我們大家都知道容器的好處，那麼工作流也提供了與spring整合的方式，將工作流引擎由spring容器統一管理起來，共同擁有容器的特性。下面來從程式碼的角度來看看整合與不整合的對比：

未整合：

引入相應的jar包，使用hibernate來持久化

配置檔案：

jbpm.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<jbpm-configuration>

  <import resource="jbpm.default.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.businesscalendar.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.tx.hibernate.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.jpdl.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.bpmn.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.identity.cfg.xml" />

  <!-- Job executor is excluded for running the example test cases. -->
  <!-- To enable timers and messages in production use, this should be included. -->
  <!--
  <import resource="jbpm.jobexecutor.cfg.xml" />
  -->

</jbpm-configuration>
 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
  
     <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/jbpm</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.password">hejingyuan</property>
    <!--  <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:hsqldb:mem:.</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.username">sa</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.password"></property> -->
     <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
     <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
     
     <mapping resource="jbpm.repository.hbm.xml" />
     <mapping resource="jbpm.execution.hbm.xml" />
     <mapping resource="jbpm.history.hbm.xml" />
     <mapping resource="jbpm.task.hbm.xml" />
     <mapping resource="jbpm.identity.hbm.xml" />
     
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
 

申請時應用：

 ProcessEngine pe = Configuration.getProcessEngine();
	TaskService ts = pe.getTaskService();
	
	String taskId = request.getParameter("taskId");
	String owner = request.getParameter("owner");
	int day = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("day"));
	String reason = request.getParameter("reason");
	
	Map map = new HashMap();
	map.put("day", day);
	map.put("reason", reason);
	map.put("msg", "<hr>申請人:"+owner+"<br>請假天數:"+day+"<br>請假原因:"+reason);
	
	ts.setVariables(taskId,map);
	ts.completeTask(taskId);
	
	response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
 

對應的原始碼：

 /** singletone instance */
  private static ProcessEngine singleton;

  /** get the singleton ProcessEngine that is created from the default
   * configuration file 'jbpm.cfg.xml'. */
  public static ProcessEngine getProcessEngine() {
    if (singleton == null) {
      synchronized (Configuration.class) {
        if (singleton == null) {
          singleton = new Configuration().setResource("jbpm.cfg.xml").buildProcessEngine();
        }
      }
    }
    return Configuration.singleton;
  }

在jbpm的jar包下，我們可以看到：

這些是jbpm.cfg.xml檔案中引入的檔案

如何識別的hibernate的配置檔案：

整合後：

使用ssh架構：

web.xml檔案：

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>SSH</display-name>
  
  <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>        
  </listener>
 <context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>   
 
 <!-- 配置Spring的OpenSessionInViewFilter，以解決懶載入異常的問題 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
 
 <!--  hejingyuan新增 -->
   <filter>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  
    </filter>  
  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>
   
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 結束 -->
  
  <!-- open session in view 的配置-->
 <!--  <filter>
 <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
 <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
 <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>
 </init-param>
 </filter>

 <filter-mapping>
 <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping> -->
  
  
</web-app>

struts.xml配置檔案：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>

<!-- 問題一： namespace="/" 錯誤，找不到返回值 -->

	<!-- 配置為開發模式 -->
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

	<include file="struts-default.xml" />  
    <package name="hjy" extends="struts-default"  namespace="/">  
       
        
        <!-- 審批流轉：審批流程管理 -->
		<action name="processDefinitionAction_*" class="com.hjy.ssh.action.ProcessDefinitionAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="list">/WEB-INF/jsp/definitionFlow/list.jsp</result>
			<result name="addUI">/WEB-INF/jsp/definitionFlow/addUI.jsp</result>
			<result name="toList" type="redirectAction">processDefinitionAction_list</result>
			<!-- 下載專用的結果配置 -->
			<result name="downloadProcessImage" type="stream">
				<param name="contentType">image/png</param>
				<param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
			</result>
		</action>
			
		
		<!-- 審批流轉：申請流轉 -->
		<action name="flowAction_*" class="com.hjy.ssh.action.FlowAction" method="{1}">					
			<result name="submitUI">/WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/submitUI.jsp</result>
			<result name="myApplicationList">/WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/myApplicationList.jsp</result>
			<result name="toMyApplicationList" type="redirectAction">flowAction_myApplicationList</result>
			<result name="myTaskList">/WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/myTaskList.jsp</result>
			<result name="approveUI">/WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/approveUI.jsp</result>
			<result name="approveHistory">/WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/approveHistory.jsp</result>
			<result name="toMyTaskList" type="redirectAction">flowAction_myTaskList</result>
			
			<result name="showProcessImageUI"> /WEB-INF/jsp/flowAction/showProcessImageUI.jsp</result>
		</action>
			
		<!-- 使用者管理 -->
		<action name="userAction_*" class="com.hjy.ssh.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="toIndex" type="redirect">/index.jsp</result>
			<result name="loginUI">/WEB-INF/jsp/user/loginUI.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 首頁 -->
		<action name="homeAction_*" class="com.hjy.ssh.action.HomeAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="{1}">/WEB-INF/jsp/homeAction/{1}.jsp</result>
		</action>
		
    </package> 
</struts>

sring的配置檔案：applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

  
      <!-- 自動掃描與裝配bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.hjy.ssh"></context:component-scan>
     
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>  
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/ssh"></property>  
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>  
        <property name="password" value="hejingyuan"></property>  
    </bean> 
		
    <!--定義Hibernate的SessionFactory -->  
    <!-- SessionFactory使用的資料來源為上面的資料來源 -->  
    <!-- 指定了Hibernate的對映檔案和配置資訊 -->  
	
	<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
	</bean>
	
   <!-- 配置宣告式的事務管理（採用基於註解的方式） -->
	 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
	  
    <!-- more bean definitions go here --> 
     
 	<!-- 配置ProcessEngine -->
	  <bean id="springHelper" class="org.jbpm.pvm.internal.processengine.SpringHelper">
		<property name="jbpmCfg" value="jbpm.cfg.xml"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="processEngine" factory-bean="springHelper" factory-method="createProcessEngine" />
  
</beans>   

hibernate.cfg.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">-->


<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">  
<hibernate-configuration> 
  <session-factory>  
    <!-- Database connection settings -->  
   	<!--  <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>  
    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/ssh</property>  
    <property name="connection.username">root</property>  
    <property name="connection.password">hejingyuan</property>   -->
  
    <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->  
    <!-- <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> -->  
  
    <!-- SQL dialect --> 
      
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
    <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->  
    <!-- <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> -->  
  
   
    <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->  
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>  
  

    <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->      
    <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>  
    
    <mapping resource="com/hjy/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/> 
    <mapping resource="com/hjy/ssh/beans/Application.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping resource="com/hjy/ssh/beans/ApproveInfo.hbm.xml"/>
    
    <!-- 匯入JBPM4.4的對映檔案 -->
	<mapping resource="jbpm.repository.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="jbpm.execution.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="jbpm.history.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="jbpm.task.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="jbpm.identity.hbm.xml" />
	 
  </session-factory>  
</hibernate-configuration>  

jbpm.cfg.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jbpm-configuration>  

  <import resource="jbpm.default.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.businesscalendar.cfg.xml" />
  <!-- 
  <import resource="jbpm.tx.hibernate.cfg.xml" />
   -->
   <!-- 與Spring整合需要匯入jbpm.tx.spring.cfg.xml檔案 -->
  <import resource="jbpm.tx.spring.cfg.xml" />
    
  <import resource="jbpm.jpdl.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.bpmn.cfg.xml" />
  <import resource="jbpm.identity.cfg.xml" />
    
</jbpm-configuration>  

部署應用：

@Resource
protected ProcessDefinitionService processDefinitionService;

/** 部署 ,即新增一個流程定義（上傳png和xml檔案）*/
public String add() throws Exception {
	ZipInputStream zipInputStream = new ZipInputStream(new FileInputStream(upload));
	try {
		processDefinitionService.deploy(zipInputStream);
	} finally {
		zipInputStream.close();
	}
	return "toList";
	}

實現類：

@Override
public void deploy(ZipInputStream zipInputStream) {
	// 部署流程
	processEngine.getRepositoryService()//
		.createDeployment()//
		.addResourcesFromZipInputStream(zipInputStream)//
		.deploy();
	
	}

總結：

以上通過程式碼的方式展示，主要是讓大家更加系統性的來了解工作流的工作原理，而看配置檔案也是最簡單的一種方式。對於是否與spring或者其他框架整合，相信大家通過做日常專案也能體會到應用框架的優勢，以上的對比只是讓大家有個直觀的認識。