1.TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation 

Started with pid=30869
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora11g)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS
 
-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
   Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted
No longer listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora11g)(PORT=1521)))
2014-07-10 14:17:16.811000 +08:00
System parameter file is /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/ora11g/listener/alert/log.xml
Trace information written to 
 
/u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/ora11g/listener/trace/ora_30888_47191985552112.trc
Trace level is currently 0

檢查/tmp/.oracle 和 /var/tmp/.oracle 這2個資料夾的屬組是否正確，如果不正確，改為 chown -R grid:oinstall

2.在保證上面2個目錄許可權正確的情況下，連線報錯ORA-12537: TNS:connection closed

[[email protected] admin]$ tnsping 192.168.0.164/isc

TNS Ping Utility 
 
for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 10-JUL-2014 14:20:44

Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora

Used HOSTNAME adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=isc))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.0.164)(PORT=1521)))
OK (0 msec)
[[email protected] admin]$ sqlplus isc/[email protected]192.168.0.164/isc

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Jul 10 14:21:09 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12537: TNS:connection closed

Enter user-name: 

tnsping正常，監聽狀態正常，但是連線報錯ora-12537。

檢查$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle的許可權應該為6751

[[email protected] admin]$ ls -la $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle
-rwxr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 232399473 Nov 11  2013 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
[[email protected] admin]$ chmod 6751 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle
[[email protected] admin]$ ls -la $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 232399473 Nov 11  2013 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle

官方的解釋：

Applies to:
Oracle Net Services - Version: 8.1.7.0 to 11.2.0.1 - Release: 8.1.7 to 11.2
Generic UNIX
Checked for relevance on 30-Apr-2010
Symptoms
Connection to the database server fails with ORA-12546 or ORA-12537

Local connections working fine but the connection via listener fails with ORA-12537 or ORA-12547

Cause
Permissions on oracle binary ( $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle ) are not set correctly.

Solution
The OS level error message in the listener log "Linux Error: 13: Permission denied" indicates that the listener was not able to hand off the connection to oracle processes or not able to spawn a new dedicated user process because of lack of permission at the OS level. To resolve the error -

1. Check and correct the permission on /var/tmp/.oracle directory. Permissions on this directory should be 777 with sticky bit set.
# chmod 01777 /var/tmp/.oracle

2. Check and correct permissions on $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle binary and make sure that it is set to 6751.
$ chmod 6751 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle