            /// <summary>Structure from Crypto API.</summary>
            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
            internal struct CRYPT_OBJID_BLOB
            {
                internal UInt32 cbData;
                internal IntPtr pbData;
            }

            /// <summary>Structure from Crypto API.</summary>
            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
            internal struct CRYPT_ALGORITHM_IDENTIFIER
            {
                internal IntPtr pszObjId;
                internal CRYPT_OBJID_BLOB Parameters;
            }

            /// <summary>Structure from Crypto API.</summary>
            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
            struct CRYPT_BIT_BLOB
            {
                internal UInt32 cbData;
                internal IntPtr pbData;
                internal UInt32 cUnusedBits;
            }

            /// <summary>Structure from Crypto API.</summary>
            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
            struct CERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO
            {
                internal CRYPT_ALGORITHM_IDENTIFIER Algorithm;
                internal CRYPT_BIT_BLOB PublicKey;
            }

            #endregion P/Invoke Structures

            #region P/Invoke Functions

            /// <summary>Function for Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptDestroyKey(IntPtr hKey);

            /// <summary>Function for Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptImportKey(IntPtr hProv, byte[] pbKeyData, UInt32 dwDataLen, IntPtr hPubKey, UInt32 dwFlags, ref IntPtr hKey);

            /// <summary>Function for Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptReleaseContext(IntPtr hProv, Int32 dwFlags);

            /// <summary>Function for Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptAcquireContext(ref IntPtr hProv, string pszContainer, string pszProvider, CRYPT_PROVIDER_TYPE dwProvType, CRYPT_ACQUIRE_CONTEXT_FLAGS dwFlags);

            /// <summary>Function from Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptStringToBinary(string sPEM, UInt32 sPEMLength, CRYPT_STRING_FLAGS dwFlags, [Out] byte[] pbBinary, ref UInt32 pcbBinary, out UInt32 pdwSkip, out UInt32 pdwFlags);

            /// <summary>Function from Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptDecodeObjectEx(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS dwCertEncodingType, IntPtr lpszStructType, byte[] pbEncoded, UInt32 cbEncoded, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS dwFlags, IntPtr pDecodePara, ref byte[] pvStructInfo, ref UInt32 pcbStructInfo);

            /// <summary>Function from Crypto API.</summary>
            [DllImport("crypt32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
            [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            internal static extern bool CryptDecodeObject(CRYPT_ENCODING_FLAGS dwCertEncodingType, IntPtr lpszStructType, byte[] pbEncoded, UInt32 cbEncoded, CRYPT_DECODE_FLAGS flags, [In, Out] byte[] pvStructInfo, ref UInt32 cbStructInfo);

            #endregion P/Invoke Functions
        }

單元測試:

   [TestClass]
    public class RSAHelperTest
    {
        string publicKeyJava = @"MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCkixtIe0MzCFDW3eCDSq/6SFFN+eK+zg1q62SX
TbJprt7zOD6D9A8zU1fTEzY9+0gVUYmOMPOF8jI8EMZOnl2jDUtn3KdD2Uuee3/cmEfMpAN++KMG
6Tfm3p3Iz4kw/dLmM1EAkADIp4zFmkvxd/BN+dmT/1Tp87mMUQBS8mvdRwIDAQAB";
        string privateKeyJava = @"MIICdwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmEwggJdAgEAAoGBAKSLG0h7QzMIUNbd4INKr/pIUU35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";

        string publicKeyPEM = @"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDe8W+2jrrWY55W8nZcWCBXQSJJ
uJxkannRsZbwiwJBftXCzN0wSaujwmT0S0Aqttnqg/sO+jDHVnpph8omZdSvnySt
/PiGEqmsk+6AsgZ7eczeokVkrFvVbjq13s6NVF8tgMds/w5VG8+uEECmiHCKM8/V
3oXhq7aLPLINFYggcQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
";
        string privateKeyPEM = @"-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
";
        [TestMethod]
        public void RSA_Java_MD5Verify()
        {
            string data = "hello word!";
            string hashAlgorithm = "MD5";
            string signResult = RSAHelper.RSASignJava(data,privateKeyJava, hashAlgorithm);
            string sign1 = "bI/x8LHsuvCVgO7YEBA0hvQWdpLzqdThfYKYEeo4YFTclhFV+R4QCN2FgYshZqjDTBzHAvRHxoRk4kbYWeOuVNG+W3exdtqfUuUp29EgxEPFfqECUqucgN/bFxrtKtNGOCAqOBSx6SBkRpByKEAH7FHsRmPS4Bd4MUT4xr9gGg8=";
            if (sign1 == signResult)
            {

            }
            bool result = RSAHelper.VerifyJava(data, publicKeyJava, signResult, hashAlgorithm);
            if (!result)
            {
                int a = 0;
                int b = 0 / a;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(hashAlgorithm + ":" + result);
        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void RSA_Java_SHA1Verify()
        {
            //通過測試
            string data = "hello word!";
            string hashAlgorithm = "SHA1";
            string signResult = RSAHelper.RSASignJava(data,privateKeyJava, hashAlgorithm);
            bool result = RSAHelper.VerifyJava(data,publicKeyJava, signResult, hashAlgorithm);
            if (!result)
            {
                int a = 0;
                int b = 0 / a;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(hashAlgorithm + ":" + result);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void RSA_Java_SHA256Verify()
        {
            //未通過
            string data = "hello word!";
            string hashAlgorithm = "SHA256";
            string signResult = RSAHelper.RSASignJava(data,privateKeyJava, hashAlgorithm);
            bool result = RSAHelper.VerifyJava(data,publicKeyJava, signResult, hashAlgorithm);
            if (!result)
            {
                int a = 0;
                int b = 0 / a;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(hashAlgorithm + ":" + result);
        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void RSASign_JAVA_WithVerify()
        {
            string data = "hello word!";
            //"RIPEMD160",
            List<string> hashAlgorithmList = new List<string>() { "MD5", "SHA1", "SHA256", "SHA384", "SHA512" };//{MD5、RIPEMD160、SHA1、SHA256、SHA384、SHA512}
            foreach (var hashAlgorithm in hashAlgorithmList)
            {
                string signResult = RSAHelper.RSASignJava(data,privateKeyJava, hashAlgorithm);
                bool result = RSAHelper.VerifyJava(data,publicKeyJava, signResult, hashAlgorithm);
                if (!result)
                {
                    int a = 0;
                    int b = 0 / a;
                }
                Console.WriteLine(hashAlgorithm + ":" + result);
            }


        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void RSASign_PEM_WithVerify()
        {
            string data = "hello word!";
            //"RIPEMD160",
            List<string> hashAlgorithmList = new List<string>() { "MD5", "SHA1", "SHA256", "SHA384", "SHA512" };//{MD5、RIPEMD160、SHA1、SHA256、SHA384、SHA512}
            foreach (var hashAlgorithm in hashAlgorithmList)
            {
                string signResult = RSAHelper.RSASignPEM(data, privateKeyPEM, hashAlgorithm);
                bool result = RSAHelper.VerifyPEM(data, publicKeyPEM, signResult, hashAlgorithm);
                if (!result)
                {
                    int a = 0;
                    int b = 0 / a;
                }
                Console.WriteLine(hashAlgorithm + ":" + result);
            }


        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void RSA_Java_EncryptWithDecrypt()
        {

            string data = "hello word!";//"MD5",

            string encryptResult = RSAHelper.EncryptJava(publicKeyJava,data);
            string decryptResult = RSAHelper.DecryptJava(privateKeyJava,encryptResult);
            if (data != decryptResult)
            {
                int a = 0;
                int b = 0 / a;
            }


        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void RSA_PEM_EncryptWithDecrypt()
        {
            string data = "hello word!";//"MD5",

            string encryptResult = RSAHelper.EncryptPEM(publicKeyPEM,data);
            string decryptResult = RSAHelper.DecryptPEM(privateKeyPEM,encryptResult);
            if (data != decryptResult)
            {
                int a = 0;
                int b = 0 / a;
            }
        }
    }

測試結果:

下載地址:

CSDN下載不靠譜,不要積分的現在下的人多了積分要那麼多,誰沒事老去整積分啊。要原始碼的可以直接留言,留下郵箱。

相關推薦

C# RSA加密解密支援JAVA格式PEM格式.NET格式一般模式支援加密解密

2017-12-04日更新:增加支援微信支付。程式碼註釋中//☆☆☆☆.NET 4.6以後特有☆☆☆☆的別用,那個不對。 RSA非對稱加密。簡明扼要吧,直說乾貨。(在此特別感謝下貳進位制,提供JAVA版的公鑰私鑰) C#RSA加簽解籤加密比較常見,一般遇到的問題是非.NET

java並發編程藝術學習初衷感想與筆記目錄

家庭 需求 ring 薪資 問題 發現 開發 nbsp 編程 不忘初心,方得始終。 學習java編程這麽長時間,自認為在項目功能需求開發中沒啥問題,但是之前的幾次面試和跟一些勤奮的或者小牛、大牛級別的人的接觸中,才發現自己的無知與淺薄。 學習總得有個方向吧,現階段就想把並發

知識積累瞭解Regex正則表示式

一、正則表示式簡介 一種可以用於模式匹配和替換的規範,由普通字元 + 特殊字元構成一個模板,用於對目標字串進行匹配、查詢、替換、判斷。 原始碼:JDK1.4中的java.util.regex下的Pattern和Matcher類。 二、常用語法 1、字元取值範圍 [abc]:表示可能是a

計算機網路OSI, TCP/IP模型 & 網路HTTPTCPUDPSocket 基本知識總結

OSI 七層模型   我們一般使用的網路資料傳輸由下而上共有七層,分別為物理層、資料鏈路層、網路層、傳輸層、會話層、表示層、應用層,也被依次稱為 OSI 第一層、第二層、⋯⋯、 第七層。 如下圖: 各層功能簡介 1.物理層(Physical Layer)  

資料結構之二叉樹B樹B-樹B+樹B*樹介紹和B+樹更適合做檔案索引的原因

     今天看資料庫,書中提到:由於索引是採用 B 樹結構儲存的,所以對應的索引項並不會被刪除,經過一段時間的增刪改操作後,資料庫中就會出現大量的儲存碎片,這和磁碟碎片、記憶體碎片產生原理是類似的,這些儲存碎片不僅佔用了儲存空間,而且降低了資料庫執行的速度。如果發現索引

必須知道的八大種排序演算法java實現 氣泡排序快速排序

氣泡排序   氣泡排序是一種簡單的排序演算法。它重複地走訪過要排序的數列,一次比較兩個元素,如果他們的順序錯誤就把他們交換過來。走訪數列的工作是重複地進行直到沒有再需要交換,也就是說該數列已經排序完成。這個演算法的名字由來是因為越小的元素會經由交換慢慢“浮”到數列的頂端。   氣泡排序的示例:   氣

Node.js Koa框架入門Koa 框架介紹以及環境搭建簡單使用

一、框架介紹 Koa -- 基於 Node.js 平臺的下一代 web 開發框架 koa是由 Express 原班人馬打造的,致力於成為一個更小、更富有表現力、更健壯的 Web 框架。 使用 koa 編寫 web 應用,可以免除重複繁瑣的回撥函式巢狀, 並極大地提升錯誤

RSA解密以及

由於RSA演算法是不對稱加密演算法,所以每次加密得到的資料都不相同,同理加簽得到的資料每次也不一樣。 簡單的說下不對稱演算法,就是兩把不同,但是完全匹配的祕鑰,去進行加解密,公鑰對外提供進行資料加密,私鑰自己儲存,對加密的資料進行解密。所以私鑰不要洩露。 RSA演算法原理:

IbatissqlMapConfig.xml配置檔案詳解

1.sqlMapConfig.xml配置檔案詳解: Xml程式碼   <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  <! DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig   PUBLIC "-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Co

C++併發實戰併發基本概念

  什麼是併發 併發,最簡單的理解就是,兩個或者以上的活動同時進行。舉個比較實際的例子,你可以手腳並用,兩隻手做不同的動作等等。 在計算機中的“併發”,是指一個系統可以同時執行多個獨立的活動。在以前大多數計算機都只有一個處理單元(或者核心),這種計算機在同一時刻只能執行一個任務,任務

設計模式-簡單工廠模式和策略模式

前言 最近開始和春哥,張鐸 ,銀平討論設計模式,成立了一個小菜變大鳥的小組,每天討論一個模式,並且把這個模式搞懂,每學一個新的模式,再回顧一下之前學的模式。這兩天學了簡單工廠模式和策略模式,發現兩個模式有很多相同之處,下面用商場促銷的例子來對兩個模式總結一下。 簡單工廠模式 1.

C# 資料結構 -------------------------- 泛型帶頭節點的單鏈表雙向連結串列實現

在程式設計領域,資料結構與演算法向來都是提升程式設計能力的重點。而一般常見的資料結構是連結串列,棧,佇列,樹等。事實上C#也已經封裝好了這些資料結構,在標頭檔案 System.Collections.Generic 中,直接建立並呼叫其成員方法就行。不過我們學習當然要知其然,亦知其所以然。 本文實現的是連結

程式設計模式 ------ 命令模式 和 “重做” 及 “撤銷”

前言 本文及以後該系列的篇章都是本人對 《遊戲程式設計模式》這本書的閱讀理解,從中對一些原理,用更直白的語言描述出來,並對部分思路或功能進行初步實現。而本文所描述的 命令模式, 相信讀者應該都有了解過或聽說過,如果尚有疑惑的讀者,我希望本文能對你有所幫助。 命令模式是設計模式中的一種,但該系列所指的程式設計模

C入門總結

題記:重新認真學習C入門這段時間,發現自己之前的不足與許多能力裡不達標的地方。通過不斷地練習,今天總結一下前段時間學習內容。 ——————————————————————————————————————————————— 分子與迴圈語句 這部分的內容在C整個部分扮演者重要的角色使用頻

C入門

內容核心 鞏固練習C語言入門語法練習 1.編寫一個程式,可以一直接收鍵盤字元 詳細/* 如果是小寫字元就輸出對應的大寫字元, 如果接收的是大寫字元,就輸出對應的小寫字元, 如果是數字不輸出。 */ 個人看法:這道題我在練習時有兩種思路 1.將輸入的字元先轉化為int型 然後根據 AS

資訊學奧賽C++賦值語句

一、基本知識 在C/C++中,“=” 在語言中的作用並非是數學意義上的“等於號”,也不表示判斷。 “=”在這裡的意思是賦值:表示把它右邊的值賦給左邊。 一般形式為:變數=表示式 有的時候編譯器會提示不

C#冷知識系列那些你知道或者不知道的奇淫巧技

愛的 讓我 同事 orm lec 工程師 能夠 代碼 優勢 引子 正如我在個人介紹中所寫,我是一個仍然堅持.NET的頭鐵高級軟件工程師,研究C#,.NET已經六年多,一直堅持認為自己的能力不足以教授別人,所以一直沒有想法寫博客。工作幾年,內容涵蓋了.NET框架下的各種軟件的

WCF系列為什麽我們需要WCF

企業網 密碼 統一 兼容 erp service mage 數據完整性 圖片 為什麽我們需要WCF 傳統分布式軟件的架構分析 一個開發需求:社保平臺 訪問量較大客戶端類型/平臺多和其他系統交互多快速開發/部署結構復雜(B/S、C/S、桌面、服務…) 傳

微信小遊戲小遊戲開發調試--關於找不到app.json入口文件

com png info alt 微信開發者 遊戲 進入 http 找不到 經了解發現 小程序必須要有app.json 小遊戲必須的文件只有2個 game.js  小遊戲入口文件 game.json  小遊戲配置文件 所以不是工程文件缺失,解決方案如下: 進入微信開發者工具

完全分散式Hadoop從虛擬機器Centos6.5的安裝開始

一、虛擬機器安裝 不做過多介紹,自行去某度搜索 二、Centos6.5配置 1. 關閉防火牆 service iptables stop 關閉防火牆開機啟動 chkconfig iptables off 2. windows中檢視VM8的IPv4 ipconfig -